July 02, 2021

Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin, DE

Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin
Old National Gallery
๊ตฌ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€

๋…์ผ ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์˜ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€ ์„ฌ(Museumsinsel; Museum Island)์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€ ์„ฌ์€ ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์˜ ์Šˆํ”„๋ ˆ(Spree) ๊ฐ•์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šˆํ”„๋ ˆ ์„ฌ(Spree Island)์˜ ๋ถ๋ถ€์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€ ๋‹จ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€ ์„ฌ์—๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€(Alte Nationalgalerie)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ ๊ณ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€(Altes Museum),  ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ ์‹ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€(Neues Museum),  ๋ณด๋ฐ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€(Bode Museum),  ํŽ˜๋ฅด๊ฐ€๋ชฌ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€(Pergamon Museum),  ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ ์„ฑ๋‹น(Berlin Cathedral), ๋ฃจ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€๋ฅดํ…(Lustgarten) ๋“ฑ์ด ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฑด๋ฌผ์€ ํ”„๋กœ์ด์„ผ(Prussia)์˜ ์™•์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌํžˆ ๋นŒํ—ฌ๋ฆ„ 4์„ธ(King Frederick William IV, 1795-1861)์˜ ์ง€์‹œ์— ์˜ํ•ด 1862๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1876๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑด์„ค๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ค๊ณ„์—๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌํžˆ ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์ŠคํŠธ ์ŠˆํŠˆ๋Ÿฌ(Friedrich August Stรผler)์™€ ์š”ํ•œ ํ•˜์ธ๋ฆฌํžˆ ์ŠˆํŠธ๋ฝ(Johann Heinrich Strack)์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ ๊ณ ์ „์ฃผ์˜(Neoclassic)์™€ ๋ฅด๋„ค์ƒ์Šค ๋ถ€ํฅ ์–‘์‹(Renaissance Revival)์„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Die Alte Nationalgalerie, 2005 by Manfred Brรผckels from Wikimedia Commons in the public domain 

๊ตฌ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์€ 19์„ธ๊ธฐ ์กฐ๊ฐ๊ณผ ํšŒํ™” ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๋…์ผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์นด์ŠคํŒŒ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌํžˆ(Caspar David Friedrich), ์นด๋ฅผ ์‹ ์ผˆ(Karl Friedrich Schinkel), ์นด๋ฅผ ๋ธ”๋ ˆํ—จ(Karl Blechen) ๋“ฑ ๋…์ผ ๋‚ญ๋งŒ์ฃผ์˜(Romantic movements), ์—๋‘์•„๋ฅด ๋งˆ๋„ค(ร‰douard Manet), ํด๋กœ๋“œ ๋ชจ๋„ค(Claude Monet) ๋“ฑ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์ธ์ƒ์ฃผ์˜(French Impressionism), ์•„๋Œํ”„ ํฐ ๋ฉ˜์ฒผ(Adolph von Menzel), ๋ง‰์Šค ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ ๋ฅด๋งŒ(Max Liebermann), ๋กœ๋นˆ์Šค ์ฝ”๋ฆฐํŠธ(Lovis Corinth) ๋“ฑ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋ชจ๋”๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜(early Modernism) ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ์†Œ์žฅ ๋ฐ ์ „์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
 
์†Œ์žฅ ๋ฐ ์ „์‹œ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ ์ค‘์—๋Š” ์นด์ŠคํŒŒ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌํžˆ(Caspar David Friedrich)์˜ ํ•ด๋ณ€์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„์Šน(Der Mรถnch am Meer; The Monk by the Sea, 1808-1810), ์•„๋Œํ”„ ํฐ ๋ฉ˜์ฒผ(Adolph von Menzel)์˜ ์ฒ ๊ฐ•๊ณต์žฅ(Eisenwalzwerk; The Iron Rolling Mill (Modern Cyclopes), 1872-1875), ์—๋‘์•„๋ฅด ๋งˆ๋„ค(Edouard Manet)์˜ ์˜จ์‹ค์—์„œ(In the Conservatory, 1879), ์•„๋ฅด๋†€ํŠธ ๋ตˆํด๋ฆฐ(Arnold Bรถcklin)์˜ ์ฃฝ์€ ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์„ฌ(Die Toteninsel; Island of the Dead, 1883) ๋“ฑ์ด ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์นด์ŠคํŒŒ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌํžˆ (Caspar David Friedrich), ํ•ด๋ณ€์˜ ์ˆ˜๋„์Šน (Der Mรถnch am Meer; The Monk by the Sea), 1808-1810, oil on canvas, 110 x 171.5 cm, Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin

Caspar David Friedrich (1774–1840), Village Landscape in Morning Light (The Lone Tree), 1822, oil on canvas, 55 x 71 cm, Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin

์•„๋Œํ”„ ํฐ ๋ฉ˜์ฒผ (Adolph von Menzel), ์ฒ ๊ฐ•๊ณต์žฅ (Eisenwalzwerk; The Iron Rolling Mill (Modern Cyclopes)), 1872-1875, oil on canvas, 158 x 254 cm, Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin 

์—๋‘์•„๋ฅด ๋งˆ๋„ค(Edouard Manet), ์˜จ์‹ค์—์„œ(In the Conservatory, 1879), oil on canvas, 115 x 150 cm, Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin 

์•„๋ฅด๋†€ํŠธ ๋ตˆํด๋ฆฐ(Arnold Bรถcklin), ์ฃฝ์€ ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์„ฌ(Die Toteninsel; Island of the Dead, 1883), oil on canvas, 80 x 150 cm, Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin 

No comments:

Post a Comment