[12/17] 밀원식물 [蜜源植物, bee plant, honey plant]

[12/17] 밀원식물 [蜜源植物, bee plant, honey plant]

이명(理名): 蜜源植物, 양봉식물, 養蜂植物, bee plant, honey plant, honey crop

꽃말: 동감(同感, compathy), 인생의 출발(beginning of life)

벌이 꿀을 빨아 오는 원천이 되는 식물로, 초본식물에서 목본식물에 이르기까지 꽃꿀(花蜜)을 분비하고 꽃가루를 공급하여 꿀벌의 먹이를 제공하는 모든식물을 통칭하며, 나라마다 대표적인 밀원식물은 다릅니다.

한국에서는 제주도의 유채, 강원도의 메밀, 싸리 등이 있으며, 전국적으로는 아까시나무, 소나무 등이 대표적입니다.

세계적으로는 미국의 클로버, 오렌지, 유럽 북부지역의 피나무, 헝가리와 루마니아 및 그 인접국의 아까시나무, 오스트레일리아의 유칼리 등이 대표적인 밀원식물입니다.

•메밀 [buckwheat; Fagopyrum esculentum]: 연인(戀人, lovers)
•소나무 [pine; Pinus densiflora]: 정절(貞節, chastity), 장수(長壽, longevity)
•싸리(나무) [bush clover, lespedeza; Lespedeza bicolor]: 생각(thought), 사색(思索, meditation), 상념(想念, notion)
•아까시나무 [false acasia; Robinia pseudoacacia]: 품위(品位, dignity); 비밀스러운 사랑(secret love), 숨겨진 사랑(hidden love)
•오렌지 [orange; Citrus sinensis]: 순결(純潔, purity); 새색시의 기쁨(joy of bride); 너그러운 마음(generous mind, liberal mind)
•유채 [rapeseed, 油菜; Brassica napus]: 쾌활(快活, cheerfulness), 명랑(明朗, gaiety)
•유칼리 [유칼립투스, gum tree; Eucalyptus globulus]: 추억(追憶, memory); 강한 에너지(mightiness), 생명력(生命力, life force); 새로 태어남(rebirth, rehabilitation), 안락함(安樂, comfort)
•토끼풀 [클로버, clover; Trifolium repens]: 쾌활(快活, cheerfulness), 감화(感化, influence), 약속(約束, promise), 행운(幸運, luck), 평화(平和, peace)
•피나무 [linden tree, lime tree, bass; Tilia amurensis]: 부부애(夫婦愛, conjugal affection, married love)

좀더 많은 종류를 과(family)별로 보면 다음과 같습니다. 영어 ABC順이며, 전체를 나타낸 것은 아닙니다.

•Acanthaceae [쥐꼬리망초과] (Acanthus family)
└·Avicennia [아비세니아속]
└-·Avicennia germinans [아비세니아 저미난; 검은 맹그로브, black mangrove]
•Aceraceae [단풍나무과, Sapindaceae, 무환자나무과] (Maple family)
•Agavaceae [용설란과] (Agave family)
•Alstroemeriaceae [알스트로에메리아과]
•Amaranthaceae [비름과] (Amaranth family)
•Anacardiaceae [옻나무과]
•Apiaceae [미나리과] Parsley and carrot family)
•Apocynaceae [협죽도과, 마삭나무과] (Dogbane family)
•Aquifoliaceae [감탕나무과] (Holly family)
•Araliaceae [두릅나무과] (Aralia and ivy family)
•Asclepiadaceae [박주가리과]
•Arecaceae [종려과] (Palm family)
•Asteraceae [국화과, 엉거시과] (Aster, daisy, sunflower family)
└·Echinacea
└-·Echinacea purpurea [eastern purple coneflower, hedgehog coneflower, purple coneflower]
└·Helianthus [해바라기속]
└·Silphium
└-·Silphium perfoliatum [cup plant, cup-plant]
└·Taraxacum [민들레속]
•Bignoniaceae [능소화과] (Trumpet creeper family)
•Bixaceae [홍목과] (Achiote family)
•Bombacaceae [물밤나무과, 판야과] (see also Malva family)
•Boraginaceae [지치과] (Borage or Forget-me-not family)
•Brassicaceae [겨자과, 십자화과] (Mustard family or cabbage family)
└·Brassica [배추속]
└-·Brassica napus [유채, rapeseed, 油菜]: 쾌활(快活, cheerfulness), 명랑(明朗, gaiety)
•Caesalpinioideae [실거리나무아과] 콩과(Fabaceae)의 아과(subfamily)
•Cannabaceae [삼과] (Hemp Family)
•Caprifoliaceae [인동과] (Honeysuckle family)
•Caryocaraceae [카리오카르과]
•Caryophyllaceae [석죽과, 패랭이꽃과] (Carnation family)
•Celastraceae [노박덩굴과] (staff vine or bittersweet family)
•Chrysobalanaceae [크리소발라누스과]
•Cleomaceae [풍접초과] (Capparaceae, Caper family)
└·Cleome [풍접초속] (spider flowers, spider plants, spider weeds, bee plants)
└-·Cleome gynandra [풍접초]
•Clethraceae [매화오리나무과]
•Clusiaceae [클루시아과]
•Cochlospermaceae [코클로스페르뭄과]
•Combretaceae [사군자과, 콤브레타과]
•Commelinaceae [닭의장풀과]
•Convolvulaceae [메꽃과] (Bindweed or morning glory family)
•Cucurbitaceae [박과] (Melon, cucumber, calabash, squash family)
•Cunoniaceae [쿠노니아과]
•Dilleniaceae [오이과과, 딜레니아과]
•Ebenaceae [감나무과]
•Elaeocarpaceae [담팔수과, 膽八樹科]
•Ericaceae [진달래과] (Blueberry, Heather family)
•Erythroxylaceae [코카나무과] (Coca family)
•Escalloniaceae [에스칼로니아과]
•Euphorbiaceae [대극과, 大戟科] (Spurge family)
•Fabaceae [콩과]
└·Lespedeza [싸리속]
└-·싸리(나무) [bush clover, lespedeza; (학명) Lespedeza bicolor]: 생각(thought), 사색(思索, meditation), 상념(想念, notion)
└·Robinia
└-·아까시나무 [false acasia; (학명) Robinia pseudoacacia]: 품위(品位, dignity); 비밀스러운 사랑(secret love), 숨겨진 사랑(hidden love)랑(secret love), 숨겨진 사랑(hidden love)
└·Trifolium
└-·토끼풀 [클로버, clover; (학명) Trifolium repens]: 쾌활(快活, cheerfulness), 감화(感化, influence), 약속(約束, promise), 행운(幸運, luck), 평화(平和, peace)
•Faboideae [콩아과] (Legume family)
•Flacourtiaceae [이나무과]
•Hamamelidaceae [조록나무과]
•Iridaceae [붓꽃과]
•Lamiaceae [꿀풀과, Labiatae] (Mint family)
•Lauraceae [녹나무과] (Laurel family)
•Lecythidaceae [오예과]
•Liliaceae [백합과, 百合科] (Lily family)
•Lythraceae [부처꽃과]
•Magnoliaceae [목련과] (Magnolia and tulip tree family)
•Malpighiaceae [말피기과]
•Malvaceae [아욱과] (Malva family)
•Meliaceae [멀구슬나무과] (Mahogany family)
•Mimosoideae [미모사아과]
•Myrsinaceae [자금우과]
•Myrtaceae [도금양과, 桃金孃科] (Myrtle family)
└·Eucalyptus
└-·유칼리 [유칼립투스, gum tree; (학명) Eucalyptus globulus]: 추억(追憶, memory); 강한 에너지(mightiness), 생명력(生命力, life force); 새로 태어남(rebirth, rehabilitation), 안락함(安樂, comfort)
•Ochnaceae [오크나과]
•Oleaceae [물푸레나무과] (Olive family)
•Oxalidaceae [괭이밥과]
•Pinaceae [소나무과]
└·Pinus [소나무속]
└-·소나무 [pine; (학명) Pinus densiflora]: 정절(貞節, chastity), 장수(長壽, longevity)
•Polygonaceae [마디풀]
└·Fagopyrum
└-·메밀 [buckwheat; (학명) Fagopyrum esculentum]: 연인(戀人, lovers)
•Passifloraceae [시계초과] (Passion flower family)
•Poaceae [Gramineae, 포아풀과, 화본과]
•Proteaceae [프로테아과]
•Rhamnaceae [갈매나무과] (Buckthorn family)
•Rosaceae [장미과] (Rose family)
•Rubiaceae [꼭두서니과] (Madder, bedstraw, coffee family)
•Rutaceae [운향과, 芸香科]
└·Citrus
└-·오렌지 [orange; (학명) Citrus sinensis]: 순결(純潔, purity); 새색시의 기쁨(joy of bride); 너그러운 마음(generous mind, liberal mind)
•Salicaceae [버드나무과] (Willow and poplar family)
•Sapindaceae [무환자나무과] (Soapberry family)
•Scrophulariaceae [현삼과, 玄蔘科]
•Solanaceae [가지과] (Tomato, potato, egg plant family)
•Styracaceae [때죽나무과]
•Sterculiaceae [벽오동과]
•Tamaricaceae [위성류과]
•Tiliaceae [피나무과] (Basswood, linden family)
└·Tilia [피나무속]
└-·피나무 [linden tree, lime tree, bass; (학명) Tilia amurensis]: 부부애(夫婦愛, conjugal affection, married love)
•Urticaceae [쐐기풀과] (Nettle family)
•Verbenaceae [마편초과, 馬鞭草科] (Verbena family)
•Vochysiaceae [보키시아과]

Image: Bee(Apis mellifera) on cup plant(Silphium perfoliatum) | CC-PD | Date: 15 August 2010 | Author: Rillke | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Silphium_perfoliatum_and_Apis_mellifera_-_20110304.jpg

Image: Carniolan honey bee(Apis mellifera carnica) on an eastern purple coneflower(Echinacea purpurea) | CC-PD | Date: 15 August 2010 | Author: Rillke | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AD2009Aug08_Apis_mellifera_02.jpg

Image: Bee(Apis mellifera) on cup plant(Silphium perfoliatum) | CC-PD | Date: 15 August 2010 | Author: Rillke | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Silphium_perfoliatum_and_Apis_mellifera_-_20110304.jpg

Image: Carniolan honey bee(Apis mellifera carnica) on an eastern purple coneflower(Echinacea purpurea) | CC-PD | Date: 15 August 2010 | Author: Rillke | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AD2009Aug08_Apis_mellifera_02.jpg

[12/17] 호야 [Hoya]

[12/17] 호야 [Hoya]

학명(學名, Binomial name): Hoya
이명(理名): 옥접매, 玉蝶梅, 구란, 球蘭, wax plant, waxplant, waxvine, waxflower
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문(Magnoliophyta), 현화식물문(Anthophyta), 피자식물문(Angiospermae)
강(綱, Class): 쌍떡잎식물강, 쌍자엽식물강(Dicotyledoneae)
목(目, Order): 용담목(Gentianales)
과(科, Family): 박주가리과(Asclepiadaceae), 협죽도과(Apocynaceae)
속(屬, Genus): 호야속(Hoya)
종(種, Species): 옥접매(Hoya carnosa), 벨라(Hoya bella) 등
개화(開花, Florescence): 5월~9월; 미황색, 분홍색, 백색
열매: 7월, 삭과(蒴果)

꽃말: 인생의 출발(start of life); 행운(幸運, good fortune), 귀여운 사랑(cute love); 동감(同感, compathy)

중국에서는 구란(球蘭)이라고하는데 꽃이삭이 둥글고 잎이 난초과식물처럼 생겼기 때문이라고 합니다.

Image: Hoya carnosa | CC-PD | Date: 20 March 2017 | Author: Daderot | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hoya_carnosa_-_Marie_Selby_Botanical_Gardens_-_Sarasota,_Florida_-_DSC01027.jpg

Image: Hoya carnosa | CC-PD | Date: between 1880 and 1883 | Author: Francisco Manuel Blanco (O.S.A.) | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hoya_carnosa_Blanco2.402b.jpg

Image: Hoya | Unsplash | Date: Unknown | Author: Claud Richmond | Source: Unsplash | https://unsplash.com/photos/NrY0Y9UlBzI

Image: Hoya carnosa | CC-PD | Date: 20 March 2017 | Author: Daderot | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hoya_carnosa_-_Marie_Selby_Botanical_Gardens_-_Sarasota,_Florida_-_DSC01027.jpg

Image: Hoya carnosa | CC-PD | Date: between 1880 and 1883 | Author: Francisco Manuel Blanco (O.S.A.) | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hoya_carnosa_Blanco2.402b.jpg

Image: Hoya | Unsplash | Date: Unknown | Author: Claud Richmond | Source: Unsplash | https://unsplash.com/photos/NrY0Y9UlBzI