[11/21] 초롱꽃 [spotted bellflower; Campanula punctata]

[11/21] 초롱꽃 [spotted bellflower; Campanula punctata]

학명(學名, binomial name): Campanula punctata
이명(異名): 초롱꽃, 종꽃, spotted bellflower
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문, 피자식물문(Angiospermae), 현화식물문(Magnoliophyta, Anthophyta)
강(綱, Class): 쌍떡잎식물강(Dicotyledoneae)
목(目, Order): 초롱꽃목, 국화목(Asterales)
과(科, Family): 초롱꽃과(Campanulaceae), 도라지과
아과(亞科, Subfamily): 초롱꽃아과(Campanuloideae)
속(屬, Genus): 초롱꽃속(Campanula)
종(種, Species): Campanula punctata
개화: 6월~8월; 자주색, 황백색, 흰색, 연한홍자색
생활형: 다년생 초본

꽃말: 따뜻한 사랑(warm love), 변하지 않는다(remain unchanged), 상냥한 사랑(tender love), 만족(滿足, satisfaction), 감사(感謝, gratitude, appreciation); 성실(faithfulness), 충실(忠實, devotion), 정의(正義, justice), 열성에 감복(enthusiasm)

초롱같이 생겨서 초롱꽃이라고 합니다.

● 유사종

•초롱꽃속 [Campanula]
└·섬초롱꽃 [Campanula takesimana]: 울릉도, 독도에서 자라며 5~8월 꽃피는 여러해살이 식물. 줄기에 거의 털이 없이 매끈한 특성. 꽃은 줄기 끝과 잎겨드랑이에서 종 모양의 붉은 자줏빛의 꽃이 핌.
• Hanabusaya
└·금강초롱꽃 [diamond bluebell; Hanabusaya asiatca]: 중부 이북의 높은 산에서 자라며 8월~9월에 꽃피는 한국특산식물로 보호종. 한국특산종이나 일제강점기 Nakai가 발견하여 학계에 보고하며 학명을 당시 총독이었던 하나부사로 이름 붙여서 학명에 하나부사라고 되어 있음.

□ 신화, 전설

● 한국 전설

먼 옛날, 금강산 깊은 산골에 부모 없는 오누이가 살았다고 합니다. 어느 날 누나가 병에 걸리자 남동생은 약초를 찾아 산으로 떠났습니다. 동생이 밤늦게까지 돌아오지 않자 누나는 초롱불을 들고 동생을 찾아 길을 나섰다가 산중턱에 쓰러졌습니다. 이후 약을 구해 돌아오던 동생은 숨을 거둔 누나를 발견하였는데 죽은 누나 옆에는 초롱불을 닮은 한 송이 꽃이 피어 있었다고 합니다.

Image: Campanula punctata [spotted bellflower] | CC-PD | Date: 11 July 2018 | Author: Denver Botanic Gardens | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20180711_GGIGardens_WoodlandMosaic_DSCN0285.jpg

Image: Campanula punctata [spotted bellflower] | CC-PD | Date: 11 July 2018 | Author: Denver Botanic Gardens | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20180711_GGIGardens_WoodlandMosaic_DSCN0286.jpg

Image: Campanula punctata [spotted bellflower] | CC-PD | Date: 11 July 2018 | Author: Denver Botanic Gardens | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20180711_GGIGardens_WoodlandMosaic_DSCN0285.jpg

Image: Campanula punctata [spotted bellflower] | CC-PD | Date: 11 July 2018 | Author: Denver Botanic Gardens | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20180711_GGIGardens_WoodlandMosaic_DSCN0286.jpg

[11/20] 바이퍼스버그로스 [Viper's bugloss, 에치움; Echium vulgare]

[11/20] 바이퍼스버그로스 [Viper's bugloss, 에치움; Echium vulgare]

학명(學名, binomial name): Echium vulgare
이명: 에치움, viper's bugloss, blueweed
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문, 현화식물문(Magnoliophyta), 피자식물문(Angiospermae)
강(綱, Class): 쌍떡잎식물강(Dicotyledoneae), 목련강(Magnoliopsida)
목(目, Order): Boraginales
과(科, Family): 지치과(Boraginaceae)
속(屬, Genus): Echium
종(種, Species): Echium vulgare

꽃말: 진실(truth)

속명의 Echium은 살무사를 뜻하는 그리스어 echis에서 왔으며, 영어명에 있는 viper도 독사를 의미하는 단어입니다.

이러한 이름은 식물의 줄기와 꽃의 모양이 살무사의 머리처럼 보인 데서 유래한다고 하며, 옛날부터 독사에게 물렸을 때 치료약으로 쓰였기 때문이라고도 합니다.

Image: Echium vulgare [Viper's bugloss] | CC-PD | Date: 15 October 2017 | Author: AnRo0002 | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20171015Echium_vulgare2.jpg

Image: Echium vulgare [Viper's bugloss] | CC-PD | Date: 15 October 2017 | Author: AnRo0002 | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20171015Echium_vulgare3.jpg

Image: Echium vulgare [Viper's bugloss] | CC-PD | Date: 25 June 2015 | Author: yamatsu | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E3%82%A8%E3%82%AD%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AC_(Echium_vulgare)_(19011183390).jpg

Image: Echium vulgare [Viper's bugloss] | CC-PD | Date: 15 October 2017 | Author: AnRo0002 | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20171015Echium_vulgare2.jpg

Image: Echium vulgare [Viper's bugloss] | CC-PD | Date: 15 October 2017 | Author: AnRo0002 | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20171015Echium_vulgare3.jpg

Image: Echium vulgare [Viper's bugloss] | CC-PD | Date: 25 June 2015 | Author: yamatsu | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E3%82%A8%E3%82%AD%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AC_(Echium_vulgare)_(19011183390).jpg

[11/20] 뷰글라스 [common bugloss, alkanet; Anchusa officinalis]

[11/20] 뷰글라스 [common bugloss, alkanet; Anchusa officinalis]

학명(學名, binomial name): Anchusa officinalis
이명: 뷰글라스, common bugloss, alkanet
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문, 현화식물문(Magnoliophyta), 피자식물문(Angiospermae)
강(綱, Class): 쌍떡잎식물강(Dicotyledoneae), 목련강(Magnoliopsida)
목(目, Order): Boraginales
과(科, Family): 지치과(Boraginaceae)
속(屬, Genus): Anchusa
종(種, Species): Anchusa officinalis

꽃말: 진실(truth)

Image: Anchusa officinalis [common bugloss, alkanet] | CC-PD | Date: 10 August 2006 | Author: Jonas Bergsten | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anchusa_officinalis_20060810_001.jpg

Image: Anchusa officinalis [common bugloss, alkanet] | CC-PD | Date: 16 June 2006 | Author: Me | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anchusa_officinalis_16-06-2006_19.44.06.JPG

Image: Anchusa officinalis [common bugloss, alkanet] | CC-PD | Date: 10 August 2006 | Author: Jonas Bergsten | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anchusa_officinalis_20060810_001.jpg

Image: Anchusa officinalis [common bugloss, alkanet] | CC-PD | Date: 16 June 2006 | Author: Me | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anchusa_officinalis_16-06-2006_19.44.06.JPG

[11/19] 범의귀(풀) [Aaron's Beard; Saxifraga]

[11/19] 범의귀(풀) [Aaron's Beard; Saxifraga]

학명(學名, Binomial name): Saxifraga
이명(異名): Aaron's Beard, rockfoils
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문, 피자식물문(Angiospermae), 현화식물문(Anthophyta)
강(綱, Class): 쌍떡잎식물강, 쌍자엽식물강(Anthophyta, Dicotyledoneae)
목(目, Order): 장미목(Rosales), 범의귀목(鹿耳草目, Saxifragales)
과(科, Family): 범의귀과(Saxifragaceae)
속(屬, Genus): 범의귀속(Saxifraga)
종(種, Species): Saxifraga furumii 등 440종
개화(開花, Florescence): 7월∼8월; 흰색

꽃말: 절실한 애정(earnest affection); 비밀(secret) | 개화 7∼8월; 흰색 | 02/08, 11/09

속명인 Saxifraga는 라틴어로 바위 또는 돌(rock or stone)을 의미하는 saxum에 깨다(to break)라는 의미의  frangere를 합한 말로 바위를 깨는 자(stone-breaker)라는 의미를 지닙니다. 실제 바위를 깨는 식물이라기 보다, 신장결석(kidney stones, urinary calculi)에 효능이 있다고 믿어져 왔기때문에 붙여진 이름이라고 합니다.

아론의 수염은 구약성경 시편에서 유래합니다.

[순례의 노래. 다윗] 보라, 얼마나 좋고 얼마나 즐거운가, 형제들이 함께 사는 것이! 머리 위의 좋은 기름 같아라. 수염 위로, 아론의 수염 위로 흘러내리는, 그의 옷깃 위에 흘러내리는 기름 같아라. [시편 133,1-2]

A song of ascents. Of David. How good it is, how pleasant, where the people dwell as one! Like precious ointment on the head, running down upon the beard, Upon the beard of Aaron, upon the collar of his robe. [Psalm(Ps) 133,1-2]

아론의 수염이라고 불리는 식물은 범의귀(Saxifraga) 외에도 여러 봉류가 있습니다.

•Aaron's Beard
└·Cymbalaria
└-·Cymbalaria muralis [ivy-leaved toadflax, Kenilworth ivy, coliseum ivy, Oxford ivy, mother of thousands, pennywort, wandering sailor]
└·Hypericum
└-·Hypericum calycinum [Rose-of-Sharon, Aaron's beard, great St-John's wort, creeping St. John's wort, Jerusalem star]
└·Opuntia
└-·Opuntia leucotricha [arborescent pricklypear, Aaron's beard cactus, semaphore cactus]
└·Saxifraga
└-·Saxifraga stolonifera [creeping saxifrage, strawberry saxifrage, creeping rockfoil, Aaron's beard, mother of thousands, roving sailor, wandering Jew, strawberry begonia, strawberry geranium]

Image: Saxifraga stolonifera [Aaron's Beard] in the United States Botanic Garden, Washington, DC, USA | CC-PD | Date: 24 April 2013 | Author: Daderot | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saxifraga_stolonifera_-_United_States_Botanic_Garden_-_DSC09506.JPG

Image: Saxifraga stolonifera [Aaron's Beard] in Taga, Shiga | CC-PD | Date: 4 June 2011 | Author: Alpsdake | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saxifraga_stolonifera_in_Taga_Shiga_2011-06-04.jpg

Image: Saxifraga stolonifera [Aaron's Beard] in the United States Botanic Garden, Washington, DC, USA | CC-PD | Date: 24 April 2013 | Author: Daderot | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saxifraga_stolonifera_-_United_States_Botanic_Garden_-_DSC09506.JPG

Image: Saxifraga stolonifera [Aaron's Beard] in Taga, Shiga | CC-PD | Date: 4 June 2011 | Author: Alpsdake | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Saxifraga_stolonifera_in_Taga_Shiga_2011-06-04.jpg

[11/18] 산나리 [golden-banded lily, goldband lily; Lilium auratum]

[11/18] 산나리 [golden-banded lily, goldband lily; Lilium auratum]

학명(學名, binomial name): Lilium auratum
이명: 山百合, mountain lily, golden-banded lily, goldband lily, golden rayed lily
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문, 현화식물문(Magnoliophyta), 피자식물문(Angiospermae)
강(綱, Class): 외떡잎식물강(Monocotyledon)
목(目, Order): 백합목(Liliales)
과(科, Family): 백합과(Liliaceae)
속(屬, Genus): 나리속(Lilium)
종(種, Species): Lilium auratum
개화: 6월~7월; 흰색에 적갈색 반점
생활형: 여러해살이풀

꽃말: 순결(純潔, purity, virginity)

일본 고유의 종으로 주로 산지에서 자랍니다. 꽃은 흰색 바탕에 적갈색 반점이 있는데 향기가 짙습니다.

Image: Lilium auratum [golden-banded lily, goldband lily, 산나리] | CC-PD | Date: 9 July 2003 | Author: Poposhka at English Wikipedia | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Japanese_lily-hires.JPG

Image: Lilium auratum [golden-banded lily, goldband lily, 산나리] | CC-PD | Date: 7 July 2018 | Author: Tangopaso | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jardins_%C3%A0_la_fran%C3%A7aise_du_Grand_Trianon_-_Lys.jpg

Image: Lilium auratum | CC-PD | Date: 1871 | Author: John Frederick Lewis (1805–1876) | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Frederick_Lewis_003.jpg

Image: Lilium auratum [golden-banded lily, goldband lily, 산나리] | CC-PD | Date: 9 July 2003 | Author: Poposhka at English Wikipedia | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Japanese_lily-hires.JPG

Image: Lilium auratum [golden-banded lily, goldband lily, 산나리] | CC-PD | Date: 7 July 2018 | Author: Tangopaso | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jardins_%C3%A0_la_fran%C3%A7aise_du_Grand_Trianon_-_Lys.jpg

Image: Lilium auratum | CC-PD | Date: 1871 | Author: John Frederick Lewis (1805–1876) | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Frederick_Lewis_003.jpg

[11/17] 머위 [butterbur, giant butterbur, great butterbur, coltsfoot; Petasites japonicus]

[11/17] 머위 [butterbur, giant butterbur, great butterbur, coltsfoot; Petasites japonicus]

학명(學名, binomial name): Petasites japonicus
이명: 머우, 머구, 머웃대, butterbur, giant butterbur, great butterbur, sweet-coltsfoot
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문, 현화식물문(Magnoliophyta), 피자식물문(Angiospermae)
강(綱, Class): 쌍떡잎식물강(Dicotyledoneae), 목련강(Magnoliopsida)
목(目, Order): 초롱꽃목, 국화목(Asterales)
과(科, Family): 국화과(Compositae, Asteraceae)
속(屬, Genus): 머위속(Petasites)
종(種, Species): Petasites japonicus
생활형: 여러해살이풀
개화: 4월~5월

꽃말: 공평(公平, fairness), 공평성(justice)

Image: Petasites japonicus [butterbur, 머위] | CC-PD | Date: 16 May 2010 | Author: Vihljun | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Petasites_japonicus_Russia.JPG

Image: Petasites japonicus [butterbur, 머위] | CC-PD | Date: 16 May 2010 | Author: Vihljun | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Petasites_japonicus_Russia_4.JPG

Image: Petasites japonicus [butterbur, 머위] | CC-PD | Date: 16 May 2010 | Author: Vihljun | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Petasites_japonicus_Russia.JPG

Image: Petasites japonicus [butterbur, 머위] | CC-PD | Date: 16 May 2010 | Author: Vihljun | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Petasites_japonicus_Russia_4.JPG

[11/16] 크리스마스 로즈 [Christmas rose, black hellebore; Helleborus niger]

[11/16] 크리스마스 로즈 [Christmas rose, black hellebore; Helleborus niger]

학명(學名, binomial name): Helleborus niger
이명: Christmas rose, black hellebore
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문, 현화식물문(Magnoliophyta), 피자식물문(Angiospermae)
강(綱, Class): 쌍떡잎식물강(Dicotyledoneae), 목련강(Magnoliopsida)
목(目, Order):  미나리아재비목(Ranunculales)
과(科, Family): 미나리아재비과(Ranunculaceae)
속(屬, Genus): Helleborus
종(種, Species): Helleborus niger
개화: 12월~2월
생활형: 여러해살이풀

꽃말: 추억(memory); 나의 불안을 진정시켜줘요(to allay my anxious fears)

종소명 niger는 검정색(black)을 뜻하며, 뿌리색 때문에 붙여진 것으로 추정됩니다.

영어명 크리스마스 로즈는 크리스마스가 있는 겨울철에 피는 특성과 들장미를 닮은 모습에서 유래하는 것으로 보입니다. 이름에도 로즈가 붙어있고, 모습도 들장미를 닮았으나 장미과(Rosaceae; rose family)가 아닌 미나리아재비과(Ranunculaceae; buttercup family)에 속합니다.

Image: Helleborus niger [Christmas rose, black hellebore] | CC-PD | Date: 8 April 2015 | Author: Nicolas Weghaupt | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Helleborus_niger3.JPG

Image: Helleborus niger [Christmas rose, black hellebore] | CC-PD | Date: 15 April 2018 | Author: Nicolas Weghaupt | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Helleborus_niger_Anthese.jpg

Image: Helleborus niger [Christmas rose, black hellebore] | CC-PD | Date: 15 April 2018 | Author: Nicolas Weghaupt | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Helleborus_niger_Anthese_01.jpg

Image: Helleborus niger [Christmas rose, black hellebore] | CC-PD | Date: 8 April 2015 | Author: Nicolas Weghaupt | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Helleborus_niger3.JPG

Image: Helleborus niger [Christmas rose, black hellebore] | CC-PD | Date: 15 April 2018 | Author: Nicolas Weghaupt | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Helleborus_niger_Anthese.jpg

Image: Helleborus niger [Christmas rose, black hellebore] | CC-PD | Date: 15 April 2018 | Author: Nicolas Weghaupt | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Helleborus_niger_Anthese_01.jpg

[11/15; 네팔 달력 일곱 번째 달의 초승달이 뜨는 날] 매리골드 [Marigold; Tagetes]

[11/15; 네팔 달력 일곱 번째 달의 초승달이 뜨는 날] 매리골드 [Marigold; Tagetes]

학명(學名, binomial name): Tagetes
이명: Marigold
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문, 피자식물문(Angiospermae), 현화식물문(Magnoliophyta)
강(綱, Class): 쌍떡잎식물강, 쌍자엽식물강(Dicotyledoneae)
목(目, Order): 국화목(Asterales)
과(科, Family): 국화과(Compositae, Asteraceae)
속(屬, Genus): 천수국속(Tagetes)
종(種, Species): Tagetes erecta 등

꽃말: 이별의 슬픔(the wrench of parting), 가련한 애정 (poor love); 따뜻함(warmth), 맹렬(fierceness); 우아(elegance), 헌신(devotion); 사람의 마음을 끄는 품위(winning grace), 보호(protection), 안락(comfort), 치유(healing), 사랑스러움(lovableness); 고통과 슬픔(pain and grief)

Image: Tagetes erecta [Marigold] | Date: 16 December 2016 | Author: Judgefloro | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:01873jfTagetes_erecta_French_Marigoldfvf_07.jpg

Image: Tagetes erecta [African Marigold] | Date: 28 February 2013 | Author: Luke | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:African_marigold_tagetes_erecta.jpg

Image: Tagetes erecta [African Marigold] | Date: 2 May 2007 | Author: Neelix at English Wikipedia | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tagetes_2.jpg

Image: Tagetes erecta [African Marigold] | Date: 25 April 2009 | Author: Neelix at English Wikipedia | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tagetes_patula_4.jpg

Image: Tagetes erecta [Marigold] | Date: 16 December 2016 | Author: Judgefloro | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:01873jfTagetes_erecta_French_Marigoldfvf_07.jpg

Image: Tagetes erecta [African Marigold] | Date: 28 February 2013 | Author: Luke | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:African_marigold_tagetes_erecta.jpg

Image: Tagetes erecta [African Marigold] | Date: 2 May 2007 | Author: Neelix at English Wikipedia | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tagetes_2.jpg

Image: Tagetes erecta [African Marigold] | Date: 25 April 2009 | Author: Neelix at English Wikipedia | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tagetes_patula_4.jpg

[11/15] 황금싸리버섯 [Ramaria aurea]

[11/15] 황금싸리버섯 [Ramaria aurea]

학명(學名, binomial name): Ramaria aurea (Schaeff.) Quél.
이명:
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 담자균문(Basidiomycota)
강(綱, Class): 진정담자균강(Eubasidiomycetes), 담자균강(Agaricomycetes)
목(目, Order): 민주름버섯목(Aphyllophorales), 나팔버섯목(Gomphales)
과(科, Family): 싸리버섯과, 나팔버섯과(Gomphaceae)
속(屬, Genus): 싸리버섯속(Ramaria)
종(種, Species): Ramaria aurea

꽃말: 겸손(謙遜, modesty), 겸허(謙虛, humbleness)

예전에는 식용도 하였다고 하나, 식용하면 설사를 하기 때문에 독균으로 분류합니다.

Image: Ramaria aurea | CC-PD | Date: 1932 | Author: Giacomo Bresadola | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bresadola-Clavaria_aurea_Schaeff.png

Image: Ramaria aurea | CC-PD | Date: 25 August 2005 | Author: Andrejk~commonswiki assumed | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ramaria_Aurea.JPG

Image: Ramaria aurea | CC-PD | Date: 1932 | Author: Giacomo Bresadola | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bresadola-Clavaria_aurea_Schaeff.png

Image: Ramaria aurea | CC-PD | Date: 25 August 2005 | Author: Andrejk~commonswiki assumed | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ramaria_Aurea.JPG

[11/15] 왕관갈퀴나물 [crownvetch; Securigera varia]

[11/15] 왕관갈퀴나물 [crownvetch; Securigera varia]

학명(學名, binomial name): Securigera varia(syc. Coronilla varia)
이명: 왕관나비나물,크라운뱃지,황금싸리,왕관벳지, crownvetch, crown vetch, purple crown vetch
계(界, Kingdom): 식물계(Plantae)
문(門, Division): 속씨식물문, 현화식물문(Magnoliophyta), 피자식물문(Angiospermae)
강(綱, Class): 쌍떡잎식물강(Dicotyledoneae), 목련강(Magnoliopsida)
목(目, Order): 장미목(薔薇目, Rosales), 콩목(Fabales)
과(科, Family): 콩과(Fabaceae)
속(屬, Genus): 왕관갈퀴나물속(Securigera)
종(種, Species): Securigera varia
개화: 5월~8월; 연한 홍자색, 담홍색

꽃말: 겸손(謙遜, modesty), 겸허(謙虛, humbleness)

속명인 Securigera는 그리스어의 도끼(securis)와 만들다(gere)의 합성어로 꽃의 모양이 도끼를 연상시킨다고 해서 유래되었다고 합니다. 왕관갈퀴나물이라는 한글명은 둥글게 모여 핀 모습이 왕관 같고 갈퀴나물 종류라는 뜻입니다.

Image: Securigera varia [syc. Coronilla varia; crownvetch] in Highland Park, Pittsburgh | CC-PD | Date: 20 June 2014 | Author: Cbaile19 | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Securigera_varia_2014-06-20_Highland_Park.jpg

Image: Securigera varia [syc. Coronilla varia; crownvetch] | CC-PD | Date: October 2015 | Author: Hubi47 | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Securigera_varia_im_W%C3%BCerital.jpg

Image: Securigera varia [syc. Coronilla varia; crownvetch] | CC-PD | Date: 21 June 2014 | Author: Аимаина хикари | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Securigera_varia_Kiev2.JPG

Image: Securigera varia [syc. Coronilla varia; crownvetch] in Highland Park, Pittsburgh | CC-PD | Date: 20 June 2014 | Author: Cbaile19 | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Securigera_varia_2014-06-20_Highland_Park.jpg

Image: Securigera varia [syc. Coronilla varia; crownvetch] | CC-PD | Date: October 2015 | Author: Hubi47 | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Securigera_varia_im_W%C3%BCerital.jpg

Image: Securigera varia [syc. Coronilla varia; crownvetch] | CC-PD | Date: 21 June 2014 | Author: Аимаина хикари | Source: Wikimedia Commons in the public domain (CC-PD) | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Securigera_varia_Kiev2.JPG

Plant symbolism (B)

Plant symbolism (B)

[B]
• Baby blue eyes [Nemophila, 네모필라]: Patriotism, consideration for family | Florescence: April~May; sky-blue, azure, white | 02/21
Baby's breath: Innocence, purity of heart
•Baccharis [baccharises, brooms]: Pioneer; richness | 11/29
└·Baccharis dracunculifolia
Bachelor button: Single blessedness, celibacy
Balm: Social intercourse or sympathy
•Balsam: Ardent love; chastity; Please don't touch me; cleanliness; riches and honors; tender-hearted, childlike nature
└·By Color
└-·Balsam (Red): Please don't touch me
└·By Species
└-·Impatiens balsamina [garden balsam, rose balsam, 봉선화]
└-·Impatiens capensis [orange jewelweed, orange balsam, common jewelweed, spotted jewelweed]
Balsamine: Impatience
•Bamboo [대나무, 竹; Bambusoideae]: Patience, endurance, creation, chastity, fidelity; winter, integrity, constancy, upright
•Bambusoideae [대나무아과; bamboo, 대나무, 竹]: Patience, endurance, creation, chastity, fidelity; winter, integrity, constancy, upright
└·Bambusa [대나무속; bamboo, 대나무, 竹]
•Barley [보리; (Species) Hordeum vulgare]: Unanimity; prosperity, universality | Flower: Apri~May | 02/28

•Barnardia [무릇속]: strong self-control

└·Barnardia japonica [syn. Scilla scilloides; Chinese squill, 무릇]: strong self-control

•Basil [great basil, sweet basil, 바질; Ocimum basilicum]: great hope, small hope, blessing; I hate you, hatred
•Bassia [syn. Kochia, 댑싸리속: smotherweed]: modesty, humbleness, pure, elegant, nice-looking beauty
└·Bassia scoparia [syn. Kochia scoparia; burningbush, ragweed, summer cypress, mock-cypress, kochia, belvedere, Mexican firebrush, Mexican fireweed, broom cypress, 댑싸리]
•Bay [laurel, 월계수, 月桂樹; (Species) Laurus nobilis]: Honor; ambition, success, renown | Florescence: March~May; yellow | 02/16
└·Baywreath [laurel wreath, 월계관]: Glory, reward for wisdom
•Bean [콩]: Destined happiness; fruitful love, small satisfaction | 03/17
└·Glycine [콩속]
└··Glycine max [soybean, 대두, 大豆]
└··Glycine soja [wild soybean, 돌콩, 쥐눈이콩]
└·Arachis [땅콩속]
└··Arachis hypogaea [peanut, groundnut, 땅콩]
└·Cicer [키케르속]
└··Cicer arietinum [chick pea, 병아리콩, 이집트콩]
└·Lens [렌즈콩속]
└··Lens culinaris [lentil bean, 렌즈콩, 렌틸콩]
└·Phaseolus [강낭콩속, 파세오루스속]
└··Phaseolus ganularis [adsuki bean, あずき, 아주끼빈, 小豆]
└··Phaseolus vulgaris [kidney bean, 강낭콩, 大福豆]
└·Pisum [완두속]: happy marriage, fecundity, joy of future
└-·Pisum sativum [pea, garden bean, 완두, 豌豆]
└·Vigna [동부속]
└··Vigna angularis [red bean, 팥]
└··Vigna radiata [mung bean, 녹두, 綠豆]
└··Vigna unguiculata [cowpea, 동부, 豇豆, 강두]: Destined happiness
•Bee plant [honey plant, 밀원식물]: compathy, beginning of life

​•Beech [Fagus, 너도밤나무속]: Prosperity
•Begonia [베고니아속; begonia]: beware, fanciful nature; mismatch, incongruity; kindness, polite, courteous; very middle; secret crush, I love you
└·Begonia grandis [begonia, hardy begonia, 베고니아]
└·Begonia rex [rex begonia, 렉스베고니아]: mismatch, incongruity, secret crush
•Begoniaceae [베고니아과]
└·Begonia [베고니아속; begonia]: beware, fanciful nature; mismatch, incongruity; kindness, polite, courteous; very middle; secret crush, I love you
•Bellflower [Campanulaceae, 도라지과, 초롱꽃과]: Unwavering Love
└·Campanula [초롱꽃속; bellflower]: Gratitude, appreciation; faithfulness, devotion, justice, enthusiasm; warm love, remain unchanged, tender love, satisfaction | 07/10, 11/21
└-·Campanula americana [American bellflower]
└-·Campanula isophylla [캄파눌라 이소필라; Italian bellflower, star of Bethlehem, falling stars, trailing campanula]
└-·Campanula medium [Canterbery bell, bell flower]
└-·Campanula punctata [spotted bellflower, 초롱꽃] | 07/10, 11/21
└-·Campanula takesimana [Korean bellflower, 섬초롱꽃] | 10/25
└·Platycodon [도라지속]: Kind and warm; elegance, warm affection, hope, undying love, unchanging love, faithfulness, docility
└-·Platycodon grandiflorus [Chinese bellflower, 도라지]
└·Codonopsis [더덕속; codonopsis]: faithfulness, gratitude
└-·Codonopsis lanceolata [deodeok, lance Asiabell, bonnet bellflower, 더덕]
•Bells of Ireland: Luck
•Berberidaceae [매자나무과; barberry family]
└·Berberis [매자나무속; barberry]: particularity, priggery
•Berberis [매자나무속; barberry]: particularity, priggery
└·Berberis amurensis [Amur barberry, 매발톱나무]
└·Berberis koreana [Korean barberry; 매자나무]
•Berchemia [망개나무속]: fun, mischief; full of vitality
└·Berchemia berchemiaefolia [망개나무]: fun, mischief; full of vitality
└·Berchemia floribunda [paniculous supplejack]
└-· Berchemia racomosa var. magna [large-leaf paniculous supplejack; 먹넌출]: full of vitality
•Bergenia [돌부채속; elephant-ear, elephant-eared saxifrage, elephant’s ears]: adaptation, accommodation, patience, endurance
└·Bergenia coreana [Korean elephant-ear, 돌부채]

•Bidens [도깨비바늘속; beggarticks, black jack, burr marigolds, cobbler's pegs, Spanish needles, stickseeds, tickseeds, tickseed sunflowers]: excitement

└·Bidens bipinnata [Spanish needle, 도깨비바늘]

└·Bidens frondosa [devil's beggarticks, devil's-pitchfork, devil's bootjack, sticktights, bur marigold, pitchfork weed, tickseed sunflower, leafy beggarticks, common beggar-ticks, 미국가막사리]: ripe love

└·Bidens tripartita [three-lobe beggartick, three-part beggarticks, leafy-bracted beggarticks, trifid bur-marigold, 가막사리]: insist, persist, charms, winsomeness

•Bignoniaceae [능소화과; trumpet creeper family]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Campsis [능소화속, 凌霄花屬; trumpet creeper, trumpet vine]: woman, honor, glory, wait, longing
•Bird foot [bird's foot, crow's foot]
└·Cardamine
└-·Cardamine concatenata [cutleaf toothwort, crow's toes, pepper root, purple-flowered toothwort]
└·Eleusine
└-·Eleusine indica [bird's foot grass, Indian goosegrass, yard-grass, goosegrass, wiregrass, crowfootgrass]
└·Viola
└-·Viola pedata [bird's foot violet, birdfoot violet, crowfoot violet]
└-·Viola pedatifida [prairie violet, prairie birdfoot violet]
└·Ranunculus [미나리아재비속; buttercups, spearworts, water crowfoots, crowfoot, 미나리아재비, 라넌큘러스]: Riches; charm, fascination; criticism, criticize; innocence; beautiful personality | Florescence: April~July | 01/20, 02/18, 03/02, 05/02
└-·Ranunculus abortivus [littleleaf buttercup, small-flower crowfoot, small-flowered buttercup, kidneyleaf buttercup]
└-·Ranunculus aquatilis [common water-crowfoot, white water-crowfoot]
└-·Ranunculus arvensis [corn buttercup, devil-on-all-sides, scratch bur]
└-·Ranunculus asiaticus [Persian buttercup]
└-·Ranunculus pedatifidus [birdfoot buttercup]: Until we meet again | 07/08
└·Ornithopus [bird's-foot]
└-·Ornithopus perpusillus [little white bird's foot]
└-·Ornithopus pinnatus [orange bird's foot]
└-·Ornithopus sativus [serradella, common bird's foot]
Ornithopus perpusillus—little white bird's foot
└·Lotus
└-·Lotus corniculatus [common bird's-foot trefoil, eggs and bacon, birdsfoot deervetch, bird's-foot trefoil]
└·Artemisia
└-·Artemisia pedatifida [birdfoot sagebrush, matted sagewort]
Bird of paradise flower: Liberty, magnificence, good perspective, faithfulness (given by a man to a woman)
극락조화 [bird of paradise flower]: 신비(영생불락)
Bird's-foot trefoil: Revenge
긴잎아카시아 [boobialla, Acacia longiflora, golden wattle]: 우정
•Bittercress [황새냉이; (Species) Cardamine flexuosa]: Dedicated to you; flexibility | Florescence: March~May; White | 02/03, 03/07
•Black poplar [검은 포플라, (Species) Populus nigra]: Courage | Florescence: March~April | 01/28
Borage: Courage
•Boraginaceae [지치과; borage family, forget-me-not family]
└·Trigonotis [꽃마리속]: my happiness, I don't want to be forgotten
•Boston fern [보스톤고사리; (Species) Nephrolepis exaltata]: Captivation; protection
•Boston ivy [담쟁이덩굴, grape ivy; Parthenocissus tricuspidata]: Dependence, endurance, faithfulness; friendship; gorgeous magnetism | Florescence: June~August | 01/21
•Box [boxwood, 회양목, 淮陽木; Buxus]: Constancy; bear and forbear, patience | Florescence: March~May | 01/10
•Brachyscome [브라키스코메속]: clear, elegant, highbrow, radiant heart
└·Brachyscome angustifolia [사계소국]
└·Brachyscome chrysoglossa [yellow-tongue daisy]
└·Brachyscome iberidifolia [swan river daisy, 스완리버데이지]
•Bracken [고사리; (Genus) Pteridium]: Miracle, temptation

•Bracteantha [syn. Xerochrysum; 밀짚꽃속]: always remember, no more sorrow, everlasting sadness

└·Bracteantha bracteata [syn. Xerochrysum bracteatum; straw flower, 밀짚꽃]: always remember, no more sorrow, everlasting sadness

•Brassica [배추속]: Cheerful, cheery, merry

└·Brassica juncea [brown mustard, 갓, 겨자]: Indifference | 09/08
└·Brassica napus [유채, rapeseed, 油菜]: cheerfulness, gaiety
└·Brassica oleracea: Blessing, bless, profit, instructive, edifying
└-·Brassica oleracea var. botrytis [cauliflower, 콜리플라워, 꽃양배추]
└-·Brassica oleracea var. italica [broccoli, 브로콜리, 녹색꽃양배추]
└·Brassica rapa [배추]
•Brassicaceae [Cruciferae, 배추과, 겨자과, 십자화과, 十字花科; mustard family, cabbage family, mustards, crucifers]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Brassica [배추속]: cheerful, cheery, merry
└·Cardamine [syn. Dentaria, 황새냉이속; bittercress, bitter-cress, toothworts]: Dedicated to you; flexibility
└·Diplotaxis [모래냉이속; wall-rocket]: I give my everything, devotion, dedication
└·Lepidium [다닥냉이속; peppercress, peppergrass, pepperwort]: I’ll give you my all, devotion; energy, stamina
└·Lunaria [루나리아속; honesty]: honesty, truthfulness
└·Thlaspi [말냉이속]: I will give everything to you

•Brier [briar, briar rose, wild rose, 들장미]

└·Baby brier [Rosa multiflora; wild rosebush, 찔레나무, 찔레꽃, (북한) 들장미]: Solitude, cautious love, longing for family, to be careful
└·Sweet brier [Rosa rubiginosa; sweetbriar rose, eglantine]: Love, mildness, in a beauty's sleep, simplicity
└-·Sweet brier (yellow): Falling out of love
•Briza [방울새풀속; quaking grass]: Excitement | 09/22
└·Briza minor [lesser quaking-grass, little quakinggrass, 방울새풀]
•Broccoli [Brassica oleracea var. italica; 브로콜리, 녹색꽃양배추]: Blessing, bless, profit, instructive, edifying
•Broom: Humility
└·Genisteae [broom, lupine, lupin, gorse, laburnum]
└-·Argyrocytisus
└--·Argyrocytisus battandieri [Atlas broom, Moroccan broom]
└-·Chamaecytisus
└--·Chamaecytisus purpureus [purple broom]
└-·Cytisus
└--·Cytisus procumbens [dwarf broom]
└--·Cytisus purgans [Provence broom]
└--·Cytisus scoparius [common broom, scotch broom, 금작화]: Humility, pure and elegant; love for all people, philanthropic | 03/30, 04/08
└--·Cytisus ×kewensis [Kew broom]
└--·Cytisus ×praecox [Warminster broom]
└-·Genista
└--·Genista monspessulana [French broom]
└-·Spartium
└--·Spartium junceum [Spanish broom]
└·Astereae [참취족, 개미취족]
└-·Baccharis [baccharises, brooms]: Pioneer; richness | 11/29
•Broussonetia [닥나무속]: Information, record
└·Broussonetia kazinoki [paper mulberry, 닥나무]
└·Broussonetia papyrifera [syn. Morus papyrifera; paper mulberry]
•Brucea
└·Brucea javanica [syc. Rhus javanica; 아담자]: Religious belief | 11/27
•Brugmansia
└·Brugmansia suaveolens [Brazil's white angel trumpet, angel's tears, snowy angel’s trumpet, 천사의나팔꽃]: angel's tears; cure, heal | white, pink
•Bryonia [브리오니아속]: Refusal, rejection, selection | 11/03
└·Bryonia alba [white bryony, wild hop]
•Bryophyte [moss, lichen, 이끼, 苔]: Maternal love; tenacious vitality | 01/22, 01/29, 08/10, 12/02
Bulrush [cattail [reed mace, 부들, (Binomial name) Typha orientalis]: Docility, obeisance; courage, vigor | Florescence: June~July, yellow | 01/23
•Bugloss [Boraginaceae, 지치과, borage family]: Truth | 11/20
└·Barrelier's bugloss [Anchusa barrelieri]
└·Bugloss [small bugloss; Anchusa arvensis]
└·Bugloss fiddleneck [Amsinckia lycopsoides]
└·Common bugloss [alkanet, 뷰글라스; Anchusa officinalis]
└·Cretan viper's bugloss [Echium creticum]
└·Dyers' bugloss [Alcanna tinctoria]
└·Giant viper's bugloss [Echium pininana]
└·Italian Bugloss [Anchusa azurea]
└·Purple viper's bugloss [Echium plantagineum]
└·Siberian bugloss [Brunnera macrophylla]
└·Mount Teide bugloss [Echium wildpretii]
└·Viper's bugloss [바이퍼스버그로스, 에치움; Echium vulgare]
•Bumblebee Orchid: Industry
•Bupleurum [시호속]: root, basis, basics, fundamentals
└·Bupleurum euphorbioides [big-bract hare’s ear, 등대시호]: luck, good fortune, the sorrows of youth
└·Bupleurum falcatum [sickle-leaved hare's-ear, Chinese thoroughwax, sickle hare's ear, sickle-leaf hare's ear, 시호]
•Buttercup [crowfoot, 미나리아재비, 라넌큘러스; Ranunculus, 미나리아재비속]: riches; charm, fascination; criticism, criticize; innocence; beautiful personality | Florescence: May~July | 01/20, 02/18, 03/02, 05/02
└·Ranunculus abortivus [littleleaf buttercup, small-flower crowfoot, small-flowered buttercup, kidneyleaf buttercup]
└·Ranunculus acaulis [dune buttercup, sand buttercup, shore buttercup]
└·Ranunculus aconitifolius [aconite-leaf buttercup, bachelor's buttons]
└·Ranunculus acris [meadow buttercup, tall buttercup, common buttercup, giant buttercup]
└·Ranunculus alismifolius [plantainleaf buttercup]
└·Ranunculus andersonii [Anderson's buttercup]
└·Ranunculus eschscholtzii [Eschscholtz's buttercup]
└·Ranunculus pedatifidus [birdfoot buttercup, surefoot buttercup, northern buttercup]: Until we meet again | 07/08

Plant symbolism (A)

Plant symbolism (A)

[A]
•Aaron's Beard: Earnest affection; secret | Florescence: July~August; white | 02/03, 11/09
└·Cymbalaria
└-·Cymbalaria muralis [ivy-leaved toadflax, Kenilworth ivy, coliseum ivy, Oxford ivy, mother of thousands, pennywort, wandering sailor]
└·Hypericum
└-·Hypericum calycinum [Rose-of-Sharon, Aaron's beard, great St-John's wort, creeping St. John's wort, Jerusalem star]
└·Opuntia
└-·Opuntia leucotricha [arborescent pricklypear, Aaron's beard cactus, semaphore cactus]
└·Saxifraga
└-·Saxifraga stolonifera [creeping saxifrage, strawberry saxifrage, creeping rockfoil, Aaron's beard, mother of thousands, roving sailor, wandering Jew, strawberry begonia, strawberry geranium]
•Abelia [댕강나무속 → Zabelia(자벨리아속)]: peace
└·Abelia mosanensis [syn. Zabelia tyaihyonii; Maengsan abelia, fragrant abelia, 댕강나무]

•Abeliophyllum [미선나무속; miseonnamu, Korean abeliophyllum, white forsythia, Korean abelialeaf]: All sorrow will be healed

└·Abeliophyllum distichum [미선나무]: All sorrow will be healed

•Abies [fir]
└·Abies balsamea [balsam fir]
└·Abies concolor [white fir]
└·Abies holophylla [needle fir, 전나무]: Elegance, sublimity, honesty, promotion | 10/07
└·Abies koreana [Korean fir, 구상나무]: Spirit, backbone
•Abutilon [Indian mallow, stamp weed, velvetleaf, China jute, 어저귀]: speculation, conjecture | Florescence: July~September | 01/18
•Acacia [wattles, acacias, 아카시아]: Secret love
└·Acacia cultriformis [knife-leaf wattle, dogtooth wattle, half-moon wattle, golden-glow wattle, knife acacia, 삼각잎아카시아]: Beautiful, pretty, lovely, nice
└·Acacia longifolia [long-leaved wattle, acacia trinervis, aroma doble, golden wattle, coast wattle, sallow wattle, Sydney golden wattle; 긴잎아카시아]: Friendship
•Acalypha [깨풀속; copperleaf, three-seeded mercury]: The key to happiness; pitiful, pathetic
└·Acalypha australis [Asian copperleaf, 깨풀]
•Acanthaceae [쥐꼬리망초과; Acanthus family]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Avicennia [아비세니아속]
└-·Avicennia germinans [아비세니아 저미난; 검은 맹그로브, black mangrove]
•Acanthus [아칸서스]: Art; revenge
•Acer [단풍나무속; maple]: Control, fear, worry; refusal, seclusion | 10/03, 10/25
└·Acer palmatum [maple, palmate maple, 단풍나무]
└·Acer pictum [yellow-paint maple, 털고로쇠나무]
└-·Acer pictum subsp. mono [mono maple, painted maple, gorosoe, 고로쇠나무]: Eternal happiness
└·Acer pseudosieboldianum [Korean maple, purplebloom maple, 당단풍]
•Aceraceae [단풍나무과; maple family]
└·Acer [단풍나무속; maple]: Control, fear, worry; refusal, seclusion | 10/03, 10/25
•Achillea [톱풀속]
└·Achillea millefolium [yarrow, 서양톱풀]: Guidance; map | 11/26
•Acis [snowflake, 스노플레이크]: Virgin love, beauty | 12/19
└·Acis autumnalis [autumn snowflake]
└·Acis rosea [rose snowflake]
•Aconitum [투구꽃속, 바꽃속; aconite, monkshood, wolf's bane, leopard's bane, mousebane, women's bane, devil's helmet, queen of poisons, blue rocket]: Shining beautifully; misanthropy; opening night; Don't touch me
└·Aconitum albo-violaceum [줄바꽃]
└·Aconitum ambiguum [민바꽃]
└·Aconitum austrokoreense [세뿔투구꽃]
└·Aconitum barbatum [Siberian monk’shood, 노랑투구꽃]: Opening night; mistress of the night, queen of the night
└·Aconitum chiisanense [지리바꽃]
└·Aconitum ciliare [놋젓가락나물]
└·Aconitum coreanum [Korean monk's hood, Korean monkshood, 노랑돌쩌귀, 백부자]
└·Aconitum flagellare [바꽃]
└·Aconitum jaluense [투구꽃]
└·Aconitum kusnezoffii [이삭바꽃]
└·Aconitum macrorhynchum [가는돌쩌귀]
└·Aconitum monanthum [Alpine monk's hood, 각시투구꽃]: warrior's hat
└·Aconitum pseudolaeve [진범]
└·Aconitum raddeanum [선줄바꽃]
└·Aconitum sczukinii [넓은잎초오]
└·Aconitum sibiricum [노랑투구꽃]: Opening night; mistress of the night, queen of the night
└·Aconitum umbrosum [선투구꽃]
└·Aconitum volubile [가는줄돌쩌귀]
•Aconite [부자, 附子, 바꽃]: Misanthropy; shining beautifully | 07/19
•Acorus
└·Acorus calamus[sweet-flag, calamus, 창포]: To drive off evil spirits, good fortune, love; respect, mysterious person | [KR] 05/05 Lunar
•Actinidia [다래나무속, actinidia, kiwi]: Deep love, profound affection, sweet
└·Actinidia arguta [hardy kiwi, 다래]
•Actinidiaceae [다래나무과; Chinese gooseberry family, Kiwi family]
└·Actinidia [다래나무속, actinidia, kiwi]: Deep love, profound affection, sweet
•Adenocaulon [멸가치속; trailplant]: I defer all things to you, I leave everything to you
└·Adenocaulon himalaicum [Asian trailplant, 멸가치]
•Adiantum [공작고사리속; walking fern, maidenhair fern, 아디안툼, 아디안텀]: Lovable character, person who should be careful; Secrecy; mirth | 04/07
└·Adiantum pedatum [northern maidenhair, five-fingered fern, 공작고사리]
•Adina [구슬꽃나무속]
└·Adina rubella [glossy adina, 구슬꽃나무]: rarity, rare and precious
•Adonis [복수초, 福壽草; (Genus) Adonis amurensis]: Painful reminiscence
└·Adonis (red) [(Genus) Adonis annua]: Memory | 02/26
└·Adonis (yellow) [(Genus) Adonis amurensis]: Eternal happiness, perpetual bliss | 04/06
•Adoxaceae [연복초과; moschatel family ← Caprifoliaceae(인동과)]
└·Sambucus [딱총나무속; elder, elderberry]: Compassion | 07/25
└·Viburnum [덜꿩나무속]: hesitation, indecision
•Aerides [cat's-tail orchids, fox brush orchids]: Patience
└·Aerides japonica [나도풍란, 대엽풍란]
•Aesculus [칠엽수속; buckeye, horse chestnut]: romance, passion, ardor, luxury, extravagance, plushness
└·Aesculus hippocastanum [가시칠엽수, marronnier, horse-chestnut, conker tree]: one's natural talents, genius, wizard
└·Aesculus turbinata [Japanese horse-chestnut, 칠엽수]
•African daisy [아프리칸데이지]: mystery, mystic, insoluble puzzle; energy, vitality, recovery, restoration, happiness, bliss
└·Arctotis
└·Dimorphotheca
└·Gazania
└·Gerbera: mystery, mystic, insoluble puzzle
└·Lonas
└·Osteospermum: energy, vitality, recovery, restoration, happiness, bliss
•African Marigold [Tagetes erecta, 천수국, 千壽菊]: Warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07; Tihar festival
•Agavaceae [용설란과; Agave family]: compathy, beginning of life

•Agave [용설란속]: delicacy, fineness

└·Agave angustifolia [Caribbean agave, 무늬카리브용설란]: delicacy, fineness

•Agavoideae [용설란과 → Asparagaceae(아스파라거스과, 비짜루과)]
└·Dracaena [용혈수속]: good fortune, lucky break; perform promise
•Ageratum [등골나물아재비속; whiteweed]: your trust; eternal youth, viridity
└·Ageratum houstonianum [flossflower, bluemink, blueweed, pussy foot, Mexican paintbrush, Mexican ageratum, 불로화]: your trust; eternal youth, viridity
•Agrimonia [짚신나물속; agrimony]: thankfulness, gratitude, appreciation, repaying a kindness | 08/21
└·Agrimonia eupatoria [common agrimony, church steeples, sticklewort, 등골짚신나물]: hesitation | 11/06
└·Agrimonia pilosa [hairy agrimony, 짚신나물]
•Ailanthus [tree of the gods, tree of heaven]
└·Ailanthus altissima [tree of heaven, ailanthus, varnish tree, 가죽나무, 가중나무, 假僧木]: False charge
•Aizoaceae [석류풀과, 번행초과; fig marigold family; ice plants, carpet weeds]: exploit, patriotism | 11/05, 12/11
└·Cleretum [클레레툼속]: hope, wish [← Dorotheanthus(도로테안터스속)]
└·Dorotheanthus [도로테안터스속]: hope, wish [→ Cleretum(클레레툼속)]
​•Ajuga [조개나물속; bugleweed, ground pine, carpet bugle, bugle]
└·Ajuga decumbens [pink-flower bugle, decumbent bugle, 내장금란초]: True love, sacrifice
•Akebia [으름덩굴속]: talent
└·Akebia quinata [chocolate vine, five-leaf chocolate vine, five-leaved akebia, アケビ, 으름덩굴]
•Alangiaceae [박쥐나무과 → Cornaceae (층층나무과, 산수유나무과)]
└·Alangium [박쥐나무속]: Wealth, riches
•Alangium [박쥐나무속]: Wealth, riches
└·Alangium platanifolium [palmate-leaf alangium; 단풍박쥐나무]: Wealth, riches
•Alcea [hollyhock]: Torrid love affair, passionate love; simpleness, safety; simple love, coquettish love; fecundity, abundance, aspiration, peace | 06/23, 08/18
└·Alcea ficifolia [Antwerp hollyhock]
└·Alcea rosea [common hollyhock, 접시꽃]
└·Alcea setosa [bristly hollyhock]
•Alchemilla [알케밀라속; lady's mantle]: light, gleam, selfless love, devoted love, first love
└·Alchemilla vulgaris [lady's mantle, common lady's mantle, 알케밀라]
•Alismataceae [택사과; water-plantains]
└·Caldesia [둥근잎택사속; caldesia]: faith, religious belief
└·Sagittaria [보풀속; arrowhead, duck potato, katniss, Omodaka, swamp potato, tule potato, wapato, wapatoo]: trust, faith
•Allium [알리움, 부추속]: infinite sorrow
└·Allium longistylum [riverside chive, 강부추]: Taoist hermit with miraculous powers; fresh
└·Allium senescens [aging chive, German garlic, broadleaf chives, 두메부추]: good memory
└·Allium tuberosum [garlic chives, 부추]
•Allspice [올스파이스]
└·Calycanthus
└-·Calycanthus floridus [Carolina allspice, 자주받침꽃, sweet shrub]: Tendresse | 12/30
└·Chimonanthus
└-·Chimonanthus praecox [Japanese allspice, 납매]: Tendresse | 12/30
└·Pimenta
└-·Pimenta dioica [Allspice, 올스파이스, 百味胡椒]
└·Lindera
└-·Lindera benzoin [wild allspice, 벤조인생강나무]
•Almond [아몬드; (Species) Prunus dulcis, Prunus amygdalus]: Promise, true love, imperishable love; expectation, hope; chastity, richness; (Frnace) happy marriage | Florescence: April~May; pale pink, white | 03/14, 04/01
•Alnus [alder]
└·Alnus glutinosa [common alder, black alder, European alder, just alder]
└·Alnus japonica [alder tree, 오리나무]: Grandeur; consolation | 12/16
•Aloe [알로에]: Grief, anguish, pathos, bitterness, deep sadness, sorrow, sadness, health, fitness, omnipotence, being almighty, superstition; flowers and leave
└·Aloe vera: Eternal health
•Alopecurus [뚝새풀속; foxtail, foxtail grass]: a good frame of mind
└·Alopecurus aequalis [short-awn foxtail grass, shortawn foxtail, orange foxtail, 뚝새풀]
•Aloysia [알로이시아, 레몬버베나속; beebrushes]: patience
└·Aloysia citrodora [syn. Aloysia triphylla; lemon verbena, lemon beebrush, 레몬버베나]: patience| 11/13
•Alstroemeriaceae [알스트로에메리아과]: compathy, beginning of life
•Althaea
└·Althaea officinalis [marsh-mallow, 마시멜로, 양아욱]
└·Althaea rosea [→ Alcea rosea; hollyhock, 접시꽃]: Torrid love affair, passionate love; simpleness, safety; simple love, coquettish love; fecundity, abundance, aspiration, peace | 06/23, 08/18
•Alyssum maritimum [Lobularia maritima, sweet alyssum, , sweet alison, alyssum; 스위트알리섬, 향기알리섬]: Striking good looks, stunning beauty | Florescence: April | Florescence: March~October | 01/12
•Amaranth (Globe) [천일홍, 千日紅]: Immortal love, unchangeability, fascination
•Amaranth [아마란스]: Immortality
•Amaranthaceae [아마란타케아이, 비름과 ← Chenopodiaceae(명아주과)]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Amaranthus [비름속; amaranth]
└·Bassia [syn. Kochia, 댑싸리속: smotherweed]: modesty, humbleness, pure, elegant, nice-looking beauty
└·Celosia [맨드라미속; woolflowers, cockscombs]: emotion, sentiment; appraisal, valuation; grudge, animosity; foppery, coxcombry, blind love, foolish passion, mystery, eternal life, undying love, health, fitness, burning love, torrid love
└·Chenopodium [명아주속; goosefoot]: untruth, falsehood, trick, deception
•Amaranthus [비름속; amaranth]
└·Amaranthus blitum [purple amaranth, Guernsey pigweed, 개비름]: Affection, foppery
└·Amaranthus cruentus [blood amaranth, red amaranth, purple amaranth, prince's feather, Mexican grain amaranth, 선줄맨드라미]: emotion, sentiment; appraisal, valuation; grudge, animosity; foppery, coxcombry, blind love, foolish passion, mystery, eternal life, undying love, health, fitness, burning love, torrid love
└·Amaranthus lividus [개비름]: Affection, foppery
└·Amaranthus tricolor [Joseph's coat, 색비름]: Affection | 09/28
•Amaryllidaceae [수선화과, 水仙花科]
└·Allium [알리움, 부추속]: infinite sorrow
└·Amaryllis [아마릴리스속; amaryllis, 아마릴리스]: Boast, talkative person, delicate beauty, artificial, silence | Easter
└·Lycoris [상사화속; hurricane lilies or cluster amaryllis]: hopeless love
└·Narcissus [수선화속; 수선화, 水仙花, daffodil]: Sweetness, self-esteem, vanity, dignity, self-respect, self-love; unrequited love; mystery, noble-mindedness, selfishness | Florescence: December~May | [US] December | 01/13, 03/01
•Amaryllis [아마릴리스]: Boast, talkative person, delicate beauty, artificial, silence | Easter
└·Amaryllis [아마릴리스속; amaryllis, 아마릴리스]
└·Hippeastrum [히피아스트럼속]
•Amaryllis [아마릴리스속; amaryllis, 아마릴리스]: Boast, talkative person, delicate beauty, artificial, silence | Easter
└·Amaryllis belladonna [Jersey lily, belladonna-lily, naked-lady-lily, March lily]
└·Amaryllis paradisicola
•Ambrosia [돼지풀속]: Happy relationship, glow of love; eternal life, immortality | 12/05
└·Ambrosia artemisiifolia [돼지풀]
•Anacardiaceae [아나카르디아케아이, 옻나무과; cashew family, sumac family]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Mangifera: a sincere heart, sincerity
•Anagallis [pimpernel; 뚜껑별꽃속]: abstraction; reminiscences, recollection
└·Anagallis arvensis [scarlet pimpernel, blue-scarlet pimpernel, red pimpernel, red chickweed, poor man's barometer, poor man's weather-glass, shepherd's weather glass, shepherd's clock, 뚜껑별꽃]
•Ananas [파인애플속]
└·Ananas comosus [pineapple, 파인애플]: Absolute perfection | 12/20
•Anaphalis [다복떡쑥속; pearl, pearly everlasting]
└·Anaphalis sinica [Alpine pearly everlasting, 구름떡쑥]: Pureness, genuineness
•Anchusa: Truth | 11/20
└·Anchusa arvensis [bugloss, small bugloss]
└·Anchusa azurea [Italian bugloss]
└·Anchusa barrelieri [Barrelier's bugloss]
└·Anchusa officinalis [common bugloss, alkanet, 뷰글라스]
•Adenophora [잔대속; ladybells]: undying love, eternal love
└·Adenophora grandiflora [big-flower ladybell, 도라지모시대]
•Androsace [봄맞이꽃속; rock jasmine, fairy candelabras]: to prepare for spring, murmur of spring, voices of spring
└·Androsace cortusifolia [Geumgang rockjasmine, 금강봄맞이]: to celebrate spring
└·Androsace septentrionalis [pygmyflower rockjasmine, pygmy-flower rock-jasmine, northern rockjasmine, Northern fairy candelabra; 명천봄맞이]: to prepare for spring, murmur of spring, voices of spring
└·Androsace umbellata [봄맞이]: to prepare for spring, murmur of spring, voices of spring
•Anemone [바람꽃속; anemone, wind flower, 아네모네]: forsaken, loneliness, sickness (negative), futile love, hopeless love, agony of love, abandonment, betrayal; wait; anticipation, undying love, expectation; poetry; Thank you for standing by my side, I'm ready to sacrifice everything for your love, I will love you forever, I love you even if you don't love me
└·Color
└-·Anemone (purple): I trust you
└-·Anemone (red): I love you | 04/04
└-·Anemone (white): Expectation, hope
└·Species
└-·Anemone amurensis [amur anemone, 들바람꽃]: wait
└-·Anemone narcissiflora [narcissus anemone, narcissus-flowered anemone, 바람꽃]: agony of love
•Angelica
└·Angelica polymorpha [Polymorphic angelica, cnidium, 궁궁이]: Noble-mindedness; longing
•Angel's tears [천사의 눈물]: angel's tears; cure, heal
└·Brugmansia suaveolens [Brazil's white angel trumpet, angel's tears, snowy angel’s trumpet, 천사의나팔꽃]: white, pink
└·Narcissus triandrus [angel's tears, 트리안드러스 수선]: cream, yellow
└·Soleirolia soleirolii [baby's tears, angel's tears, bits and pieces, bread and cheese, Corsican creeper, Corsican curse, friendship plant, helxine, mind-your-own-business, mother of thousands, paddy's wig, pollyanna vine, Irish moss, 또래기]
Angrec: Royalty
•Antennaria [백두산떡쑥속; catsfoot, cat's-foot, pussytoes, everlasting]: everlasting, eternity, unchangeability
└·Antennaria dioica [mountain everlasting, stoloniferous pussytoes, catsfoot, cudweed, 백두산떡쑥]
└·Antennaria rosea [syn. Leontopodium leontopodioides; Northern edelweiss, rosy pussytoes, 들떡쑥]: truthful ideas
•Anthurium [안투리움속; anthurium, tailflower, flamingo flower, laceleaf, 안수리움]: hospitality, happiness, abundance; lovelorn, lovesick | 08/25
└·Anthurium acaule [안투리움]
└·Anthurium andraeanum [flamingo lily, common anthurium, 홍학꽃, 꽃부채]: anguish, agony, feel strange
└·Anthurium crystallinum [크리스탈안투리움]: Thank you for your kindness
•Antirrhinum [금어초속]
└·Antirrhinum majus [snapdragon, 금어초, 金魚草]: Desire; talkative person, to obtrude; arrogance, haughtiness, greed | 07/02
•Apiaceae [Umbelliferae, 미나리과, 산형과, 傘形科; celery, carrot, parsley family, umbellifers]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Bupleurum [시호속]: root, basis, basics, fundamentals
└·Cicuta [독미나리속; cowbane, poison parsnip, water hemlock]: no regret for death
└·Conium [독당근속, 나도독미나리속; poison hemlock]: no regret for death
└·Daucus [당근속]: I wouldn't spare even my own life for you
•Apocynaceae [협죽도과, 夾竹桃科; dogbane family]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Catharanthus [일일초속; periwinkles]: friendship; pleasant memory, I am reminded of a joyful occasion, I remember a good thing; I love you | 02/24, 04/10
└·Trachelospermum [마삭줄속; Star Jasmine, Confederate Jasmine]: white smile
└·Tylophora [왜박주가리속]: far journey
•Apple tree: Temptation; fame, wisdom, success, honor, glory
└·Apple blossom: Preference
└·Apple (fruit): Poison, poison chalice; [Korea] Apology
•Apple mint [애플민트; (Species) Mentha]: Virtue, I'd like to love again | Florescence: July~September
•Apricot [살구(나무), 杏子; Prunus armeniaca]: Lady's shyness, virgin's bashfulness; doubt | Florescence: April; orange | 02/23, 10/02
•Aquifoliaceae [감탕나무과; holly]: domestic happiness, peace; sweetness, self-esteem, vanity; foresight; compathy, beginning of life | 12/25
└·Ilex [감탕나무속; holly, 호랑가시나무, 홀리]
•Aquilegia [매발톱속; granny's bonnet, columbine]: the emblem of deceived lovers, ingratitude, faithlessness; vow of victory | 05/14
└·Aquilegia buergariana [columbine, 매발톱]
└-·Aquilegia buergeriana var. oxysepala [columbine, Oriental columbine; 매발톱]
└·Aquilegia vulgaris [common columbine, European columbine, granny's nightcap]
└·Aquilegia elegantula [Western red columbine]
•Araceae [아라케아이, 천남성과, 天南星科; arum family, aroids]
└·Anthurium [안투리움속; anthurium, tailflower, flamingo flower, laceleaf, 안수리움]: hospitality, happiness, abundance; lovelorn, lovesick | 08/25
└·Arisaema [아리사에마, 천남성속]: protection, preservation, secret, confidence, dazzlement, bewilderment, woman's vengeance
└·Lysichiton [리시키톤속; skunk cabbage, swamp lantern]: beautiful memory
•Aralia [두릅나무속; spikenard]: plaintive, sorrowful, sacrifice
└-·Aralia cordata [spikenard, herbal aralia, mountain asparagus, 땅두릅]: beauty, beautiful woman, plaintive, sorrowful
└·Aralia elata [Korean angelica tree, 두릅나무]
•Araliaceae [두릅나무과; aralia family, ivy family]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Hedera [송악속; ivy]: trust, friendship
└·Aralia [두릅나무속; spikenard]: plaintive, sorrowful, sacrifice
Arborvitae [측백나무, 側柏, (Genus) Thuja]: Everlasting friendship, solid friendship; health, prayer | Florescence: April | 01/11
Arbutus: You are the only one I love
•Arctium [burdock]: Please don't bother me; upright person
└·Arctium lappa [greater burdock, edible burdock, 우엉]
Ardisia crenata(백량금): 덕있는 사람, 부, 재산
•Arecaceae [syn. Palmae, 종려과, 椶櫚科, 야자과, 椰子科; palm family, palms, palm trees]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Trachycarpus [당종려속]: Victory
•Argusia [모래지치속; sea rosemary]: key to happiness; poor, pitiable; girl on an island, island girl
​└·Argusia sibirica [모래지치]
•Argyranthemum [아르기란테뭄속; marguerite, marguerite daisy, dill daisy]: love in mind; freedom, liberty; truelove, prophecy, prediction, foretell somebody's love, unveil a secret | 09/03
└·Argyranthemum frutescens [syn. Chrysanthemum frutescens; marguerite, marguerite daisy, Paris daisy, 마가렛데이지]
•Arisaema [아리사에마, 천남성속]: protection, preservation, secret, confidence, dazzlement, bewilderment, woman's vengeance
└·Arisaema erubescens
└-·Arisaema amurense Maximowicz var. serratum Nakai [dragon arum, reddish Jack-in-the-pulpit, 천남성]
└·Arisaema heterophyllum [아리사에마 헤테로필룸; diverse-leaf jack-in-the-pulpit, 두루미천남성]: Bad luck often brings good luck, good out of evil, protection, preservation, secret, confidence, dazzlement, bewilderment
•Aristata: The owner of beauty | 05/19
└·Agromyza aristata
└·Arachniodes aristata [아라크니오데스 아리스타타= Rumohra aristata; 가는쇠고사리]
└·Aristaloe aristata [← Aloe aristata, 알로에 아리스타타; 세엽목립로회알로에, guinea-fowl aloe, lace aloe]
└·Berberis aristata
└·Brassia aristata
└·Chaetacme aristata
└·Clematis aristata
└·Cyathea aristata
└·Dactylorhiza aristata [= Orchis aristata; 손바닥나비난초, keyflower]
└·Gaillardia aristata
└·Garcinia aristata
└·Hypoestes aristata [히포에스테스 아리스타타]
└·Melica aristata
└·Miersiella aristata
└·Moraea aristata
└·Orchis aristata [오르키스 아리스타타(= Dactylorhiza aristata); 손바닥나비난초, keyflower]
└·Pinus aristata [피누스 아리스타타; 브리슬콘소나무, Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine, Colorado bristlecone pine]
└·Plantago aristata
└·Potamochloa aristata
└·Protea aristata
└·Pouteria aristata
└·Quercus aristata
└·Salvia aristata
└·Thelymitra aristata
└·Vigna aristata
•Armeria [아르메리아, thrift, sea pink, cliff rose]: Consideratio, sympathy, pitifulness, docility; Worry, show solicitude for | Florescence: April~May | 02/29
•Arrowhead: trust, hidden maternal love | 10/22
└·Sagittaria [보풀속; arrowhead, duck potato, katniss, Omodaka, swamp potato, tule potato, wapato, wapatoo]: trust, faith
└-·Sagittaria sagittifolia [arrowhead, 소귀나물]
└-·Sagittaria trifolia [threeleaf arrowhead, Chinese arrowhead, 벗풀]
└·Nephthytis
└-·Nephthytis swainei
└·Syngonium [nephthytis, arrowhead vine, 싱고늄]
└-·Syngonium podophyllum [arrowhead plant, arrowhead vine, arrowhead philodendron, goosefoot, African evergreen, American evergreen]
•Artemisia [아르테미시아, 쑥속, 향쑥속; mugwort, wormwood, sagebrush]: peace
└·Artemisia absinthium [wormwood, 향쑥]: Absence, bitterness of parting and love; peace | 07/26
└·Artemisia leucophylla [Myeongcheon wormwood, 명천쑥]: peace
└·Artemisia schmidtiana [silvermound]: Longing for, desire for
•Arum: Faith, purity
•Aruncus [눈개승마속]: Goat beard, goatee
└·Aruncus dioicus [goat's beard, goatsbeard, buck's-beard, bride's feathers]
└-·Aruncus dioicus var. aethusifolius (H.Lév.) H.Hara [Korean goatsbeard]
└-·Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (Maxim.) H.Hara [Kamchatka goatsbeard, 눈개승마]
•Asarum [족도리풀속; wild ginger]
└·Asarum patens [spreading wildginger, 금오족도리풀]: The affection of a mother and daughter | Flower: April~May
•Asclepiadaceae [박주가리과; milkweed family → Apocynaceae(협죽도과)]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Cynanchum [백미꽃속]: I want to stay with you
└·Tylophora [왜박주가리속]: far journey
•Asclepias
└·Asclepias incarnata [swamp milkweed, rose milkweed, rose milkflower, swamp silkweed, white Indian hemp, 아스클레피아스]: Destiny | 10/20
•Asparagaceae [아스파라거스과, 비짜루과] [← Liliaceae(백합과)]
└·Dracaena [용혈수속]: good fortune, lucky break; perform promise
└·Liriope [lilyturf, monkey grass, spider grass, 맥문동속]: patience, endurance, modesty, humility, a series of joys
└·Maianthemum [두루미꽃속; false lily of the valley, Mayflower]: splendor, extravagance, whim, caprice
└·Ophiopogon [맥문아재비속; lilyturf, ophiopogon]: purebred; obedience, submission
└·Polygonatum [둥굴레속; King Solomon's-seal, Solomon’s seal]: dignified service
└·Rohdea [만년청속]: inheritance; mother's instinctive love
•Asparagus [아스파라거스]
└·Asparagus officinalis [아스파라거스, 멸대, 열대]: Simpleness, unchangeability, changelessness, steady mind, eternal happiness | 03/18
└·Asparagus sprengeri [아스파라거스 스프렌게리]: to remain unchnged
•Asphodel: I am yours, My regret follows you to the grave | 07/11
└·Asphodelus [asphodel]
└-·Asphodelus aestivus [summer asphodel]
└-·Asphodelus albus [white asphodel]
└-·Asphodelus ramosus [branched asphodel]
└·Asphodeline
└-·Asphodeline lutea [king's spear, yellow asphodel]
└·Narthecium
└-·Narthecium ossifragum [bog asphodel, Lancashire asphodel, bastard asphodel]
└-·Narthecium americanum [yellow asphodel, bog asphodel]
•Asphodelaceae [아스포델루스과 ← Xanthorrhoeaceae(크산토로이아과)]
└·Phormium [마오란속, 뉴질랜드삼속]: Novelty, originality, memory, recollection
•Asphodelus [아스포델루스]: I am yours, My regret follows you to the grave | 07/11
•Asplenium [꼬리고사리속]
└·Asplenium scolopendrium [hart's-tongue fern, 골고사리]: Comfort in truth | 11/04
•Aster [참취속, 개미취속]: patience, daintiness, remembrance, longing; deep emotional love, affection, love, magic, talisman of love, trust | Florescence: July~October | [UK, US] September
└·Aster altaicus [Danyang aster, 단양쑥부쟁이]: Negligence, laziness; exploit; patriotism | 07/01, 11/05, 12/11
└·Aster amellus [European Michaelmas daisy, Italian aster]: Farewell, departure
└·Aster hayatae [Korean montane aster, 눈개쑥부쟁이]: Praise, compliment
└·Aster spathulifolius [haeguk, Dokdo haeguk, seashore spatulate aster, Dokdo seashore spatulate aster, 해국, 독도해국]: wait
└·Aster tataricus [Tatarinow's aster, 개미취, 자완, 紫菀]: Remembrance, longing; patience, daintiness; deep emotional love, affection, love, magic, talisman of love, trust
└·Aster tripolium [syn. Aster pannonicus, syn. Tripolium pannonicum; Michaelmas daisy, 미카엘데이지, 갯개미취]: memory | 09/09, 09/29
•Asteraceae [아스테라케아이, Compositae, 국화과, 菊花科; aster, daisy, composite, sunflower family]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Adenocaulon [멸가치속; trailplant]: I defer all things to you, I leave everything to you
└·Ageratum [등골나물아재비속; whiteweed]: your trust; eternal youth, viridity
└·Ambrosia [돼지풀속]: Happy relationship, glow of love; eternal life, immortality | 12/05
└·Antennaria [백두산떡쑥속; catsfoot, cat's-foot, pussytoes, everlasting]: everlasting, eternity, unchangeability
└·Argyranthemum [아르기란테뭄속; marguerite, marguerite daisy, dill daisy]: love in mind; freedom, liberty; truelove, prophecy, prediction, foretell somebody's love, unveil a secret | 09/03
└·Artemisia [아르테미시아, 쑥속, 향쑥속; mugwort, wormwood, sagebrush]: peace
└·Aster [참취속, 개미취속]: Patience, daintiness, remembrance, longing; deep emotional love, affection, love, magic, talisman of love, trust | Florescence: July~October | [UK, US] September
└·Bellis [벨리스속]: Hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity
└·Bidens [도깨비바늘속; beggarticks, black jack, burr marigolds, cobbler's pegs, Spanish needles, stickseeds, tickseeds, tickseed sunflowers]: excitement
└·Brachyscome [브라키스코메속]: clear, elegant, highbrow, radiant heart
└·Carpesium [담배풀속; carpesium]: feelings, mood
└·Chrysanthemum [국화속, 菊花屬; mums, chrysanths]
└·Cirsium [엉겅퀴속; thistle]: nobility, warning; independence; strictness, austerity, Don’t touch me; loner, sobriety
└·Conyza [망초속]: reconciliation, rapprochement, conciliation; It makes people close to each other happy, and people far away come closer [→ Erigeron(개망초속)]
└·Coreopsis [금계국속, 기생초속; calliopsis, tickseed]: always cheerful, good frame of mind; competitive spirit | 04/13
└·Cosmos [코스모스속; cosmos]: Girl's pure love, shy girl, love, affection; harmony, balance; mysterious phenomenon; artificial flower; condolence flowers; honor
└·Dahlia [달리아속, 다알리아속; dahlia]: Elegance and dignity; splendor, passion, instability; gratitude; I'm glad to know your mind; passion, ardor | 09/15
└·Echinacea
└-·Echinacea purpurea [eastern purple coneflower, hedgehog coneflower, purple coneflower]
└·Echinops [절굿대속; globe thistles]: guard, alert; boundary, border
└·Erigeron [개망초속; fleabane]: reconciliation
└·Eupatorium [등골나물속; boneset, snakeroot, thoroughwort]: hesitation, indecision
└·Gerbera [거베라속]: mystery, mystic, insoluble puzzle
└·Glebionis [글에비오니스속]: fresh love
└·Gnaphalium [그나팔리움, 왜떡쑥속; cudweeds]: truth, truthful ideas; I love only you; child's shyness
└·Helianthus [해바라기속; sunflower]: Pure and lofty thoughts, adoration, affection and longing, waiting, longing, worship; wish, brilliance, belief, will, faith; pride; false wealth, fake gold coin | 07/06, 08/15
└·Helipterum
└·Inula [금불초속]: tragic love, disappointed love
└·Ismelia [이스멜리아속]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity
└·Leontopodium [솜다리속]: precious memories, noble love
└·Leucanthemum [레우칸테뭄속]: endurance, pureness, peace
└·Liatris [리아트리스속; blazing star]: expectation, anticipation; insist, persist, obstinate person, stubborn person, obstinacy, stubbornness; noble-mindedness, noble character
└·Melampodium [멜람포디움속]: Hope, peace; purity, pure heart; genuine, sincere
└·Osteospermum [오스테오스페르뭄속; daisybushes, African daisy, 아프리칸데이지]: energy, vitality, recovery, restoration, happiness, bliss
└·Petasites [머위속; butterbur]: fairness, justice
└·Pseudognaphalium [프세우도그나팔리움, 떡쑥속; cudweeds, rabbit tobacco]: truth, truthful ideas; I love only you; child's shyness
└·Rhodanthe [로단테속; sunray, pink paper daisy]: remain permanently, everlasting, timeless, eternal love
└·Rhodanthemum [syn. Chrysanthemopsis, Pyrethropsis, 로단테뭄속; Moroccan daisy]: chastity, fidelity
└·Rudbeckia [루드베키아속; coneflowers, black-eyed-susans]: justice, righteousness; definition, define; eternal happiness, perpetual bliss
└·Scorzonera [쇠채속]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness
└·Silphium
└-·Silphium perfoliatum [cup plant, cup-plant]
└·Taraxacum [민들레속]
└Tagetes [타게테스, 천수국속, 千壽菊屬]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07
└·Tithonia [멕시코해바라기속]: worship, waiting
└·Tragopogon [쇠채아재비속]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness
└·Verbesina [나래가막사리속; crownbeard]: Fully ripened love
└·Wedelia [creepingoxeye, wedelia, 갯금불초속]: freshness
└·Xanthium [cocklebur, 도꼬마리속]: insist, persist, charms, winsomeness
•Astilbe [노루오줌속; false goat’s beard, false spirea]: Embarrassment
└·Astilbe chinensis [false goat’s beard, tall false-buck's-beard, Chinese astilbe, 노루오줌]
•Astragalus [자운영, 紫雲英]: My happiness; your generous love; influence | Florescence: April~June | 03/03, 04/18
•Aucuba [식나무속]: Do not copy me, young and beautiful
└·Aucuba japonica [spotted laurel, Japanese laurel, Japanese aucuba, gold dust plant, 식나무]: Do not copy me, young and beautiful
└-· Aucuba japonica f. variegata [금식나무]
금사철 [Euonymus, Euonymus japonicus, Aureo Variegata]: 변화없다.
•Avena [귀리속; oat]
└·Avena fatua [common wild oat; 메귀리]: music-lover | 09/25
└·Avena sativa [oat, common oat, 귀리]
Azalea: Take care, temperance, fragile, gratitude, passion, Chinese symbols of womanhood

Plant symbolism (in alphabetical order)

Plant symbolism (in alphabetical order)

Plant symbolism 

[A]

•Aaron's Beard: Earnest affection; secret | Florescence: July~August; white | 02/03, 11/09

└·Cymbalaria

└-·Cymbalaria muralis [ivy-leaved toadflax, Kenilworth ivy, coliseum ivy, Oxford ivy, mother of thousands, pennywort, wandering sailor]

└·Hypericum

└-·Hypericum calycinum [Rose-of-Sharon, Aaron's beard, great St-John's wort, creeping St. John's wort, Jerusalem star]

└·Opuntia

└-·Opuntia leucotricha [arborescent pricklypear, Aaron's beard cactus, semaphore cactus]

└·Saxifraga

└-·Saxifraga stolonifera [creeping saxifrage, strawberry saxifrage, creeping rockfoil, Aaron's beard, mother of thousands, roving sailor, wandering Jew, strawberry begonia, strawberry geranium]

•Abelia [댕강나무속 → Zabelia(자벨리아속)]: peace

└·Abelia mosanensis [syn. Zabelia tyaihyonii; Maengsan abelia, fragrant abelia, 댕강나무]

•Abeliophyllum [미선나무속; miseonnamu, Korean abeliophyllum, white forsythia, Korean abelialeaf]: All sorrow will be healed

└·Abeliophyllum distichum [미선나무]: All sorrow will be healed

•Abies [fir]

└·Abies balsamea [balsam fir]

└·Abies concolor [white fir]

└·Abies holophylla [needle fir, 전나무]: Elegance, sublimity, honesty, promotion | 10/07

└·Abies koreana [Korean fir, 구상나무]: Spirit, backbone

•Abutilon [Indian mallow, stamp weed, velvetleaf, China jute, 어저귀]: speculation, conjecture | Florescence: July~September | 01/18

•Acacia [wattles, acacias, 아카시아]: Secret love

└·Acacia cultriformis [knife-leaf wattle, dogtooth wattle, half-moon wattle, golden-glow wattle, knife acacia, 삼각잎아카시아]: Beautiful, pretty, lovely, nice

└·Acacia longifolia [long-leaved wattle, acacia trinervis, aroma doble, golden wattle, coast wattle, sallow wattle, Sydney golden wattle; 긴잎아카시아]: Friendship

•Acalypha [깨풀속; copperleaf, three-seeded mercury]: The key to happiness; pitiful, pathetic 

└·Acalypha australis [Asian copperleaf, 깨풀] 

•Acanthaceae [쥐꼬리망초과; Acanthus family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Avicennia [아비세니아속]

└-·Avicennia germinans [아비세니아 저미난; 검은 맹그로브, black mangrove]

•Acanthus [아칸서스]: Art; revenge

•Acer [단풍나무속; maple]: Control, fear, worry; refusal, seclusion | 10/03, 10/25

└·Acer palmatum [maple, palmate maple, 단풍나무]

└·Acer pictum [yellow-paint maple, 털고로쇠나무]

└-·Acer pictum subsp. mono [mono maple, painted maple, gorosoe, 고로쇠나무]: Eternal happiness

└·Acer pseudosieboldianum [Korean maple, purplebloom maple, 당단풍]

•Aceraceae [단풍나무과; maple family]

└·Acer [단풍나무속; maple]: Control, fear, worry; refusal, seclusion | 10/03, 10/25

•Achillea [톱풀속]

└·Achillea millefolium [yarrow, 서양톱풀]: Guidance; map | 11/26

•Acis [snowflake, 스노플레이크]: Virgin love, beauty | 12/19

└·Acis autumnalis [autumn snowflake]

└·Acis rosea [rose snowflake]

•Aconitum [투구꽃속, 바꽃속; aconite, monkshood, wolf's bane, leopard's bane, mousebane, women's bane, devil's helmet, queen of poisons, blue rocket]: Shining beautifully; misanthropy; opening night; Don't touch me

└·Aconitum albo-violaceum [줄바꽃]

└·Aconitum ambiguum [민바꽃]

└·Aconitum austrokoreense [세뿔투구꽃]

└·Aconitum barbatum [Siberian monk’shood, 노랑투구꽃]: Opening night; mistress of the night, queen of the night

└·Aconitum chiisanense [지리바꽃]

└·Aconitum ciliare [놋젓가락나물]

└·Aconitum coreanum [Korean monk's hood, Korean monkshood, 노랑돌쩌귀, 백부자]

└·Aconitum flagellare [바꽃]

└·Aconitum jaluense [투구꽃]

└·Aconitum kusnezoffii [이삭바꽃]

└·Aconitum macrorhynchum [가는돌쩌귀]

└·Aconitum monanthum [Alpine monk's hood, 각시투구꽃]: warrior's hat

└·Aconitum pseudolaeve [진범]

└·Aconitum raddeanum [선줄바꽃]

└·Aconitum sczukinii [넓은잎초오]

└·Aconitum sibiricum [노랑투구꽃]: Opening night; mistress of the night, queen of the night

└·Aconitum umbrosum [선투구꽃]

└·Aconitum volubile [가는줄돌쩌귀]

•Aconite [부자, 附子, 바꽃]: Misanthropy; shining beautifully | 07/19

•Acorus

└·Acorus calamus[sweet-flag, calamus, 창포]: To drive off evil spirits, good fortune, love; respect, mysterious person | [KR] 05/05 Lunar

•Actinidia [다래나무속, actinidia, kiwi]: Deep love, profound affection, sweet

└·Actinidia arguta [hardy kiwi, 다래]

•Actinidiaceae [다래나무과; Chinese gooseberry family, Kiwi family]

└·Actinidia [다래나무속, actinidia, kiwi]: Deep love, profound affection, sweet

•Adenocaulon [멸가치속; trailplant]: I defer all things to you, I leave everything to you

└·Adenocaulon himalaicum [Asian trailplant, 멸가치]

•Adiantum [공작고사리속; walking fern, maidenhair fern, 아디안툼, 아디안텀]: Lovable character, person who should be careful; Secrecy; mirth | 04/07 

└·Adiantum pedatum [northern maidenhair, five-fingered fern, 공작고사리]

•Adina [구슬꽃나무속]

└·Adina rubella [glossy adina, 구슬꽃나무]: rarity, rare and precious

•Adonis [복수초, 福壽草; (Genus) Adonis amurensis]: Painful reminiscence 

└·Adonis (red) [(Genus) Adonis annua]: Memory | 02/26 

└·Adonis (yellow) [(Genus) Adonis amurensis]: Eternal happiness, perpetual bliss | 04/06 

•Adoxaceae [연복초과; moschatel family ← Caprifoliaceae(인동과)]

└·Sambucus [딱총나무속; elder, elderberry]: Compassion | 07/25

└·Viburnum [덜꿩나무속]: hesitation, indecision

•Aerides [cat's-tail orchids, fox brush orchids]: Patience

└·Aerides japonica [나도풍란, 대엽풍란]

•Aesculus [칠엽수속; buckeye, horse chestnut]: romance, passion, ardor, luxury, extravagance, plushness

└·Aesculus hippocastanum [가시칠엽수, marronnier, horse-chestnut, conker tree]: one's natural talents, genius, wizard

└·Aesculus turbinata [Japanese horse-chestnut, 칠엽수]

•African daisy [아프리칸데이지]: mystery, mystic, insoluble puzzle; energy, vitality, recovery, restoration, happiness, bliss

└·Arctotis

└·Dimorphotheca

└·Gazania

└·Gerbera: mystery, mystic, insoluble puzzle

└·Lonas

└·Osteospermum: energy, vitality, recovery, restoration, happiness, bliss

•African Marigold [Tagetes erecta, 천수국, 千壽菊]: Warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07; Tihar festival

•Agavaceae [용설란과; Agave family]: compathy, beginning of life

•Agave [용설란속]: delicacy, fineness

└·Agave angustifolia [Caribbean agave, 무늬카리브용설란]: delicacy, fineness

•Agavoideae [용설란과 → Asparagaceae(아스파라거스과, 비짜루과)]

└·Dracaena [용혈수속]: good fortune, lucky break; perform promise 

•Ageratum [등골나물아재비속; whiteweed]: your trust; eternal youth, viridity

└·Ageratum houstonianum [flossflower, bluemink, blueweed, pussy foot, Mexican paintbrush, Mexican ageratum, 불로화]: your trust; eternal youth, viridity

•Agrimonia [짚신나물속; agrimony]: thankfulness, gratitude, appreciation, repaying a kindness | 08/21

└·Agrimonia eupatoria [common agrimony, church steeples, sticklewort, 등골짚신나물]: hesitation | 11/06

└·Agrimonia pilosa [hairy agrimony, 짚신나물]

•Ailanthus [tree of the gods, tree of heaven]

└·Ailanthus altissima [tree of heaven, ailanthus, varnish tree, 가죽나무, 가중나무, 假僧木]: False charge

•Aizoaceae [석류풀과, 번행초과; fig marigold family; ice plants, carpet weeds]: exploit, patriotism | 11/05, 12/11

└·Cleretum [클레레툼속]: hope, wish [← Dorotheanthus(도로테안터스속)]

└·Dorotheanthus [도로테안터스속]: hope, wish [→ Cleretum(클레레툼속)]

​•Ajuga [조개나물속; bugleweed, ground pine, carpet bugle, bugle]

└·Ajuga decumbens [pink-flower bugle, decumbent bugle, 내장금란초]: True love, sacrifice

•Akebia [으름덩굴속]: talent 

└·Akebia quinata [chocolate vine, five-leaf chocolate vine, five-leaved akebia, アケビ, 으름덩굴]

•Alangiaceae [박쥐나무과 → Cornaceae (층층나무과, 산수유나무과)]

└·Alangium [박쥐나무속]: Wealth, riches

•Alangium [박쥐나무속]: Wealth, riches

└·Alangium platanifolium [palmate-leaf alangium; 단풍박쥐나무]: Wealth, riches

•Alcea [hollyhock]: Torrid love affair, passionate love; simpleness, safety; simple love, coquettish love; fecundity, abundance, aspiration, peace | 06/23, 08/18

└·Alcea ficifolia [Antwerp hollyhock]

└·Alcea rosea [common hollyhock, 접시꽃]

└·Alcea setosa [bristly hollyhock]

•Alchemilla [알케밀라속; lady's mantle]: light, gleam, selfless love, devoted love, first love

└·Alchemilla vulgaris [lady's mantle, common lady's mantle, 알케밀라]

•Alismataceae [택사과; water-plantains]

└·Caldesia [둥근잎택사속; caldesia]: faith, religious belief

└·Sagittaria [보풀속; arrowhead, duck potato, katniss, Omodaka, swamp potato, tule potato, wapato, wapatoo]: trust, faith

•Allium [알리움, 부추속]: infinite sorrow

└·Allium longistylum [riverside chive, 강부추]: Taoist hermit with miraculous powers; fresh

└·Allium senescens [aging chive, German garlic, broadleaf chives, 두메부추]: good memory

└·Allium tuberosum [garlic chives, 부추]

•Allspice [올스파이스]

└·Calycanthus

└-·Calycanthus floridus [Carolina allspice, 자주받침꽃, sweet shrub]: Tendresse | 12/30

└·Chimonanthus

└-·Chimonanthus praecox [Japanese allspice, 납매]: Tendresse | 12/30

└·Pimenta

└-·Pimenta dioica [Allspice, 올스파이스, 百味胡椒]

└·Lindera

└-·Lindera benzoin [wild allspice, 벤조인생강나무]

•Almond [아몬드; (Species) Prunus dulcis, Prunus amygdalus]: Promise, true love, imperishable love; expectation, hope; chastity, richness; (Frnace) happy marriage | Florescence: April~May; pale pink, white | 03/14, 04/01

•Alnus [alder]

└·Alnus glutinosa [common alder, black alder, European alder, just alder]

└·Alnus japonica [alder tree, 오리나무]: Grandeur; consolation | 12/16

•Aloe [알로에]: Grief, anguish, pathos, bitterness, deep sadness, sorrow, sadness, health, fitness, omnipotence, being almighty, superstition; flowers and leave

└·Aloe vera: Eternal health

•Alopecurus [뚝새풀속; foxtail, foxtail grass]: a good frame of mind 

└·Alopecurus aequalis [short-awn foxtail grass, shortawn foxtail, orange foxtail, 뚝새풀]

•Aloysia [알로이시아, 레몬버베나속; beebrushes]: patience

└·Aloysia citrodora [syn. Aloysia triphylla; lemon verbena, lemon beebrush, 레몬버베나]: patience| 11/13

•Alstroemeriaceae [알스트로에메리아과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Althaea

└·Althaea officinalis [marsh-mallow, 마시멜로, 양아욱]

└·Althaea rosea [→ Alcea rosea; hollyhock, 접시꽃]: Torrid love affair, passionate love; simpleness, safety; simple love, coquettish love; fecundity, abundance, aspiration, peace | 06/23, 08/18

•Alyssum maritimum [Lobularia maritima, sweet alyssum, , sweet alison, alyssum; 스위트알리섬, 향기알리섬]: Striking good looks, stunning beauty | Florescence: April | Florescence: March~October | 01/12

•Amaranth (Globe) [천일홍, 千日紅]: Immortal love, unchangeability, fascination

•Amaranth [아마란스]: Immortality

•Amaranthaceae [아마란타케아이, 비름과 ← Chenopodiaceae(명아주과)]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Amaranthus [비름속; amaranth]

└·Bassia [syn. Kochia, 댑싸리속: smotherweed]: modesty, humbleness, pure, elegant, nice-looking beauty

└·Celosia [맨드라미속; woolflowers, cockscombs]: emotion, sentiment; appraisal, valuation; grudge, animosity; foppery, coxcombry, blind love, foolish passion, mystery, eternal life, undying love, health, fitness, burning love, torrid love

└·Chenopodium [명아주속; goosefoot]: untruth, falsehood, trick, deception

•Amaranthus [비름속; amaranth]

└·Amaranthus blitum [purple amaranth, Guernsey pigweed, 개비름]: Affection, foppery

└·Amaranthus cruentus [blood amaranth, red amaranth, purple amaranth, prince's feather, Mexican grain amaranth, 선줄맨드라미]: emotion, sentiment; appraisal, valuation; grudge, animosity; foppery, coxcombry, blind love, foolish passion, mystery, eternal life, undying love, health, fitness, burning love, torrid love

└·Amaranthus lividus [개비름]: Affection, foppery

└·Amaranthus tricolor [Joseph's coat, 색비름]: Affection | 09/28

•Amaryllidaceae [수선화과, 水仙花科]

└·Allium [알리움, 부추속]: infinite sorrow

└·Amaryllis [아마릴리스속; amaryllis, 아마릴리스]: Boast, talkative person, delicate beauty, artificial, silence | Easter 

└·Lycoris [상사화속; hurricane lilies or cluster amaryllis]: hopeless love

└·Narcissus [수선화속; 수선화, 水仙花, daffodil]: Sweetness, self-esteem, vanity, dignity, self-respect, self-love; unrequited love; mystery, noble-mindedness, selfishness | Florescence: December~May | [US] December | 01/13, 03/01

•Amaryllis [아마릴리스]: Boast, talkative person, delicate beauty, artificial, silence | Easter 

└·Amaryllis [아마릴리스속; amaryllis, 아마릴리스]

└·Hippeastrum [히피아스트럼속]

•Amaryllis [아마릴리스속; amaryllis, 아마릴리스]: Boast, talkative person, delicate beauty, artificial, silence | Easter 

└·Amaryllis belladonna [Jersey lily, belladonna-lily, naked-lady-lily, March lily] 

└·Amaryllis paradisicola

•Ambrosia [돼지풀속]: Happy relationship, glow of love; eternal life, immortality | 12/05

└·Ambrosia artemisiifolia [돼지풀]

•Anacardiaceae [아나카르디아케아이, 옻나무과; cashew family, sumac family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Mangifera: a sincere heart, sincerity

•Anagallis [pimpernel; 뚜껑별꽃속]: abstraction; reminiscences, recollection

└·Anagallis arvensis [scarlet pimpernel, blue-scarlet pimpernel, red pimpernel, red chickweed, poor man's barometer, poor man's weather-glass, shepherd's weather glass, shepherd's clock, 뚜껑별꽃]

•Ananas [파인애플속]

└·Ananas comosus [pineapple, 파인애플]: Absolute perfection | 12/20

•Anaphalis [다복떡쑥속; pearl, pearly everlasting]

└·Anaphalis sinica [Alpine pearly everlasting, 구름떡쑥]: Pureness, genuineness

•Anchusa: Truth | 11/20

└·Anchusa arvensis [bugloss, small bugloss]

└·Anchusa azurea [Italian bugloss]

└·Anchusa barrelieri [Barrelier's bugloss]

└·Anchusa officinalis [common bugloss, alkanet, 뷰글라스]

•Adenophora [잔대속; ladybells]: undying love, eternal love

└·Adenophora grandiflora [big-flower ladybell, 도라지모시대]

•Androsace [봄맞이꽃속; rock jasmine, fairy candelabras]: to prepare for spring, murmur of spring, voices of spring

└·Androsace cortusifolia [Geumgang rockjasmine, 금강봄맞이]: to celebrate spring

└·Androsace septentrionalis [pygmyflower rockjasmine, pygmy-flower rock-jasmine, northern rockjasmine, Northern fairy candelabra; 명천봄맞이]: to prepare for spring, murmur of spring, voices of spring

└·Androsace umbellata [봄맞이]: to prepare for spring, murmur of spring, voices of spring

•Anemone [바람꽃속; anemone, wind flower, 아네모네]: forsaken, loneliness, sickness (negative), futile love, hopeless love, agony of love, abandonment, betrayal; wait; anticipation, undying love, expectation; poetry; Thank you for standing by my side, I'm ready to sacrifice everything for your love, I will love you forever, I love you even if you don't love me 

└·Color

└-·Anemone (purple): I trust you

└-·Anemone (red): I love you | 04/04

└-·Anemone (white): Expectation, hope

└·Species

└-·Anemone amurensis [amur anemone, 들바람꽃]: wait

└-·Anemone narcissiflora [narcissus anemone, narcissus-flowered anemone, 바람꽃]: agony of love

•Angelica

└·Angelica polymorpha [Polymorphic angelica, cnidium, 궁궁이]: Noble-mindedness; longing

•Angel's tears [천사의 눈물]: angel's tears; cure, heal

└·Brugmansia suaveolens [Brazil's white angel trumpet, angel's tears, snowy angel’s trumpet, 천사의나팔꽃]: white, pink

└·Narcissus triandrus [angel's tears, 트리안드러스 수선]: cream, yellow

└·Soleirolia soleirolii [baby's tears, angel's tears, bits and pieces, bread and cheese, Corsican creeper, Corsican curse, friendship plant, helxine, mind-your-own-business, mother of thousands, paddy's wig, pollyanna vine, Irish moss, 또래기]

Angrec: Royalty

•Antennaria [백두산떡쑥속; catsfoot, cat's-foot, pussytoes, everlasting]: everlasting, eternity, unchangeability

└·Antennaria dioica [mountain everlasting, stoloniferous pussytoes, catsfoot, cudweed, 백두산떡쑥]

└·Antennaria rosea [syn. Leontopodium leontopodioides; Northern edelweiss, rosy pussytoes, 들떡쑥]: truthful ideas

•Anthurium [안투리움속; anthurium, tailflower, flamingo flower, laceleaf, 안수리움]: hospitality, happiness, abundance; lovelorn, lovesick | 08/25

└·Anthurium acaule [안투리움]

└·Anthurium andraeanum [flamingo lily, common anthurium, 홍학꽃, 꽃부채]: anguish, agony, feel strange

└·Anthurium crystallinum [크리스탈안투리움]: Thank you for your kindness

•Antirrhinum [금어초속]

└·Antirrhinum majus [snapdragon, 금어초, 金魚草]: Desire; talkative person, to obtrude; arrogance, haughtiness, greed | 07/02

•Apiaceae [Umbelliferae, 미나리과, 산형과, 傘形科; celery, carrot, parsley family, umbellifers]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Bupleurum [시호속]: root, basis, basics, fundamentals

└·Cicuta [독미나리속; cowbane, poison parsnip, water hemlock]: no regret for death

└·Conium [독당근속, 나도독미나리속; poison hemlock]: no regret for death

└·Daucus [당근속]: I wouldn't spare even my own life for you

•Apocynaceae [협죽도과, 夾竹桃科; dogbane family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Catharanthus [일일초속; periwinkles]: friendship; pleasant memory, I am reminded of a joyful occasion, I remember a good thing; I love you | 02/24, 04/10

└·Trachelospermum [마삭줄속; Star Jasmine, Confederate Jasmine]: white smile

└·Tylophora [왜박주가리속]: far journey

•Apple tree: Temptation; fame, wisdom, success, honor, glory

└·Apple blossom: Preference

└·Apple (fruit): Poison, poison chalice; [Korea] Apology

•Apple mint [애플민트; (Species) Mentha]: Virtue, I'd like to love again | Florescence: July~September

•Apricot [살구(나무), 杏子; Prunus armeniaca]: Lady's shyness, virgin's bashfulness; doubt | Florescence: April; orange | 02/23, 10/02

•Aquifoliaceae [감탕나무과; holly]: domestic happiness, peace; sweetness, self-esteem, vanity; foresight; compathy, beginning of life | 12/25

└·Ilex [감탕나무속; holly, 호랑가시나무, 홀리]

•Aquilegia [매발톱속; granny's bonnet, columbine]: the emblem of deceived lovers, ingratitude, faithlessness; vow of victory | 05/14

└·Aquilegia buergariana [columbine, 매발톱]

└-·Aquilegia buergeriana var. oxysepala [columbine, Oriental columbine; 매발톱]

└·Aquilegia vulgaris [common columbine, European columbine, granny's nightcap]

└·Aquilegia elegantula [Western red columbine]

•Araceae [아라케아이, 천남성과, 天南星科; arum family, aroids]

└·Anthurium [안투리움속; anthurium, tailflower, flamingo flower, laceleaf, 안수리움]: hospitality, happiness, abundance; lovelorn, lovesick | 08/25

└·Arisaema [아리사에마, 천남성속]: protection, preservation, secret, confidence, dazzlement, bewilderment, woman's vengeance

└·Lysichiton [리시키톤속; skunk cabbage, swamp lantern]: beautiful memory

•Aralia [두릅나무속; spikenard]: plaintive, sorrowful, sacrifice

└-·Aralia cordata [spikenard, herbal aralia, mountain asparagus, 땅두릅]: beauty, beautiful woman, plaintive, sorrowful

└·Aralia elata [Korean angelica tree, 두릅나무]

•Araliaceae [두릅나무과; aralia family, ivy family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Hedera [송악속; ivy]: trust, friendship

└·Aralia [두릅나무속; spikenard]: plaintive, sorrowful, sacrifice

Arborvitae [측백나무, 側柏, (Genus) Thuja]: Everlasting friendship, solid friendship; health, prayer | Florescence: April | 01/11

Arbutus: You are the only one I love

•Arctium [burdock]: Please don't bother me; upright person 

└·Arctium lappa [greater burdock, edible burdock, 우엉]

Ardisia crenata(백량금): 덕있는 사람, 부, 재산

•Arecaceae [syn. Palmae, 종려과, 椶櫚科, 야자과, 椰子科; palm family, palms, palm trees]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Trachycarpus [당종려속]: Victory

•Argusia [모래지치속; sea rosemary]: key to happiness; poor, pitiable; girl on an island, island girl

​└·Argusia sibirica [모래지치]

•Argyranthemum [아르기란테뭄속; marguerite, marguerite daisy, dill daisy]: love in mind; freedom, liberty; truelove, prophecy, prediction, foretell somebody's love, unveil a secret | 09/03

└·Argyranthemum frutescens [syn. Chrysanthemum frutescens; marguerite, marguerite daisy, Paris daisy, 마가렛데이지]

•Arisaema [아리사에마, 천남성속]: protection, preservation, secret, confidence, dazzlement, bewilderment, woman's vengeance

└·Arisaema erubescens

└-·Arisaema amurense Maximowicz var. serratum Nakai [dragon arum, reddish Jack-in-the-pulpit, 천남성]

└·Arisaema heterophyllum [아리사에마 헤테로필룸; diverse-leaf jack-in-the-pulpit, 두루미천남성]: Bad luck often brings good luck, good out of evil, protection, preservation, secret, confidence, dazzlement, bewilderment

•Aristata: The owner of beauty | 05/19

└·Agromyza aristata

└·Arachniodes aristata [아라크니오데스 아리스타타= Rumohra aristata; 가는쇠고사리]

└·Aristaloe aristata [← Aloe aristata, 알로에 아리스타타; 세엽목립로회알로에, guinea-fowl aloe, lace aloe]

└·Berberis aristata

└·Brassia aristata

└·Chaetacme aristata

└·Clematis aristata

└·Cyathea aristata

└·Dactylorhiza aristata [= Orchis aristata; 손바닥나비난초, keyflower]

└·Gaillardia aristata

└·Garcinia aristata

└·Hypoestes aristata [히포에스테스 아리스타타]

└·Melica aristata

└·Miersiella aristata

└·Moraea aristata

└·Orchis aristata [오르키스 아리스타타(= Dactylorhiza aristata); 손바닥나비난초, keyflower]

└·Pinus aristata [피누스 아리스타타; 브리슬콘소나무, Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine, Colorado bristlecone pine]

└·Plantago aristata

└·Potamochloa aristata

└·Protea aristata

└·Pouteria aristata

└·Quercus aristata

└·Salvia aristata

└·Thelymitra aristata

└·Vigna aristata

•Armeria [아르메리아, thrift, sea pink, cliff rose]: Consideratio, sympathy, pitifulness, docility; Worry, show solicitude for | Florescence: April~May | 02/29

•Arrowhead: trust, hidden maternal love | 10/22

└·Sagittaria [보풀속; arrowhead, duck potato, katniss, Omodaka, swamp potato, tule potato, wapato, wapatoo]: trust, faith

└-·Sagittaria sagittifolia [arrowhead, 소귀나물]

└-·Sagittaria trifolia [threeleaf arrowhead, Chinese arrowhead, 벗풀]

└·Nephthytis

└-·Nephthytis swainei

└·Syngonium [nephthytis, arrowhead vine, 싱고늄]

└-·Syngonium podophyllum [arrowhead plant, arrowhead vine, arrowhead philodendron, goosefoot, African evergreen, American evergreen]

•Artemisia [아르테미시아, 쑥속, 향쑥속; mugwort, wormwood, sagebrush]: peace

└·Artemisia absinthium [wormwood, 향쑥]: Absence, bitterness of parting and love; peace | 07/26

└·Artemisia leucophylla [Myeongcheon wormwood, 명천쑥]: peace

└·Artemisia schmidtiana [silvermound]: Longing for, desire for

•Arum: Faith, purity

•Aruncus [눈개승마속]: Goat beard, goatee

└·Aruncus dioicus [goat's beard, goatsbeard, buck's-beard, bride's feathers]

└-·Aruncus dioicus var. aethusifolius (H.Lév.) H.Hara [Korean goatsbeard]

└-·Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (Maxim.) H.Hara [Kamchatka goatsbeard, 눈개승마]

•Asarum [족도리풀속; wild ginger]

└·Asarum patens [spreading wildginger, 금오족도리풀]: The affection of a mother and daughter | Flower: April~May

•Asclepiadaceae [박주가리과; milkweed family → Apocynaceae(협죽도과)]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Cynanchum [백미꽃속]: I want to stay with you

└·Tylophora [왜박주가리속]: far journey

•Asclepias

└·Asclepias incarnata [swamp milkweed, rose milkweed, rose milkflower, swamp silkweed, white Indian hemp, 아스클레피아스]: Destiny | 10/20

•Asparagaceae [아스파라거스과, 비짜루과] [← Liliaceae(백합과)]

└·Dracaena [용혈수속]: good fortune, lucky break; perform promise 

└·Liriope [lilyturf, monkey grass, spider grass, 맥문동속]: patience, endurance, modesty, humility, a series of joys

└·Maianthemum [두루미꽃속; false lily of the valley, Mayflower]: splendor, extravagance, whim, caprice

└·Ophiopogon [맥문아재비속; lilyturf, ophiopogon]: purebred; obedience, submission

└·Polygonatum [둥굴레속; King Solomon's-seal, Solomon’s seal]: dignified service

└·Rohdea [만년청속]: inheritance; mother's instinctive love 

•Asparagus [아스파라거스] 

└·Asparagus officinalis [아스파라거스, 멸대, 열대]: Simpleness, unchangeability, changelessness, steady mind, eternal happiness | 03/18 

└·Asparagus sprengeri [아스파라거스 스프렌게리]: to remain unchnged

•Asphodel: I am yours, My regret follows you to the grave | 07/11

└·Asphodelus [asphodel]

└-·Asphodelus aestivus [summer asphodel]

└-·Asphodelus albus [white asphodel]

└-·Asphodelus ramosus [branched asphodel]

└·Asphodeline 

└-·Asphodeline lutea [king's spear, yellow asphodel]

└·Narthecium

└-·Narthecium ossifragum [bog asphodel, Lancashire asphodel, bastard asphodel]

└-·Narthecium americanum [yellow asphodel, bog asphodel]

•Asphodelaceae [아스포델루스과 ← Xanthorrhoeaceae(크산토로이아과)]

└·Phormium [마오란속, 뉴질랜드삼속]: Novelty, originality, memory, recollection

•Asphodelus [아스포델루스]: I am yours, My regret follows you to the grave | 07/11

•Asplenium [꼬리고사리속]

└·Asplenium scolopendrium [hart's-tongue fern, 골고사리]: Comfort in truth | 11/04

•Aster [참취속, 개미취속]: patience, daintiness, remembrance, longing; deep emotional love, affection, love, magic, talisman of love, trust | Florescence: July~October | [UK, US] September

└·Aster altaicus [Danyang aster, 단양쑥부쟁이]: Negligence, laziness; exploit; patriotism | 07/01, 11/05, 12/11

└·Aster amellus [European Michaelmas daisy, Italian aster]: Farewell, departure

└·Aster hayatae [Korean montane aster, 눈개쑥부쟁이]: Praise, compliment

└·Aster pilosus [syn. Symphyotrichum pilosum; frost aster, hairy white oldfield aster, 미국쑥부쟁이]: longing, wait

└·Aster spathulifolius [haeguk, Dokdo haeguk, seashore spatulate aster, Dokdo seashore spatulate aster, 해국, 독도해국]: wait

└·Aster tataricus [Tatarinow's aster, 개미취, 자완, 紫菀]: Remembrance, longing; patience, daintiness; deep emotional love, affection, love, magic, talisman of love, trust

└·Aster tripolium [syn. Aster pannonicus, syn. Tripolium pannonicum; Michaelmas daisy, 미카엘데이지, 갯개미취]: memory | 09/09, 09/29

•Asteraceae [아스테라케아이, Compositae, 국화과, 菊花科; aster, daisy, composite, sunflower family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Adenocaulon [멸가치속; trailplant]: I defer all things to you, I leave everything to you

└·Ageratum [등골나물아재비속; whiteweed]: your trust; eternal youth, viridity

└·Ambrosia [돼지풀속]: Happy relationship, glow of love; eternal life, immortality | 12/05

└·Antennaria [백두산떡쑥속; catsfoot, cat's-foot, pussytoes, everlasting]: everlasting, eternity, unchangeability

└·Argyranthemum [아르기란테뭄속; marguerite, marguerite daisy, dill daisy]: love in mind; freedom, liberty; truelove, prophecy, prediction, foretell somebody's love, unveil a secret | 09/03

└·Artemisia [아르테미시아, 쑥속, 향쑥속; mugwort, wormwood, sagebrush]: peace

└·Aster [참취속, 개미취속]: Patience, daintiness, remembrance, longing; deep emotional love, affection, love, magic, talisman of love, trust | Florescence: July~October | [UK, US] September

└·Bellis [벨리스속]: Hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└·Bidens [도깨비바늘속; beggarticks, black jack, burr marigolds, cobbler's pegs, Spanish needles, stickseeds, tickseeds, tickseed sunflowers]: excitement

└·Brachyscome [브라키스코메속]: clear, elegant, highbrow, radiant heart

└·Carpesium [담배풀속; carpesium]: feelings, mood

└·Chrysanthemum [국화속, 菊花屬; mums, chrysanths]

└·Cirsium [엉겅퀴속; thistle]: nobility, warning; independence; strictness, austerity, Don’t touch me; loner, sobriety

└·Conyza [망초속]: reconciliation, rapprochement, conciliation; It makes people close to each other happy, and people far away come closer [→ Erigeron(개망초속)]

└·Coreopsis [금계국속, 기생초속; calliopsis, tickseed]: always cheerful, good frame of mind; competitive spirit | 04/13

└·Cosmos [코스모스속; cosmos]: Girl's pure love, shy girl, love, affection; harmony, balance; mysterious phenomenon; artificial flower; condolence flowers; honor

└·Dahlia [달리아속, 다알리아속; dahlia]: Elegance and dignity; splendor, passion, instability; gratitude; I'm glad to know your mind; passion, ardor | 09/15

└·Echinacea

└-·Echinacea purpurea [eastern purple coneflower, hedgehog coneflower, purple coneflower]

└·Echinops [절굿대속; globe thistles]: guard, alert; boundary, border

└·Erigeron [개망초속; fleabane]: reconciliation

└·Eupatorium [등골나물속; boneset, snakeroot, thoroughwort]: hesitation, indecision

└·Gerbera [거베라속]: mystery, mystic, insoluble puzzle

└·Glebionis [글에비오니스속]: fresh love

└·Gnaphalium [그나팔리움, 왜떡쑥속; cudweeds]: truth, truthful ideas; I love only you; child's shyness

└·Helianthus [해바라기속; sunflower]: Pure and lofty thoughts, adoration, affection and longing, waiting, longing, worship; wish, brilliance, belief, will, faith; pride; false wealth, fake gold coin | 07/06, 08/15

└·Helipterum

└·Inula [금불초속]: tragic love, disappointed love

└·Ismelia [이스멜리아속]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└·Leontopodium [솜다리속]: precious memories, noble love

└·Leucanthemum [레우칸테뭄속]: endurance, pureness, peace

└·Liatris [리아트리스속; blazing star]: expectation, anticipation; insist, persist, obstinate person, stubborn person, obstinacy, stubbornness; noble-mindedness, noble character

└·Melampodium [멜람포디움속]: Hope, peace; purity, pure heart; genuine, sincere

└·Osteospermum [오스테오스페르뭄속; daisybushes, African daisy, 아프리칸데이지]: energy, vitality, recovery, restoration, happiness, bliss

└·Petasites [머위속; butterbur]: fairness, justice

└·Pseudognaphalium [프세우도그나팔리움, 떡쑥속; cudweeds, rabbit tobacco]: truth, truthful ideas; I love only you; child's shyness

└·Rhodanthe [로단테속; sunray, pink paper daisy]: remain permanently, everlasting, timeless, eternal love

└·Rhodanthemum [syn. Chrysanthemopsis, Pyrethropsis, 로단테뭄속; Moroccan daisy]: chastity, fidelity

└·Rudbeckia [루드베키아속; coneflowers, black-eyed-susans]: justice, righteousness; definition, define; eternal happiness, perpetual bliss

└·Scorzonera [쇠채속]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

└·Silphium

└-·Silphium perfoliatum [cup plant, cup-plant]

└·Taraxacum [민들레속]

└Tagetes [타게테스, 천수국속, 千壽菊屬]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

└·Tithonia [멕시코해바라기속]: worship, waiting

└·Tragopogon [쇠채아재비속]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

└·Verbesina [나래가막사리속; crownbeard]: Fully ripened love

└·Wedelia [creepingoxeye, wedelia, 갯금불초속]: freshness

└·Xanthium [cocklebur, 도꼬마리속]: insist, persist, charms, winsomeness

•Astilbe [노루오줌속; false goat’s beard, false spirea]: Embarrassment

└·Astilbe chinensis [false goat’s beard, tall false-buck's-beard, Chinese astilbe, 노루오줌]

•Astragalus [자운영, 紫雲英]: My happiness; your generous love; influence | Florescence: April~June | 03/03, 04/18

•Aucuba [식나무속]: Do not copy me, young and beautiful

└·Aucuba japonica [spotted laurel, Japanese laurel, Japanese aucuba, gold dust plant, 식나무]: Do not copy me, young and beautiful

└-· Aucuba japonica f. variegata [금식나무]

금사철 [Euonymus, Euonymus japonicus, Aureo Variegata]: 변화없다.

•Avena [귀리속; oat]

└·Avena fatua [common wild oat; 메귀리]: music-lover | 09/25

└·Avena sativa [oat, common oat, 귀리]

Azalea: Take care, temperance, fragile, gratitude, passion, Chinese symbols of womanhood

[B]
• Baby blue eyes [Nemophila, 네모필라]: Patriotism, consideration for family | Florescence: April~May; sky-blue, azure, white | 02/21
Baby's breath: Innocence, purity of heart
•Baccharis [baccharises, brooms]: Pioneer; richness | 11/29
└·Baccharis dracunculifolia
Bachelor button: Single blessedness, celibacy
Balm: Social intercourse or sympathy
•Balsam: Ardent love; chastity; Please don't touch me; cleanliness; riches and honors; tender-hearted, childlike nature
└·By Color
└-·Balsam (Red): Please don't touch me
└·By Species
└-·Impatiens balsamina [garden balsam, rose balsam, 봉선화]
└-·Impatiens capensis [orange jewelweed, orange balsam, common jewelweed, spotted jewelweed]
Balsamine: Impatience
•Bamboo [대나무, 竹; Bambusoideae]: Patience, endurance, creation, chastity, fidelity; winter, integrity, constancy, upright
•Bambusoideae [대나무아과; bamboo, 대나무, 竹]: Patience, endurance, creation, chastity, fidelity; winter, integrity, constancy, upright
└·Bambusa [대나무속; bamboo, 대나무, 竹]
•Barley [보리; (Species) Hordeum vulgare]: Unanimity; prosperity, universality | Flower: Apri~May | 02/28

•Barnardia [무릇속]: strong self-control

└·Barnardia japonica [syn. Scilla scilloides; Chinese squill, 무릇]: strong self-control

•Basil [great basil, sweet basil, 바질; Ocimum basilicum]: great hope, small hope, blessing; I hate you, hatred
•Bassia [syn. Kochia, 댑싸리속: smotherweed]: modesty, humbleness, pure, elegant, nice-looking beauty
└·Bassia scoparia [syn. Kochia scoparia; burningbush, ragweed, summer cypress, mock-cypress, kochia, belvedere, Mexican firebrush, Mexican fireweed, broom cypress, 댑싸리]
•Bay [laurel, 월계수, 月桂樹; (Species) Laurus nobilis]: Honor; ambition, success, renown | Florescence: March~May; yellow | 02/16
└·Baywreath [laurel wreath, 월계관]: Glory, reward for wisdom
•Bean [콩]: Destined happiness; fruitful love, small satisfaction | 03/17
└·Glycine [콩속]
└··Glycine max [soybean, 대두, 大豆]
└··Glycine soja [wild soybean, 돌콩, 쥐눈이콩]
└·Arachis [땅콩속]
└··Arachis hypogaea [peanut, groundnut, 땅콩]
└·Cicer [키케르속]
└··Cicer arietinum [chick pea, 병아리콩, 이집트콩]
└·Lens [렌즈콩속]
└··Lens culinaris [lentil bean, 렌즈콩, 렌틸콩]
└·Phaseolus [강낭콩속, 파세오루스속]
└··Phaseolus ganularis [adsuki bean, あずき, 아주끼빈, 小豆]
└··Phaseolus vulgaris [kidney bean, 강낭콩, 大福豆]
└·Pisum [완두속]: happy marriage, fecundity, joy of future
└-·Pisum sativum [pea, garden bean, 완두, 豌豆]
└·Vigna [동부속]
└··Vigna angularis [red bean, 팥]
└··Vigna radiata [mung bean, 녹두, 綠豆]
└··Vigna unguiculata [cowpea, 동부, 豇豆, 강두]: Destined happiness

•Bee plant [honey plant, 밀원식물]: compathy, beginning of life
​•Beech [Fagus, 너도밤나무속]: Prosperity
•Begonia [베고니아속; begonia]: beware, fanciful nature; mismatch, incongruity; kindness, polite, courteous; very middle; secret crush, I love you
└·Begonia grandis [begonia, hardy begonia, 베고니아]
└·Begonia rex [rex begonia, 렉스베고니아]: mismatch, incongruity, secret crush
•Begoniaceae [베고니아과]
└·Begonia [베고니아속; begonia]: beware, fanciful nature; mismatch, incongruity; kindness, polite, courteous; very middle; secret crush, I love you
•Bellflower [Campanulaceae, 도라지과, 초롱꽃과]: Unwavering Love
└·Campanula [초롱꽃속; bellflower]: Gratitude, appreciation; faithfulness, devotion, justice, enthusiasm; warm love, remain unchanged, tender love, satisfaction | 07/10, 11/21
└-·Campanula americana [American bellflower]
└-·Campanula isophylla [캄파눌라 이소필라; Italian bellflower, star of Bethlehem, falling stars, trailing campanula]
└-·Campanula medium [Canterbery bell, bell flower]
└-·Campanula punctata [spotted bellflower, 초롱꽃] | 07/10, 11/21
└-·Campanula takesimana [Korean bellflower, 섬초롱꽃] | 10/25
└·Platycodon [도라지속]: Kind and warm; elegance, warm affection, hope, undying love, unchanging love, faithfulness, docility
└-·Platycodon grandiflorus [Chinese bellflower, 도라지]
└·Codonopsis [더덕속; codonopsis]: faithfulness, gratitude
└-·Codonopsis lanceolata [deodeok, lance Asiabell, bonnet bellflower, 더덕]
•Bells of Ireland: Luck
•Berberidaceae [매자나무과; barberry family]
└·Berberis [매자나무속; barberry]: particularity, priggery
•Berberis [매자나무속; barberry]: particularity, priggery
└·Berberis amurensis [Amur barberry, 매발톱나무]
└·Berberis koreana [Korean barberry; 매자나무]
•Berchemia [망개나무속]: fun, mischief; full of vitality
└·Berchemia berchemiaefolia [망개나무]: fun, mischief; full of vitality
└·Berchemia floribunda [paniculous supplejack]
└-· Berchemia racomosa var. magna [large-leaf paniculous supplejack; 먹넌출]: full of vitality
•Bergenia [돌부채속; elephant-ear, elephant-eared saxifrage, elephant’s ears]: adaptation, accommodation, patience, endurance
└·Bergenia coreana [Korean elephant-ear, 돌부채]
•Bidens [도깨비바늘속; beggarticks, black jack, burr marigolds, cobbler's pegs, Spanish needles, stickseeds, tickseeds, tickseed sunflowers]: excitement
└·Bidens bipinnata [Spanish needle, 도깨비바늘]
└·Bidens tripartita [three-lobe beggartick, three-part beggarticks, leafy-bracted beggarticks, trifid bur-marigold, 가막사리]: ㅑnsist, persist, charms, winsomeness
•Bignoniaceae [능소화과; trumpet creeper family]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Campsis [능소화속, 凌霄花屬; trumpet creeper, trumpet vine]: woman, honor, glory, wait, longing
•Bird foot [bird's foot, crow's foot]
└·Cardamine
└-·Cardamine concatenata [cutleaf toothwort, crow's toes, pepper root, purple-flowered toothwort]
└·Eleusine
└-·Eleusine indica [bird's foot grass, Indian goosegrass, yard-grass, goosegrass, wiregrass, crowfootgrass]
└·Viola
└-·Viola pedata [bird's foot violet, birdfoot violet, crowfoot violet]
└-·Viola pedatifida [prairie violet, prairie birdfoot violet]
└·Ranunculus [미나리아재비속; buttercups, spearworts, water crowfoots, crowfoot, 미나리아재비, 라넌큘러스]: Riches; charm, fascination; criticism, criticize; innocence; beautiful personality | Florescence: April~July | 01/20, 02/18, 03/02, 05/02
└-·Ranunculus abortivus [littleleaf buttercup, small-flower crowfoot, small-flowered buttercup, kidneyleaf buttercup]
└-·Ranunculus aquatilis [common water-crowfoot, white water-crowfoot]
└-·Ranunculus arvensis [corn buttercup, devil-on-all-sides, scratch bur]
└-·Ranunculus asiaticus [Persian buttercup]
└-·Ranunculus pedatifidus [birdfoot buttercup]: Until we meet again | 07/08
└·Ornithopus [bird's-foot]
└-·Ornithopus perpusillus [little white bird's foot]
└-·Ornithopus pinnatus [orange bird's foot]
└-·Ornithopus sativus [serradella, common bird's foot]
Ornithopus perpusillus—little white bird's foot
└·Lotus
└-·Lotus corniculatus [common bird's-foot trefoil, eggs and bacon, birdsfoot deervetch, bird's-foot trefoil]
└·Artemisia
└-·Artemisia pedatifida [birdfoot sagebrush, matted sagewort]
Bird of paradise flower: Liberty, magnificence, good perspective, faithfulness (given by a man to a woman)
극락조화 [bird of paradise flower]: 신비(영생불락)
Bird's-foot trefoil: Revenge
긴잎아카시아 [boobialla, Acacia longiflora, golden wattle]: 우정
•Bittercress [황새냉이; (Species) Cardamine flexuosa]: Dedicated to you; flexibility | Florescence: March~May; White | 02/03, 03/07
•Black poplar [검은 포플라, (Species) Populus nigra]: Courage | Florescence: March~April | 01/28
Borage: Courage
•Boraginaceae [지치과; borage family, forget-me-not family]
└·Trigonotis [꽃마리속]: my happiness, I don't want to be forgotten
•Boston fern [보스톤고사리; (Species) Nephrolepis exaltata]: Captivation; protection
•Boston ivy [담쟁이덩굴, grape ivy; Parthenocissus tricuspidata]: Dependence, endurance, faithfulness; friendship; gorgeous magnetism | Florescence: June~August | 01/21
•Box [boxwood, 회양목, 淮陽木; Buxus]: Constancy; bear and forbear, patience | Florescence: March~May | 01/10
•Brachyscome [브라키스코메속]: clear, elegant, highbrow, radiant heart
└·Brachyscome angustifolia [사계소국]
└·Brachyscome chrysoglossa [yellow-tongue daisy]
└·Brachyscome iberidifolia [swan river daisy, 스완리버데이지]
•Bracken [고사리; (Genus) Pteridium]: Miracle, temptation

•Bracteantha [syn. Xerochrysum; 밀짚꽃속]: always remember, no more sorrow, everlasting sadness

└·Bracteantha bracteata [syn. Xerochrysum bracteatum; straw flower, 밀짚꽃]: always remember, no more sorrow, everlasting sadness

•Brassica [배추속]: Cheerful, cheery, merry
└·Brassica juncea [brown mustard, 갓, 겨자]: Indifference | 09/08
└·Brassica napus [유채, rapeseed, 油菜]: cheerfulness, gaiety
└·Brassica oleracea: Blessing, bless, profit, instructive, edifying
└-·Brassica oleracea var. botrytis [cauliflower, 콜리플라워, 꽃양배추]
└-·Brassica oleracea var. italica [broccoli, 브로콜리, 녹색꽃양배추]
└·Brassica rapa [배추]
•Brassicaceae [Cruciferae, 배추과, 겨자과, 십자화과, 十字花科; mustard family, cabbage family, mustards, crucifers]: compathy, beginning of life
└·Brassica [배추속]: cheerful, cheery, merry
└·Cardamine [syn. Dentaria, 황새냉이속; bittercress, bitter-cress, toothworts]: Dedicated to you; flexibility
└·Diplotaxis [모래냉이속; wall-rocket]: I give my everything, devotion, dedication
└·Lepidium [다닥냉이속; peppercress, peppergrass, pepperwort]: I’ll give you my all, devotion; energy, stamina
└·Lunaria [루나리아속; honesty]: honesty, truthfulness
└·Thlaspi [말냉이속]: I will give everything to you
•Brier [briar, briar rose, wild rose, 들장미]
└·Baby brier [Rosa multiflora; wild rosebush, 찔레나무, 찔레꽃, (북한) 들장미]: Solitude, cautious love, longing for family, to be careful
└·Sweet brier [Rosa rubiginosa; sweetbriar rose, eglantine]: Love, mildness, in a beauty's sleep, simplicity
└-·Sweet brier (yellow): Falling out of love
•Briza [방울새풀속; quaking grass]: Excitement | 09/22
└·Briza minor [lesser quaking-grass, little quakinggrass, 방울새풀]
•Broccoli [Brassica oleracea var. italica; 브로콜리, 녹색꽃양배추]: Blessing, bless, profit, instructive, edifying
•Broom: Humility
└·Genisteae [broom, lupine, lupin, gorse, laburnum]
└-·Argyrocytisus
└--·Argyrocytisus battandieri [Atlas broom, Moroccan broom]
└-·Chamaecytisus
└--·Chamaecytisus purpureus [purple broom]
└-·Cytisus
└--·Cytisus procumbens [dwarf broom]
└--·Cytisus purgans [Provence broom]
└--·Cytisus scoparius [common broom, scotch broom, 금작화]: Humility, pure and elegant; love for all people, philanthropic | 03/30, 04/08
└--·Cytisus ×kewensis [Kew broom]
└--·Cytisus ×praecox [Warminster broom]
└-·Genista
└--·Genista monspessulana [French broom]
└-·Spartium
└--·Spartium junceum [Spanish broom]
└·Astereae [참취족, 개미취족]
└-·Baccharis [baccharises, brooms]: Pioneer; richness | 11/29
•Broussonetia [닥나무속]: Information, record
└·Broussonetia kazinoki [paper mulberry, 닥나무]
└·Broussonetia papyrifera [syn. Morus papyrifera; paper mulberry]
•Brucea
└·Brucea javanica [syc. Rhus javanica; 아담자]: Religious belief | 11/27
•Brugmansia
└·Brugmansia suaveolens [Brazil's white angel trumpet, angel's tears, snowy angel’s trumpet, 천사의나팔꽃]: angel's tears; cure, heal | white, pink
•Bryonia [브리오니아속]: Refusal, rejection, selection | 11/03
└·Bryonia alba [white bryony, wild hop]
•Bryophyte [moss, lichen, 이끼, 苔]: Maternal love; tenacious vitality | 01/22, 01/29, 08/10, 12/02
Bulrush [cattail [reed mace, 부들, (Binomial name) Typha orientalis]: Docility, obeisance; courage, vigor | Florescence: June~July, yellow | 01/23
•Bugloss [Boraginaceae, 지치과, borage family]: Truth | 11/20
└·Barrelier's bugloss [Anchusa barrelieri]
└·Bugloss [small bugloss; Anchusa arvensis]
└·Bugloss fiddleneck [Amsinckia lycopsoides]
└·Common bugloss [alkanet, 뷰글라스; Anchusa officinalis]
└·Cretan viper's bugloss [Echium creticum]
└·Dyers' bugloss [Alcanna tinctoria]
└·Giant viper's bugloss [Echium pininana]
└·Italian Bugloss [Anchusa azurea]
└·Purple viper's bugloss [Echium plantagineum]
└·Siberian bugloss [Brunnera macrophylla]
└·Mount Teide bugloss [Echium wildpretii]
└·Viper's bugloss [바이퍼스버그로스, 에치움; Echium vulgare]
•Bumblebee Orchid: Industry
•Bupleurum [시호속]: root, basis, basics, fundamentals
└·Bupleurum euphorbioides [big-bract hare’s ear, 등대시호]: luck, good fortune, the sorrows of youth
└·Bupleurum falcatum [sickle-leaved hare's-ear, Chinese thoroughwax, sickle hare's ear, sickle-leaf hare's ear, 시호]
•Buttercup [crowfoot, 미나리아재비, 라넌큘러스; Ranunculus, 미나리아재비속]: riches; charm, fascination; criticism, criticize; innocence; beautiful personality | Florescence: May~July | 01/20, 02/18, 03/02, 05/02
└·Ranunculus abortivus [littleleaf buttercup, small-flower crowfoot, small-flowered buttercup, kidneyleaf buttercup]
└·Ranunculus acaulis [dune buttercup, sand buttercup, shore buttercup]
└·Ranunculus aconitifolius [aconite-leaf buttercup, bachelor's buttons]
└·Ranunculus acris [meadow buttercup, tall buttercup, common buttercup, giant buttercup]
└·Ranunculus alismifolius [plantainleaf buttercup]
└·Ranunculus andersonii [Anderson's buttercup]
└·Ranunculus eschscholtzii [Eschscholtz's buttercup]
└·Ranunculus pedatifidus [birdfoot buttercup, surefoot buttercup, northern buttercup]: Until we meet again | 07/08

[C]

•Cabbage: Profit

•Cactaceae [선인장과; cactus, 선인장, 仙人掌]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart, reckless love

└·Cactoideae [기둥선인장아과]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart

└·Maihuenioideae [의사엽선인장아과]

└·Opuntioideae [오푼티오이데아이, 부채선인장아과, 선인장아과, 仙人掌亞科]

└·Pereskioideae [나무선인장아과]

•Cactoideae [기둥선인장아과]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart

└·Carnegiea [기둥선인장]

└·Cereus [꼬리선인장속, 기둥선인장속; 케레우스, 기둥선인장]

└·Disocactus [디소칵투스속]: Passion, ardor, fervor

└·Epiphyllum [공작선인장속; climbing cacti, orchid cacti, leaf cacti]: Solitude of the night, love each other, just once

└·Gymnocalycium [chin cactus, red top, 비모란선인장]: Love, passion, ardor

└·Pachycereus [패키케레우스속, Marginatocereus, 마르기나토케리우스속]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart

└·Schlumbergera [스클룸베르게라속]: Ardent love

└·Selenicereus [달빛선인장속; moonlight cactus, moonlight cacti]: Mistress of the night, queen of the night

•Cactus [Cactaceae, 선인장과]: Warm heart, passion, ardor, fervor, reckless love, respect, burning heart | 07/29

•Caesalpinioideae [실거리나무아과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Calanthe [새우난초속; Christmas orchids]

└·Calanthe striata [syn. Calanthe sieboldii; island golden calanthe, 금새우난초]: Virtue

•Calceolaria [pocket plant, 칼세올라리아]: Help, aid, assistance, support

•Caldesia [둥근잎택사속; caldesia]: faith, religious belief

└·Caldesia parnassifolia [parnassus-leaf caldesia, 둥근잎택사]

•Calendula [금잔화속; marigold]

└·Calendula officinalis [common marigold, pot marigold, ruddles, Scotch marigold, Calendula, 매리골드, 금잔화, 金盞花, 금송화]: Warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; modesty, patience; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love; disappointment, anguish, grief; jealousy, malevolence | Florescence: June~September | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

•Califonia poppy [금영화; Eschscholzia californica]: Hope; sweetness, Please accept my hope

•Calla [칼라]: Purity, passion, cleanness; love for a thousand years, beginning and end of life, time

└·Calla: Leave me alone, slumber | 10/31

└-·Calla palustris

└·Zantedeschia: Ardor, delight; chastity | 10/31

└-·Zantedeschia aethiopica [giant white arum lily, common arum lily, arum lily, 칼라]: Flower: late winter - late spring; white-pink

└-·Zantedeschia albomaculata [spotted arum lily, 알보마쿨라타]: Flower: late winter; white-pale yellow-coral pink

└-·Zantedeschia elliottiana [yellow arum lily, golden arum lily, calla, calla lily, 노랑꽃칼라]: Flower: summer; gold-yellow

└-·Zantedeschia rehmannii [pink arum lily, calla, calla lily, 장미색칼라]: Flower: summer; white-pink-maroon

•Calla: Purity, passion, cleanness; love for a thousand years, beginning and end of life, time; leave me alone, slumber | 10/31

└·Calla palustris

•Callianthemum [매화바람꽃속]: short-lived love, love in vain, wait

└·Callianthemum insigne [Remarkable callianthemum, 매화바람꽃]

•Callistephus

└·By Species

└-·Callistephus chinensis [China aster, annual aster, 과꽃, 취국, 당국화]: Change, memory, abstraction, solid love; love of variety, fidelity | Florescence July~September | [KR] September | 04/22, 11/28

└·By Color

└-·White: belief | Florescence: July~September | 09/10

•Caltha [동의나물속; marsh marigold]: destined for happiness

└·Caltha palustris [kingcup, marsh marigold, 마쉬 매리골드, 동의나물]: Florescence: April~August; yellow

•Calycanthus [sweetshrub]

└·Calycanthus floridus [Carolina allspice, Carolina spicebush, 자주받침꽃]: Tendresse | 12/30

•Calystegia [메꽃속; bindweed, false bindweed, morning glory]: restriction, restraint; fidelity, loyalty; shyness, bashfulness

└·Calystegia pubescens [syn. Calystegia sepium var. japonica; short-hairy morning glory, Japanese bindweed, 메꽃]

└·Calystegia sepium [hedge bindweed, Rutland beauty, bugle vine, heavenly trumpets, bellbind, granny-pop-out-of-bed]

└-·Calystegia sepium var. japonica [syn. Calystegia pubescens Lindl.; short-hairy morning glory, Japanese bindweed, 메꽃]

•Camellia [동백나무속]: boasting, discretion, perception, prudence, humility; upright, integrity; I love you more than anyone else; noble love, attraction; fecundity; unpretending excellence | 04/29 

└·By Color

└-·Camellia (red) [동백 (빨강)]: hidden beauty | 12/10

└-·Camellia (white) [동백 (하양)]: noble intellect | 11/11

└·By Species

└-·Camellia japonica [동백나무]

•Campanula [초롱꽃속; bellflower, 캄파눌라]: Gratitude, appreciation; faithfulness, devotion, justice, enthusiasm; warm love, remain unchanged, tender love, satisfaction | 07/10, 11/21

└·Campanula americana [American bellflower] 

└·Campanula isophylla [캄파눌라 이소필라; Italian bellflower, star of Bethlehem, falling stars, trailing campanula] 

└·Campanula medium [Canterbery bell, bell flower]

└·Campanula punctata [spotted bellflower, 초롱꽃]

└·Campanula takesimana [Korean bellflower, 섬초롱꽃]: 10/25 (Dokdo Day)

•Campanulaceae [캄파눌라케아이, 초롱꽃과; bellflower family]

└·Adenophora [잔대속; ladybells]: undying love, eternal love

└·Campanula [초롱꽃속; bellflower, 캄파눌라]: Gratitude, appreciation; faithfulness, devotion, justice, enthusiasm; warm love, remain unchanged, tender love, satisfaction | 07/10, 11/21

└·Codonopsis [더덕속; codonopsis]: faithfulness, gratitude

└·Lobelia [숫잔대속; 로벨리아]: malevolence, distrust, resentment, the outset of the crisis; exquisiteness | 10/30

└·Platycodon [도라지속]: kind and warm; elegance, warm affection, hope, undying love, unchanging love, faithfulness, docility

•Campion [pink family, carnation family; Caryophyllaceae, 석죽과]

└·Lychnis [동자꽃속; campion, catchfly]: wait

└·Silene [끈끈이장구채속, 장구채속; campion, catchfly]: to stick like glue to, close-knit

└-·Silene acaulis [moss campion]

└-·Silene coronaria [syn. Lychnis coronaria; rose campion, dusty miller, mullein pink, bloody William, lamp-flower, 우단동자꽃]: faithfulness | 08/19

•Campsis [능소화속, 凌霄花屬; trumpet creeper, trumpet vine]: Woman, honor, glory, wait, longing

└·Campsis grandiflora [trumpet vine, Chinese trumpet creeper, Chinese trumpet vine, 능소화]: Woman, honor, glory, wait, longing | 08/06

└·Campsis radicans [trumpet vine, trumpet creeper, American trumpet vine, cow itch vine, hummingbird vine, 미국능소화]

•Campylotropis [꽃싸리속]: Nectar-source; secret garden, privy garden

└·Campylotropis macrocarpa [false bush-clover, 꽃싸리]

•Cannabaceae [삼과; hemp Family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Cannabis [hemp, marijuana]

└·Celtis [hackberries]

└·Humulus [환삼덩굴속; hops]: mom's hand, maternal love

•Cannabis

└·Cannabis indica: Destiny | 10/20

•Canterbury bells [종꽃, 초롱꽃]: Gratitude

└·Campanula [초롱꽃속; bellflower]

└-·Campanula medium [Canterbury bells]

└·Gloxinia [글록시니아속]: Glamor looks, flamboyant figure, desire

└-·Gloxinia perennis [Canterbury bells]

•Caprifoliaceae [인동과, 인동덩굴과; honeysuckle family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Lonicera [인동덩굴속; honeysuckle]: Love, devoted affection, love ties, bonds of love; gratitude, appreciation | 06/30

└·Patrinia [마타리속; patrinia]: warm heart, kindly feeling; beauty, beautiful woman; love without measure [← Valerianaceae(마타리과)]

└·Sambucus [딱총나무속; elder, elderberry]: Compassion | 07/25 [Caprifoliaceae(인동과) → Adoxaceae(연복초과)]

└·Scabiosa [체꽃속; scabious, pincushion flowers]: hopeless love

└·Viburnum [덜꿩나무속]: hesitation, indecision [Caprifoliaceae(인동과) → Adoxaceae(연복초과)]

└·Zabelia [자벨리아속 ← Abelia(댕강나무속; abelia)]: peace

​•Capsella [냉이속]

└·Capsella bursa-pastoris [shepherd's purse, naengi, 냉이]: A maiden in a spring day, I’ll give you all my goods

•Capsicum [chillies, peppers, capsicums, bell peppers]

└·Capsicum annuum [hot pepper, red pepper, 고추]: One's own efforts

└-·Capsicum annuum var. conoides ‘Chao Tian Jiao’ [facing heaven pepper, heaven chile, 朝天椒, 指天椒, 꽃고추, 하늘고추, 화초고추]: To have a tight, to harmonize

•Cardamine [syn. Dentaria, 황새냉이속; bittercress, bitter-cress, toothworts]: dedicated to you; flexibility

└·Cardamine flexuosa [bittercress, 황새냉이]: Florescence: March~May; White | 02/03, 03/07 

└·Cardamine hirsuta [hairy bittercress]

└·Cardamine komarovii [Asian bittercress, 는쟁이냉이]: I’ll give you my all, devotion

└·Cardamine leucantha [Korean bittercress, 미나리냉이]: dedicated to you

└·Cardamine lyrata [논냉이, paddy bittercress, East Asia cress, East Asia ivy]: Burning love | 04/26

•Carex [사초속, 莎草屬]: taking care of oneself, self-love | 09/19

└·Carex lehmannii [Lehman’s sedge, 레만사초]: taking care of oneself, self-love

└·Carex subumbellata [Subumbellate sedge, 구름사초]: childlike, innocence; one mind

•Carnation (general) [Dianthus caryophyllus, 카네이션]: Love, affection; charitableness; fascination; distinction | [GB, US] January, [KR] May | 05/08, 05/15

└·Color

└-·Carnation (blue): Undying love

└-·Carnation (green): Good fortune; Secret symbol of the followers of Oscar Wilde

└-·Carnation (mauve): Dreams of fantasy

└-·Carnation (pink): Affection, woman's love, mother's love, eternal love, passionate love

└-·Carnation (purple): Caprice, capriciousness, whimsicalness, changeableness, unreliability

└-·Carnation (red): Deep romantic love, passionate love, passion, love praying for your health, filial piety, filial love; poor love

└-·Carnation (white): Pure love, purity, faithfulness, ardent love, gratitude, good luck, commemoration, respect), innocence

└-·Carnation (yellow): Refusal, rejection, contempt, disdain, disappointment; regret, discoloration

└·Color pattern

└-·Carnation (solid color): Consent, affirmation

└-·Carnation (striped): Refusal

•Carnegiea [기둥선인장]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart

└· Carnegiea gigantea [saguaro, 사구아로선인장]

•Carpesium [담배풀속; carpesium]: feelings, mood

└·Carpesium abrotanoides [common carpesium, 담배풀]

•Carpobrotus: Exploit, patriotism | 11/05, 12/11

└·Carpobrotus edulis [Hottentot-fig, ice plant, highway ice plant, pigface]

•Caryocaraceae [카리오카르과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Caryophyllaceae [석죽과, 패랭이꽃과; pink family, carnation family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Lychnis [동자꽃속; campion, catchfly, 동자꽃]: wait

└·Saponaria [사포나리아속; soapworts]: memory, recollection

└·Silene [끈끈이장구채속, 장구채속; campion, catchfly]: to stick like glue to, close-knit

└·Spergula [spurry, spurrey, 들개미자리속]: I'm yours

•Castanea [Chestnut]: Do me justice, chastity; luxury, justice, fairness, tender love | 03/08 

•Catharanthus [일일초속; periwinkles]: friendship; pleasant memory, I am reminded of a joyful occasion, I remember a good thing; I love you | 02/24, 04/10

└·Catharanthus roseus [syn. Vinca rosea; bright eyes, Cape periwinkle, graveyard plant, Madagascar periwinkle, old maid, pink periwinkle, rose periwinkle, 일일초]

•Cauliflower [Brassica oleracea; 콜리플라워, 꽃양배추]: Blessing, bless, profit, instructive, edifying

•Caulophyllum [꿩의다리아재비속; blue cohosh, cohosh, papoose root, squaw root]: A fleeting moment of happiness, shortlived happiness

└·Caulophyllum robustum [Asian blue cohosh, 꿩의다리아재비]

•Cayratia [거지덩굴속] 

└-·Cayratia japonica [bushkiller, sorrel vine, false grape, 오렴매, 오룡초, 발룡갈, 거지덩굴]: Pleasure, love for all people, charity

•Cedar: Right-mindedness, grandeur, magnificence, live for you | Florescence: March; yellow, green | 02/15, 09/30

└·Cryptomeria [삼나무속]

└-·Cryptomeria japonica [Japanese cedar, 삼나무, 향나무]

└·Cedrus [개잎갈나무속; cedar]

└-·Cedrus deodara [Hymalaya cedar, 개잎갈나무]

└-·Cedrus libani [cedar of Lebanon, Lebanon cedar, 향백나무, 백향목, 栢香木]: grandeur, magnificence; glory, prosperity

•Cedrus [개잎갈나무속; cedar]

└·Cedrus deodara [Hymalaya cedar, 개잎갈나무]

└·Cedrus libani [cedar of Lebanon, Lebanon cedar, 향백나무, 백향목, 栢香木]: grandeur, magnificence; glory, prosperity

•Celandine: Joys to come

•Celastraceae [syn. Brexiaceae, Canotiaceae, Chingithamnaceae, Euonymaceae, Parnassiaceae, Siphonodontaceae, Stackhousiaceae, 노박덩굴과; staff vine, bittersweet family]: compathy, beginning of life 

└·Celastrus [노박덩굴속; bittersweet, staff tree, staff vine]: truth, gaiety

•Celastrus [노박덩굴속; bittersweet, staff tree, staff vine]: truth, gaiety

└·Celastrus orbiculatus [Oriental bittersweet, Asian bittersweet, round-leaved bittersweet, Asiatic bittersweet, 노박덩굴]

•Celosia [맨드라미속; woolflowers, cockscombs]: emotion, sentiment; appraisal, valuation; grudge, animosity; foppery, coxcombry, blind love, foolish passion, mystery, eternal life, undying love, health, fitness, burning love, torrid love

└·Celosia argentea [plumed cockscomb, silver cock's comb, 개맨드라미]: amaranthine love, unfading love, passion, ardor, eternal life

└-·Celosia argentea var. cristata [cockscomb, 맨드라미]

└·Celosia argentea L. [plumed cockscomb, silver cock's comb, 실맨드라미]

└·Celosia cristata [cockseomb, 맨드라미] [→ Celosia argentea var. cristata]

•Celtis sinensis [hackberry, 팽나무]: Nobility; (Korea) fecundity, abundance, peace | 03/10

•Centaurea cyanus [Cornflower, 수레국화, 센토레아]; (Species): Euphoria, happiness; delicacy, fragile beauty; pretty features, fragileness; solitude, missing one's mom | Florescence: August~October | 03/05, 08/02

•Cephalanthera [은대난초속; Ceph]

└· Cephalanthera erecta [erect cephalanthera, 은난초, 銀蘭草]: Retentive memory, brightness 

└-· Cephalanthera erecta var. subaphylla (Miyabe & Kudô) Ohwi [short erect cephalanthera, 꼬마은난초]

Cerastium [mouse-ear chickweed, common mouse-ear, starweed, 점나도나물]: Naive | Florescence: May∼July, White | 01/25

•Cereus [꼬리선인장속, 기둥선인장속; 케레우스, 기둥선인장]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart

└·Cereus hexagonus [lady of the night cactus]

└·Cereus repandus [syn. Cereus peruvianus; Peruvian apple cactus, giant club cactus, hedge cactus, cadushi, curiosity plant, 암석사자선인장, 巖石獅子, 鬼面角]

•Ceropegia woodii [rosary vine, string of hearts, 러브체인]: Strong love

•Chaenomeles [명자나무속; flowering quince]: discrimination, discriminate, distinction, differentiation; commonness, commonplaceness, neat and proper, clean, early maturity, premature growth, modesty, humility, naive, pure

└·Chaenomeles speciosa [syn. Chaenomeles lagenaria; flowering quince, Chinese quince, 명자나무]: discrimination, discriminate, distinction, differentiation; commonness, commonplaceness, neat and proper, clean, early maturity, premature growth, modesty, humility, naive, pure

└·Chaenomeles sinensis [(동아시아) quince, 모과, 木瓜, 木果]: commonness; freak, prematurity; passion | 02/02

•Chamaecyparis [편백속; cypress, false cypress]: Immortality; eternal fragrance | 12/31

└·Chamaecyparis obtusa [hinoki cypress, hinoki, 편백]

•Chamomile [camomile; (Family) Asteraceae]: Perseverance, energy in adversity | Florescence: | 02/14 

└·German chamomile [chamomile, camomile; (Species) Matricaria chamomilla]: Perseverance, energy in adversity | Florescence: May~September; white | 02/14 

└·Roman chamomile [chamomile, camomile; (Species) Chamaemelum nobile]: Perseverance, energy in adversity | Florescence: May~September | 02/14 

•Cheesewood: love in a dream, favoritism

└·Alstonia scholaris [white cheesewood]

└·Melodorum fruticosum [white cheesewood]

└·Pittosporum [돈나무속; cheesewood, pittosporums]

└·Nauclea orientalis [Leichhardt tree, yellow cheesewood, Canary cheesewood]

•Chenopodiaceae [명아주과 → Amaranthaceae(비름과)]

└·Bassia [syn. Kochia, 댑싸리속: smotherweed]: modesty, humbleness, pure, elegant, nice-looking beauty

└·Chenopodium [명아주속; goosefoot]: untruth, falsehood, trick, deception

•Chenopodium [명아주속; goosefoot]: untruth, falsehood, trick, deception

└·Chenopodium album [lamb's quarters, melde, goosefoot, manure weed, fat-hen]

└-·Chenopodium album L. var. album [흰명아주]

└-·Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum [red-center goosefoot, 명아주]

└-·Chenopodium album var. stenophyllum Makino [가는명아주]

•Cherry blossom [Prunus serrulata]: A good education, sophistication, transience of life, gentleness, beautiful mind, tender heart; stunner, beauty; binding, lie; spring, purity, virgin (in the Occident); flower, virginal beauty, fruit, fruit of heaven (in Christianity); kindness, riches, prosperity (in Japan); feminine beauty (in China)

•Chestnut [(Genus) Castanea]: Do me justice, chastity; luxury, justice, fairness, tender love | 03/08 

└·Chestnut blossom: Sincerity

•Chimaphila [매화노루발속; Prince’s pine, Wintergreen]: girl's prayer

└·Chimaphila japonica [Asian prince’s pine, 매화노루발]

​•Chimonanthus

└·Chimonanthus praecox [wintersweet, Korean allspice, Japanese allspice, 납매, 蠟梅, 臘梅]: Tendresse | 12/30

•China aster [annual aster, 과꽃, 취국, 당국화; Callistephus]: Change, memory, abstraction, solid love; love of variety, fidelity | Florescence July~September | [KR] September | 04/22, 11/28

└·China aster (white) [과꽃 (하양)]: belief | Florescence: July~September | 09/10

•Chocolate lily: Love, curse

└·Fritillaria [패모속]

└-·Fritillaria biflora [chocolate lily, mission bells]

└-·Fritillaria camschatcensis [Kamchatka fritillary, Kamchatka lily, rice lily, northern rice-root, skunk lily, dirty diaper, outhouse lily, chocolate lily, 검은 백합, 검정패모, 흑패모, 흑백합, 흑나리, 검정나리, 검정백합, 쿠로유리, 조선패모,스컹크백합]

└·Dichopogon

└-·Dichopogon strictus [chocolate lily]

•Christmas rose: Memory; to allay my anxious fears | 12/26

└·Helleborus [hellebores, Christmas rose, winter rose, lenten rose]

└-·Helleborus niger [Christmas rose, black hellebore]

•Chrysanthemum [syn. Dendranthema; mums, chrysanths, 국화, 菊花]: Compassion, friendship, joy; faithfulness, fidelity, nobility, truth; brightness, nobleness, noble-mindedness, peace, integrity, pure and elegant, refined and elegant | Florescence: September~November | [GB, US] November | 12/09 | [Lunar] 09/09 

└·Color

└-·Chrysanthemum (magenta): Love, I love you | 12/13

└-·Chrysanthemum (purple): Brightness, refined and elegant

└-·Chrysanthemum (red): Love, I love you, honest | 10/01 

└-·Chrysanthemum (yellow): Preciousness, unrequited love, disappointment, jealousy; overcoming hardships

└-·Chrysanthemum (white) [국화 (하양)]: truth; death, commemoration; innocence | 10/14 

└·Species

└-·Chrysanthemum coccineum [페르시아국화, Persian chrysanthemum]: Competitive | 04/13 

└-·Chrysanthemum frutescens [syn. Argyranthemum frutescens; marguerite, marguerite daisy, Paris daisy, 마거리트데이지]: love in mind; freedom, liberty; truelove, prophecy, prediction, foretell somebody's love, unveil a secret | 09/03

└-·Chrysanthemum indicum [syn. Dendranthema indicum; Indian chrysanthemum, Indian dendranthema, 감국, 甘菊, 황국, 黃菊]: The fragrance of fall

└-·Chrysanthemum morifolium [florist's daisy, hardy garden mum]

└-·Chrysanthemum zawadskii [syn. Dendranthema zawadskii; Korean chrysanthemum; 구절초, 九節草, 들국화]: Mother's love, purity, pureness | [Lunar] 09/09

•Chrysobalanaceae [크리소발라누스과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Chrysosplenium [괭이눈속; golden saxifrage, golden-saxifrage]

└·Chrysosplenium grayanum [gray's golden saxifrage, 괭이눈]: Gold of valley, hidden fortune, fickle-minded

└·Chrysosplenium pilosum [globose-fruit golden saxifrage, 금괭이눈]: Fickle-minded, valley of gold, fleeting grace | Flower: April~June

•Cicuta [독미나리속; cowbane, poison parsnip, water hemlock]: no regret for death

└·Cicuta virosa [cowbane, northern water hemlock, water hemlock, 독미나리]

•Cirsium [엉겅퀴속; thistle]: nobility, warning; independence; strictness, austerity, Don’t touch me; loner, sobriety

└·Cirsium arizonicum [Arizona thistle]

└·Cirsium arvense [creeping thistle, field thistle, Canada thistle]

└·Cirsium carolinianum [Carolina thistle, soft thistle]

└·Cirsium hookerianum [white thistle]

└·Cirsium horridulum [yellow thistle]

└·Cirsium japonicum [Japanese thistle, 엉겅퀴]

└·Cirsium mexicanum [Mexican thistle]

└·Cirsium navajoense [Navajo thistle]

└·Cirsium neomexicanum [lavender thistle, New Mexico thistle, powderpuff thistle]

└·Cirsium perplexans [Rocky Mountain thistle]

└·Cirsium rhinoceros [Korean prickly thistle]

└·Cirsium setidens [gondre, Korean thistle, 고려엉겅퀴]: Sobriety, seriousness, independence; Don't touch it

└·Cirsium texanum [Texas thistle]

└·Cirsium toraiense [Dongrae thistle, 동래엉겅퀴]: independence, sobriety, seriousness, strictness, sternness, lonely love

└·Cirsium virginianum [Virginia thistle]

└·Cirsium vulgare [bull thistle, common thistle, spear thistle]

•Cistus [rock rose, 시스투스]: Popularity | 08/09

•Citrus [감귤속, 귤속, 橘屬]: love, platonic love, purity

└·Citrus bergamia [bergamot orange]

└·Citrus japonica [syn. Fortunella japonica; kumquat, cumquat, 금귤, 낑깡]: Purity, childhood friend, childhood friendship

└·Citrus limon [lemon, 레몬]: fervor, sincere love, chastity; I adore you from my heart

└·Citrus reticulata [mandarin orange, mandarin, mandarine, 감귤나무]: Love, platonic love, purity

└·Citrus trifoliata [Poncirus trifoliata; trifoliate orange, Japanese bitter-orange, hardy orange, Chinese bitter orange]

└·Citrus unshiu [unshiu orange, unshu mikan, cold hardy mandarin, satsuma mandarin, satsuma orange, naartjie, tangerine, 귤나무, 온주귤, 溫州橘, 온주밀감, 溫州蜜柑]: Love, platonic love, purity

└·Citrus × sinensis [Citrus aurantium, Sweet Orange Group, 당귤나무]: The joy of bride, purity, generous mind, liberal mind | 09/07, 09/24

└·Citrus × aurantium [bitter orange, Seville orange, sour orange, bigarade orange, marmalade orange]

•Clarkia

└·Clarkia amoena [syn. Godetia amoena; 고데티아, ゴデチア, godetia, farewell to spring]: Pure love

└·Clarkia bottae [punchbowl godetia, Botta's clarkia, Botta's fairyfan, hill clarkia]: Pure love

•Clematis [으아리속; clematis, traveller's joy]: beauty of mind, beautiful mind, noble-mindedness | 09/12

└·Clematis apiifolia [Aoiifolia virgin's bower, 사위질빵]: ridicule

└·Clematis florida [위령선, 威靈仙, Chinese clematis, Asian clematis]

└·Clematis koreana [Korean clematis]

└·Clematis patens [큰꽃으아리]

└·Clematis serratifolia [hermitgold clematis; 개버무리]: soaring crane, flight of cranes

└·Clematis terniflora [sweet autumn clematis, sweet autumn virginsbower]

└-·Clematis terniflora var. mandshurica (Rupr.) Ohwi [sweet autumn clematis, sweet autumn virginsbower, Korean virgin's bower, コウライセンニンソウ, 辣蓼铁线莲, 圆锥铁线莲, 으아리]: noble-mindedness, beauty of your heart

•Cleomaceae [풍접초과, Capparaceae; caper family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Cleome [풍접초속; spider flowers, spider plants, spider weeds, bee plants]

•Cleretum [클레레툼속]: hope, wish

└-·Cleretum bellidiforme [syn. Dorotheanthus bellidiformis; livingstone daisy, 리빙스톤데이지]

•Clerodendrum [누리장나무속; bagflower, bleeding-heart, glorybower]: Love, affection, pure love; glory

└·Clerodendrum trichotomum [harlequin glorybower, glorytree, peanut butter tree, 누리장나무]

•Clethraceae [매화오리나무과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Climbing plant [winder, liana, creeper, bindweed, climber, creeping plants, vine]: Beauty | 03/25 

└·Akebia [으름덩굴속]: talent 

└-·Akebia quinata [fchocolate vine, five-leaf chocolate vine, five-leaved akebia, アケビ, 으름덩굴]

└·Cayratia [거지덩굴속] 

└··Cayratia japonica [bushkiller, sorrel vine, false grape, 오렴매, 오룡초, 발룡갈, 거지덩굴]: Pleasure, love for all people, charity 

└·Celastrus [노박덩굴속] 

└··Celastrus orbiculatus [노박덩굴]: Truth, gaiety 

└·Clematis [으아리속; clematis, traveller's joy]: beauty of mind, beautiful mind, noble-mindedness | 09/12

└-·Clematis apiifolia [Aoiifolia virgin's bower, 사위질빵]: ridicule

└-·Clematis terniflora [sweet autumn clematis, sweet autumn virginsbower]

└--·Clematis terniflora var. mandshurica (Rupr.) Ohwi [sweet autumn clematis, sweet autumn virginsbower, Korean virgin's bower, コウライセンニンソウ, 辣蓼铁线莲, 圆锥铁线莲, 으아리]: noble-mindedness, beauty of your heart

└·Cocculus [댕댕이덩굴속; coralbead, moonseed]: supererogation

└-·Cocculus orbiculatus [queen coralbead, three-lobed moonseed, 댕댕이덩굴]

└·Codonopsis [더덕속; codonopsis]: faithfulness, gratitude

└-·Codonopsis lanceolata [deodeok, lance Asiabell, bonnet bellflower, 더덕]

└·Cucumis [오이속]: Change, respect, affection 

└-·Cucumis sativus [cucumber, 오이]

└·Cuscuta [새삼속]: sobriety, seriousness, authority; independence, don't touch; anew

└-·Cuscuta japonica [Japanese dodder, 새삼] 

└·Dioscorea [마속; yam]: destiny | 10/20

└-·Dioscorea polystachya [syn. Dioscorea batatas; Chinese yam, 마]

└·Dolichos [편두속] 

└-·Dolichos lablab [syn. Lablab purpureus; hyacinth bean, 편두, 扁豆]: Destined happiness [Dolichos(편두속) → Lablab(랍랍속)]

└·Hedera [송악속] 

└··Hedera helix [English ivy, 양담쟁이]: Faithfulness, love full of fortune, love with fortune; distinguishment, deception 

└·Humulus [환삼덩굴속]: mom's hand, maternal love

└-·Humulus japonicus [환삼덩굴, Japanese hop]

└-·Humulus lupulus [hop, 홉, 호프]: Sincerity, innocent and naive 

└·Ipomoea [미국나팔꽃속], Pharbitis [나팔꽃속] 

└··Ipomoea nil [Pharbitis nil;  white-edged morning glory, ivy morning glory, Japanese morning glory, 나팔꽃]: Pleasure, unity; daintiness, love, magic; love in vain, meaningless love, longing 

└·Lonicera [인동덩굴속; honeysuckle]: love, gratitude, appreciation; love ties 

└-·Lonicera japonica [Japanese honeysuckle, golden-and-silver honeysuckle, 인동덩굴]

└·Menispermum [새모래덩굴속]: Beauty; give alms

└-·Menispermum dauricum [Dauuria moonseed, コウモリカズラ, 蝙蝠藤, 새모래덩굴] 

└·Parthenocissus [담쟁이덩굴속, creeper, Virginia creeper]: Friendship; gorgeous magnetism; dependence, endurance, faithfulness | 01/21

└-·Parthenocissus tricuspidata [ivy, Boston ivy, grape ivy, 담쟁이덩굴]

└·Persicaria [여뀌속; knotweeds, smartweeds]: the end of the study, graduation

└-·Persicaria hydropiper [water-pepper, water pepper, marshpepper knotweed, 여뀌]

└-·Persicaria perfoliata [Asian tearthumb, 며느리배꼽]: Hopeless love 

└·Phaseolus [강낭콩속]: Happy life 

└··Phaseolus vulgaris [kidney bean, common bean, 덩굴강낭콩] 

└·Pisum [완두속]: happy marriage, fecundity, joy of future

└-·Pisum sativum [pea, garden bean, 완두, 豌豆] 

└·Pueraria [칡속]: sigh of love

└-·Pueraria montana [kudzu, kudzu vine, クズ, 野葛, 칡]

└·Smilax [청미래덩굴속]: fun, mischief

└-·Smilax china [Chinese catbrier, Chinese smilax, 청미래덩굴]

└·Tylophora [왜박주가리속]: far journey 

└-·Tylophora floribunda [many-flower tylophora, 왜박주가리]

└·Vanilla [바닐라속]: Frugal, unaffected, plain 

└··Vanilla planifolia [common vanilla, 바닐라덩굴] 

└·Vitis [포도속]: delight, benevolence, delight, charity, trust; mercy, pleasure

└-· Vitis coignetiae [wild grapes, wild grapevines, Korean wild grapes, muscadine, scuppernong, 머루]: Delight, charity, benevolence 

└-·Vitis vinifera [grape vine, vine, 포도]

└·Wisteria [등속] 

└··Wisteria floribunda [Japanese wisteria; Wisteria floribunda, 등나무]: Love; welcome

•Clintonia [나도옥잠화속]

└·Clintonia udensis [common broadlily, 나도옥잠화, 제비옥잠화]: Presence of mind, quiet love

•Clover [클로버, 토끼풀; (Genus) Trifolium]: Undying love, cheerfulness, influence, promise, luck, peace | 05/29, 06/17, 06/23, 08/31 

└·Date 

└··[05/29] Clover: Cheerfulness 

└··[06/17] Clover: Influence 

└··[06/23] Clover: Exorcism 

└··[08/31] Clover: Promise 

└·Leaves 

└··Three-leaf clover:  Promise, luck, peace; happiness | 03/17 (St. Patrick) 

└··Four-leaf clover: Good luck, hope; love, please be my love 

└··Five-leaf clover: Bad luck, misfortune, unhappiness 

└·Colour 

└-·Red clover [Trifolium pratense]: Happiness, promise, with you, Think of me all the time; industry 

└-·White clover [Trifolium repens]: I promise

•Clusiaceae [클루시아과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Cobaea [코베아속]: change, alteration

└·Cobaea scandens [cup-and-saucer vine, cathedral bells, Mexican ivy, monastery bells, 멕시칸아이비]: change, alteration | Mexico

•Cocculus [댕댕이덩굴속; coralbead, moonseed]: supererogation

└·Cocculus orbiculatus [queen coralbead, three-lobed moonseed, 댕댕이덩굴]

•Cochlospermaceae [코클로스페르뭄과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Codonopsis [더덕속; codonopsis]: faithfulness, gratitude

└·Codonopsis lanceolata [deodeok, lance Asiabell, bonnet bellflower, 더덕]

└·Codonopsis pilosula [pilose bellflower, dang shen, poor man's ginseng, 만삼]: to bring good luck

•Columbine [매발톱; Aquilegia]: The emblem of deceived lovers, ingratitude, faithlessness; vow of victory | 05/14

└·Columbine (red) [crimson columbine; Aquilegia formosa]: Gratitude, appreciation | 06/02

└·Columbine (yellow) [Aquilegia flavescens]: Stupidity, dullness

•Combretaceae [사군자과, 콤브레타과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Commelinaceae [닭의장풀과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Commiphora [콤미포라속; myrrh]: truth; false love | 11/09

└·Commiphora abyssinica [Abyssinian myrrh, Yemen myrrh]: truth; false love

└·Commiphora myrrha [syn. Commiphora molmol; myrrh, African myrrh, herabol myrrh, Somali myrrhor, common myrrh, gum myrrh, 몰약나무]: truth; false love

•Compositae [Asteraceae, 국화과, 菊花科; aster, daisy, composite, sunflower family]

└·Adenocaulon [멸가치속; trailplant]: I defer all things to you, I leave everything to you

└·Ambrosia [돼지풀속]: Happy relationship, glow of love; eternal life, immortality | 12/05

└·Argyranthemum [아르기란테뭄속; marguerite, marguerite daisy, dill daisy]: love in mind; freedom, liberty; truelove, prophecy, prediction, foretell somebody's love, unveil a secret | 09/03

└·Artemisia [아르테미시아, 쑥속, 향쑥속; mugwort, wormwood, sagebrush]: peace

└·Aster [참취속, 개미취속]: Patience, daintiness, remembrance, longing; deep emotional love, affection, love, magic, talisman of love, trust | Florescence: July~October | [UK, US] September

└·Bellis [벨리스속]: Hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└·Bidens [도깨비바늘속; beggarticks, black jack, burr marigolds, cobbler's pegs, Spanish needles, stickseeds, tickseeds, tickseed sunflowers]: excitement

└·Brachyscome [브라키스코메속]: clear, elegant, highbrow, radiant heart

└·Carpesium [담배풀속; carpesium]: feelings, mood

└·Chrysanthemum [국화속, 菊花屬; mums, chrysanths]

└·Cirsium [엉겅퀴속; thistle]: nobility, warning; independence; strictness, austerity, Don’t touch me; loner, sobriety

└·Coreopsis [금계국속, 기생초속; calliopsis, tickseed]: always cheerful, good frame of mind; competitive spirit | 04/13

└·Cosmos [코스모스속; cosmos]: Girl's pure love, shy girl, love, affection; harmony, balance; mysterious phenomenon; artificial flower; condolence flowers; honor

└·Dahlia [달리아속, 다알리아속; dahlia]: Elegance and dignity; splendor, passion, instability; gratitude; I'm glad to know your mind; passion, ardor | 09/15

└·Echinops [절굿대속; globe thistles]: guard, alert; boundary, border

└·Erigeron [개망초속; fleabane]: reconciliation

└·Eupatorium [등골나물속; boneset, snakeroot, thoroughwort]: hesitation, indecision

└·Gerbera [거베라속]: mystery, mystic, insoluble puzzle

└·Glebionis [글에비오니스속]: fresh love

└·Gnaphalium [그나팔리움, 왜떡쑥속; cudweeds]: truth, truthful ideas; I love only you; child's shyness

└·Helianthus [해바라기속; sunflower]: Pure and lofty thoughts, adoration, affection and longing, waiting, longing, worship; wish, brilliance, belief, will, faith; pride; false wealth, fake gold coin | 07/06, 08/15

└·Helipterum

└·Inula [금불초속]: tragic love, disappointed love

└·Ismelia [이스멜리아속]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└·Leucanthemum [레우칸테뭄속]: endurance, pureness, peace

└·Liatris [리아트리스속; blazing star]: expectation, anticipation; insist, persist, obstinate person, stubborn person, obstinacy, stubbornness; noble-mindedness, noble character

└·Melampodium [멜람포디움속]: Hope, peace; purity, pure heart; genuine, sincere

└·Osteospermum [오스테오스페르뭄속; daisybushes, African daisy, 아프리칸데이지]: energy, vitality, recovery, restoration, happiness, bliss

└·Pseudognaphalium [프세우도그나팔리움, 떡쑥속; cudweeds, rabbit tobacco]: truth, truthful ideas; I love only you; child's shyness

└·Rhodanthe [로단테속; sunray, pink paper daisy]: remain permanently, everlasting, timeless, eternal love

└·Rhodanthemum [syn. Chrysanthemopsis, Pyrethropsis, 로단테뭄속; Moroccan daisy]: chastity, fidelity

└·Rudbeckia [루드베키아속; coneflowers, black-eyed-susans]: justice, righteousness; definition, define; eternal happiness, perpetual bliss

└·Scorzonera [쇠채속]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

└·Tagetes [타게테스, 천수국속, 千壽菊屬]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

└·Tithonia [멕시코해바라기속]: worship, waiting

└·Tragopogon [쇠채아재비속]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

└·Verbesina [나래가막사리속; crownbeard]: Fully ripened love

└·Wedelia [creepingoxeye, wedelia, 갯금불초속]: freshness

└·Xanthium [cocklebur, 도꼬마리속]: insist, persist, charms, winsomeness

•Conium [독당근속, 나도독미나리속; poison hemlock]: no regret for death

└·Conium maculatum [hemlock, poison hemlock, 독당근, 독미나리]

•Consolea [콘솔레아속]: intense love, fire of love

└·Consolea rubescens [만세선인장]: intense love, fire of love

•Consolida [콘솔리다속; larkspur]: justice, freedom, liberty

└·Consolida ajacis [syn. Consolida ambigua, Delphinium ajacis, Delphinium ambiguum; doubtful knight's spur, rocket larkspur]

•Convallaria majalis [lily of the valley, May lily, 은방울꽃]: Love, pure love, appreciation; humility, chastity, purity, sweetness, happiness, returning happiness, certainly be happy, trust; delicacy; hope | [UK, US] May | 05/05

•Convolvulaceae [메꽃과; morning glory family, bindweed family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Calystegia [메꽃속; bindweed, false bindweed, morning glory]: restriction, restraint; fidelity, loyalty; shyness, bashfulness

└·Cuscuta [새삼속]: sobriety, seriousness, authority; independence, don't touch; anew

└·Ipomoea [나팔꽃속, 미국나팔꽃속, syn. Pharbitis; morning glories]: daintiness, love, magic; pleasure, unity; love in vain, meaningless love

└·Quamoclit [유홍초속]: lovely forever

•Conyza [망초속]: reconciliation, rapprochement, conciliation; It makes people close to each other happy, and people far away come closer [→ Erigeron(개망초속)]

└·Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist [Erigeron canadensis L.; horseweed, Canadian horseweed, Canadian fleabane, coltstail, marestail, butterweed, 망초]: reconciliation, rapprochement, conciliation; It makes people close to each other happy, and people far away come closer

•Coreanomecon [syn. Chelidonium; 매미꽃속]: butterfly of spring

└·Coreanomecon hylomeconoides [syn. Chelidonium hylomeconoides; Korean forest poppy, 매미꽃]

•Coreopsis [금계국속, 기생초속; calliopsis, tickseed]: always cheerful, good frame of mind; competitive spirit | 04/13

└·Coreopsis bigelovii [desert daisy, 사막데이지] 

└·Coreopsis drummondii [syn. Coreopsis basalis; Golden-mane Coreopsis, golden-wave, 금계국, 金鷄菊]

└·Coreopsis tinctoria [기생초]: sentimentality, memory, recollection, ardent joy; beautiful, gorgeous

•Coriaceae [층층나무과]

└·Aucuba [식나무속]: Do not copy me, young and beautiful

Coriander: Lust

•Corn [maize옥수수; Zea mays]: Riches, wealth, valuables, treasures; making a big fortune on a single occasion | 08/04

개양귀비 [red poppy, corn poppy, field poppy]: 약한 사랑, 덧없는 사랑

•Cornaceae [층층나무과, 산수유나무과 ← Alangiaceae (박쥐나무과)]

└·Alangium [박쥐나무속]: wealth, riches

└·Cornus [층층나무속; dogwoods]: protection, preservation

•Cornflower [수레국화, 센토레아; (Species) Centaurea cyanus]: Euphoria, happiness; delicacy, fragile beauty; pretty features, fragileness; solitude, missing one's mom | Florescence: August~October | 03/05, 08/02

•Cornus [층층나무속; dogwoods]: protection, preservation

└·Cornus walteri [Walter's dogwood, 말채나무]

•Corydalis [현호색속]

└·Corydalis grandicalyx [large-sepal corydalis, 갈퀴현호색]: Lucky bag, treasure, secret, confidence

└·Corydalis pallida [pale-yellow corydalis, 괴불주머니]: Lucky bag, treasure chest

•Corylus [개암나무속; hazel]

└·Corylus avellana [common hazel]

└·Corylus heterophylla [Asian hazel, 개암나무]: Reconciliation, delight, peace; great pair, good couple; exorcism | 10/06

•Cosmos [코스모스속; cosmos]: Girl's pure love, shy girl, love, affection; harmony, balance; mysterious phenomenon; artificial flower; condolence flowers; honor

└·Cosmos bipinnatus [cosmos, common cosmos, garden cosmos, Mexican aster, 코스모스]

└·Cosmos sulphureus [yellow cosmos, sulfur cosmos, 노랑코스모스, 황금코스모스]: Girl's purity, love, affection, unpolished beauty

•Cottonwood [미루나무, (Species) Populus deltoides]: Honor, glory | Florescence: March~April

•Cowbane [northern water hemlock, water hemlock, 독미나리; Cicuta virosa]: no regret for death | 03/15

능금나무 [(crab) apple tree]: 은화, 참애호자

Cowslip: Winning grace

•Crassulaceae [크라술라케아이, 돌나물과; stonecrop family, orpine family, houseleek]

└·Hylotelephium [꿩의비름속; live-for-ever, orpine, stonecrop]: perennial youth and long life

└·Meterostachys [난쟁이바위솔속; meterostachys]: Diligence, industry

└·Orostachys [바위솔속]: diligence in housework

└·Sedum [돌나물속, 세둠속; stonecrops]: a girl's love

└·Sempervivum [houseleeks, liveforever]: forever alive

•Crepis [크레피스속; hawksbeard, hawk's-beard]

└·Crepis coreana [syn. Hieracium coreanum; Korean hawkweed, 껄껄이풀, 넓은잎조밥나물, 고려조밥나물]: Guard, vigilance; boundary

•Crinum [문주란속]: immaculateness, seraphicalness, innocence, purity

└·Crinum asiaticum [poison bulb, giant crinum lily, grand crinum lily, spider lily]: immaculateness, seraphicalness, innocence, purity

└-·Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum [문주란]: immaculateness, seraphicalness, innocence, purity

•Crocus [크로커스, spring crocus]: Youthful joy, love, youth without regret, delight of youth, joy of believing, restlessness | Florescence: February~March | 01/03, 02/15 (Lupercalia)

└·By Color

└-·Crocus (yellow) [노란 크로커스]: Joy of youth; believe me

└·By Species

└-·Crocus flavus [yellow crocus, Dutch yellow crocus, 노란크로커스]: Joy of youth; believe me

└-·Crocus sativus [saffron, saffron crocus, autumn crocus, 사프란]: Beauty of moderation; delight, old happiness; (Orient) welcome | Florescence: October~November | 01/24, 09/21

•Crotalaria

└·Crotalaria juncea [brown hemp, Indian hemp, Madras hemp, sunn hemp, 숙마, 菽麻]: Destiny | 10/20

•Crowfoot [buttercup, 미나리아재비, 라넌큘러스, (Genus) Ranunculus]: Riches; charm, fascination; criticism, criticize; innocence; beautiful personality | Florescence: May~July | 01/20, 02/18, 03/02, 05/02

•Cruciferae [Brassicaceae, 겨자과, 십자화과, 十字花科, 배추과; mustard family, cabbage family, mustards, crucifers]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Diplotaxis [모래냉이속; wall-rocket]: I give my everything, devotion, dedication

└·Thlaspi [말냉이속]: I will give everything to you

•Crypsinus [syn. Selliguea, 고란초속]: Don't give up

└·Crypsinus hastata [syn. Selliguea hastatus; spear-leaf selliquea fern, 고란초, 皐蘭草]

•Cryptomeria [삼나무속]

└·Cryptomeria japonica [cedar, Japanese cedar, 삼나무, 향나무]: Right-mindedness, grandeur, live for you | Florescence: March; yellow, green | 02/15, 09/30

•Cucumis [오이속]: change, respect, affection

└·Cucumis melo [melon, muskmelon, 멜론]: gluttony, satiation | 10/10

└·Cucumis sativus [cucumber, 오이]: change, respect, affection

•Cucurbita [호박속; squash, pumpkin]: Vast; detoxification | 07/31

└·Cucurbita moschata [butternut squash, 'Dickinson' pumpkin, golden cushaw, 호박]

└·Cucurbita maxima [winter squash, pumpkin, 서양호박]

└·Cucurbita pepo [field pumpkin, summer squash, zucchini, vegetable marrow, courgette, acorn squash, 페포호박]: Kindhearted

•Cucurbitaceae [박과; gourd family, squash family, cucurbits, melon, cucumber, calabash]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Cucumis [오이속]: change, respect, affection 

└·Cucurbita [호박속; squash, pumpkin]: Vast; detoxification | 07/31

└·Gynostemma [돌외속; gynostemma]: everlasting dearness, unchanging endearingness

└·Trichosanthes [하늘타리속]: Everlasting dearness, invariable endearingness

•Cudrania [syn. Maclura, 꾸지뽕나무속; cudrania]: Wisdom, sagacity; longevity, long life; commander, general

└·Cudrania tricuspidata [syn. Maclura tricuspidata; cudrang, mandarin melon berry, silkworm thorn, zhe, che, 柘, Chinese mulberry, 꾸지뽕나무]

•Cumquat [kumquat, 금귤, 낑깡; Citrus japonica, syn. Fortunella japonica]: Purity, childhood friend, childhood friendship

•Cunoniaceae [쿠노니아과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Cupressaceae [측백나무과; conifer family, cypress family]

└·Chamaecyparis [편백속; cypress, false cypress]: Immortality; eternal fragrance | 12/31

└·Juniperus [향나무속; juniper]: Immortality; eternal fragrance | 12/31

└·Platycladus [측백나무속]

└·Thuja [눈측백속; arborvitaes, thujas, cedars]: Health, fitness

•Cuscuta [새삼속; dodder]: sobriety, seriousness, authority; independence, don't touch; anew

└·Cuscuta japonica [Japanese dodder, 새삼]: sobriety, seriousness, authority; independence, don't touch; anew 

└·Cuscuta pentagona [fiveangled dodder, 미국실새삼]: gratitude, appreciation; inspection, audit

Cyclamen [시클라멘]: Introverted personality; modesty, shyness; past love, jealousy; shame, doubt | Florescence: November~March

•Cydonia [마르멜로속; quince]: temptation

└·Cydonia oblonga [marmelo, quince, 마르멜로, 모과, 木瓜, 木果]: temptation, lure, allurement, enticement, seductiontemtation; commonness; freak, prematurity; passion | 02/02, 09/14

•Cymbalaria [덩굴해란초속]: eternal love

└·Cymbalaria muralis [ivy-leaved toadflax, Kenilworth ivy, coliseum ivy, Oxford ivy, mother of thousands, pennywort, wandering sailor, 덩굴해란초]

•Cymbidium [춘란속, 보춘화속, 심비듐속, 심비디움속; boat orchids]: Refined beauty, elegant beauty

└·Cymbidium goeringii [noble orchid, 춘란, 春蘭, 보춘화, 報春花, 보춘란, 報春蘭]: Simple mind

•Cynanchum [백미꽃속]: I want to stay with you

└·Cynanchum japonicum [Japanese swallow-wort, 덩굴민백미꽃]: I want to stay with you

•Cyperaceae [키페라케아이, 사초과, 莎草科]

└·Carex [사초속, 莎草屬]: taking care of oneself, self-love | 09/19

Cypress: Death, mourning, despair, sorrow.

•Cypripedium [복주머니란속; slipper orchids, lady's slipper orchids, moccasin flower, camel's foot, squirrel foot, steeple cap, Venus' shoes, whippoorwill shoe]: good news, hope, wish

└·Cypripedium calceolus [lady’s slipper orchid; 노랑복주머니란]: glad news, delightful tidings, hope, wish

​└·Cypripedium japonicum [Korean lady's slipper, Korean cypripedium, Japanese cypripedium, 광릉요강꽃]: mermaid in the woods

└·Cypripedium macranthos [syn. Cypripedium macranthum; large-flowered cypripedium, 복주머니란, 개불알꽃]: changeable love, stunning beauty

└-·Cypripedium macranthos f. rebunense [Cypripedium macranthum var. rebunense; 레분복주머니란]: good news, hope, wish

•Cytisus [양골담초속; broom]

└·Cytisus scoparius [broom, scotch broom, common broom, 양골담초, 洋骨擔草, 금작화, 金雀花]: Pure and elegant, humility, love for all people, philanthropic

[D]

Daffodil [나팔수선화, 喇叭水仙花]: Spring, rebirth, domestic happiness, respect, regard and friendship; Uncertainty, chivalry, respect or unrequited love, return my affection; new beginnings | Florescence: December~March | [GB, UK] March | 04/03

•Dahlia [달리아속, 다알리아속; dahlia]: Elegance and dignity; splendor, passion, instability; gratitude; I'm glad to know your mind; passion, ardor | 09/15

└·Color

└-·Dahlia (red): Betrayal and dishonesty

└·Species

└-·Dahlia pinnata [garden dahlia, 달리아, 다알리아]

•Daisy [데이지]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity; dissembling as in Shakespeare's Hamlet | [UK] April | 03/06, 05/27  

└·Daisy (color) 

└-·Daisy (red) [데이지 (빨강)]: Beauty unknown to possessor  

└-·Daisy (white) [데이지 (하양)]: Purity 

└·Asteraceae [syn. Compositae; aster, daisy, composite, sunflower family]

└-·Bellis [벨리스속]: Hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└--·Bellis perennis [English daisy, 잉글리쉬데이지] 

└-·Argyranthemum [아르기란테뭄속; marguerite, marguerite daisy, dill daisy]: love in mind; freedom, liberty; truelove, prophecy, prediction, foretell somebody's love, unveil a secret | 09/03

└--·Argyranthemum frutescens [syn. Chrysanthemum frutescens; marguerite, marguerite daisy, Paris daisy, 마가렛데이지]

└-·Aster [참취속]

└--·Aster tripolium [syn. Aster pannonicus, syn. Tripolium pannonicum; 갯개미취, Michaelmas daisy, 미카엘데이지]: memory | 09/09, 09/29 [Michaelmas] 

└-·Brachyscome [브라키스코메속]: clear, elegant, highbrow, radiant heart

└--·Brachyscome chrysoglossa [yellow-tongue daisy]

└--·Brachyscome iberidifolia [swan river daisy, 스완리버데이지] 

└-·Coreopsis [금계국속, 기생초속]: always cheerful, good frame of mind; competitive spirit

└--·Coreopsis bigelovii [desert daisy, 사막데이지] 

└-·Erigeron [개망초속; fleabane]: reconciliation

└--·Erigeron glaucus [seaside daisy, 해변데이지] 

└-·Gerbera [거베라속]: mystery, mystic, insoluble puzzle

└-·Glebionis [글에비오니스속]: fresh love

└--·Glebionis coronaria [crown daisy, 크라운데이지, 쑥갓; syn. Chrysanthemum coronarium]: Flower: White, yellow 

└-·Ismelia [이스멜리아속]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└--·Ismelia carinata [syn. Glebionis carinatum; tricolor daisy, tricolour chrysanthemum, annual chrysanthemum, 삼색데이지] 

└-·Leucanthemum [레우칸테뭄속]: endurance, pureness, peace

└--·Leucanthemum vulgare [syn. Chrysanthemum leucanthemum; ox-eye daisy, 옥스아이데이지]: endurance, pureness, peace

└--·Leucanthemum × superbum [Shasta daisy, 샤스타데이지, 샤스타국화]: endure, pureness, peace; truelove, prophecy | Florescence: May~July; white 

└-·Melampodium [멜람포디움속]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; genuine, sincere

└--·Melampodium leucanthum [plains blackfoot, blackfoot daisy, 블랙풋데이지] 

└-·Osteospermum [오스테오스페르뭄속; daisybushes, African daisy, 아프리칸데이지]: energy, vitality, recovery, restoration, happiness, bliss

└--·Osteospermum fruticosum [trailing African daisy, shrubby daisybush]

└-·Rhodanthemum [syn. Chrysanthemopsis, Pyrethropsis, 로단테뭄속; Moroccan daisy]: chastity, fidelity

└--·Rhodanthemum hosmariense [Moroccan daisy, 모로코데이지] 

└-·Tetraneuris [테트라네우리스속]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└--·Tetraneuris acaulis [angelita daisy, 안젤리타데이지] 

└-·Wedelia [creepingoxeye, wedelia, 갯금불초속]: freshness

└--·Wedelia texana [devil's river daisy, 데빌리버데이지] 

└·Aizoaceae [석류풀과] 

└-·Cleretum [클레레툼속]: hope, wish

└--·Cleretum bellidiforme [syn. Dorotheanthus bellidiformis; livingstone daisy, 리빙스톤데이지]

└-·Dorotheanthus [도로테안터스속]: hope, wish [→ Cleretum(클레레툼속)]

└--·Dorotheanthus bellidiformis [syn. Cleretum bellidiforme; livingstone daisy, 리빙스톤데이지]

└·Caprifoliaceae [인동과, 인동덩굴과; honeysuckle family]

└-·Scabiosa [체꽃속; scabious, pincushion flowers]: hopeless love

└--·Scabiosa prolifera [carmel daisy, 카멜데이지] 

└·Dipsacaceae [산토끼과; teasel family → Caprifoliaceae(인동과)]

└-·Scabiosa [체꽃속; scabious, pincushion flowers]: hopeless love

└--·Scabiosa prolifera [carmel daisy, 카멜데이지] 

└·Plantaginaceae [질경이과; plantain family]

└-·Globularia [글라블라리아속; globe daisy]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└--·Globularia cordifolia [globe daisy, heart-leaved globe daisy, 글로브데이지]

•Dandelion [민들레; Taraxacum]: overcoming hardship; oracle; trust; god of love, apostle of love, happiness; indiscretion | 05/03

•Daphne

└·Daphne odora [서향, 서향나무, 瑞香, winter daphne]: Glory; immortality; honor, love in a dream | Florescence: March~April; white, orange, purple-red | 02/10, 12/15

•Daphniphyllum [굴거리나무속]

└·Daphniphyllum macropodum [solumi, Macropodous daphniphyllum, 굴거리나무, 굴거리, 교양목, 交讓木]: My love in my arms

•Datura [독말풀속; devil's trumpets, moonflowers, jimsonweed, devil's weed, hell's bells, thorn-apple]: Untruth; winsomeness | 10/23

└·By Species

└-·Datura metel [devil's trumpet, metel, 흰독말풀]: Respect and affection | 10/23

└-·Datura inoxia [thorn-apple, downy thorn-apple, Indian-apple, moonflower, sacred datura, toloatzin, toloache, 세겹독말풀, 가시사과]

└-·Datura stramonium [jimsonweed, thorn-apple, 독말풀]: Respect and affection; untruth; winsomeness | 10/23

└·By Color

└-·White: Respect and affection | 10/23

•Daucus [당근속]: I wouldn't spare even my own life for you

└·Daucus carota [wild carrot, bird's nest, bishop's lace, Queen Anne's lace]

└-·Daucus carota var. sativa [carrot, 당근]

•Delphinium [델피니움속, 제비고깔속; larkspur, 델피니움, 제비고깔]: levity, lightness; fun, joy, joyfulness, fickleness, sweetness, big-heartedness, ardent attachment; Why do you hate me?, Please understand me | [UK, US] July 

└·Species

└-·Delphinium grandiflorum [제비고깔]

└-·Delphinium ornatum [참제비고깔]: clarity | 04/19

└·Color

└-·Delphinium ornatum (rose pink) [참제비고깔 (담홍색)]: freedom | 05/21

•Dendranthema [syn. Chrysanthemum; mums, chrysanths]

└·Dendranthema zawadskii [syn. Chrysanthemum zawadskii; Korean chrysanthemum; 구절초, 九節草, 들국화]: Mother's love, purity, pureness | [Lunar] 09/09

•Dendrobium [석곡속, 덴드로븀속]: refined beauty, elegant beauty; smart-alecky beauty, tomboy, shrew,rude beauty; loftiness

└·Dendrobium bigibbum [cooktown orchid, mauve butterfly orchid]: fascination, celebration, congratulation, blessing, bless

└·Dendrobium moniliforme [carrot fern, Korean dendrobium, 석곡, 石斛]: loftiness

└·Dendrobium phalaenopsis [덴드로븀 팔레놉시스, 덴파레]: fascination, celebration, congratulation, blessing, bless [Dendrobium phalaenopsis → Dendrobium bigibbum]

•Dendrolycopodium: beautiful mind, kindheartedness [← Lycopodium]

└·Dendrolycopodium obscurum [syn. Lycopodium obscurum; rare clubmosses, ground pine, prince's pine, princess pine, 만년석송]

•Dentaria [syn. Cardamine, 황새냉이속; bittercress, bitter-cress, toothworts]: Dedicated to you; flexibility

•Desmodium [도둑놈의갈고리속; tick-trefoil, tick clover, hitch hikers, beggar lice]: excitement

└·Desmodium podocarpum [big-leaf tick clover, 도둑놈의갈고리]

•Deutzia [말발도리속; Pride-of-Rochester]: charms, winsomeness

└·Deutzia glabrata [물참대]: bright charm, gorgeous charm

└·Deutzia paniculata [paniculate Korean deutzia, 꼬리말발도리]: charms, winsomeness

└·Deutzia parviflora [Mongolian deutzia, 말발도리]

└·Deutzia uniflora [Korean deutzia, 매화말발도리]: charms, winsomeness

•Dianthus [패랭이꽃속]

└·Dianthus barbatus [sweet William, 수염패랭이꽃]: Smile at me, heroism | 06/10

└·Dianthus caryophyllus [Carnation, 카네이션]: Love, affection; charitableness; fascination; distinction | [GB, US] January, [KR] May | 05/08, 05/15

└·Dianthus chinensis [China pink, rainbow pink, Indian pink; 패랭이꽃]: Affection, always love; pure love, talent, refusal, platonic love, carefulness, audaciousness | 07/22, 07/28

└·Dianthus deltoides [maiden pink, 각시패랭이꽃]

└·Dianthus japonicus [seashore pink, 갯패랭이꽃]: Platonic love, pure love

└·Dianthus repens [boreal carnation, northern pink, 장백패랭이꽃]

└·Dianthus superbus [fringed pink, large pink, Alpine pink, 구름패랭이꽃]: Always love; emergency, crisis, exigency | 07/28

└·Dianthus superbus-chinensis [intermediate fringed pink, 꽃패랭이꽃]: Always love

•Dicentra [금낭화속; bleeding-heart]

└·Dicentra spectabilis [syn. Lamprocapnos spectabilis; bleeding-heart, bleeding heart, Asian bleeding-heart, lyre flower, heart flower, lady-in-a-bath, 금낭화, 錦囊花, 며느리주머니, 귀걸이꽃]: Enthusiasm, passion; I will follow you; bleeding heart | 05/22

•Digitalis [디기탈리스속; foxglove]: Underthought; passionate love, unable to hide my love, splendor, insincerity | 06/13

└·Digitalis lanata [Grecian foxglove, woolly foxglove, 디기탈리스]

└·Digitalis purpurea [foxglove, common foxglove, purple foxglove, lady's glove, 디기탈리스]

•Dilleniaceae [오이과과, 딜레니아과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Dioscorea [마속; yam]: fate, destiny | 10/20

└·Dioscorea polystachya [syn. Dioscorea batatas; Chinese yam, cinnamon-vine, Chinese potato, 마]: fate, destiny

└·Dioscorea tokoro [Tokoro mountain yam, 도꼬로마]: fate, destiny

•Dioscoreaceae [디오스코레아케아이, 마과; yam family]

└·Dioscorea [마속; yam]: fate, destiny | 10/20

•Diospyros [감나무속]

└·Diospyros kaki [persimmon, oriental persimmon, 감나무]: Marvel, affection, simpleness; natural beauty | 09/26

└·Diospyros lotus [date plum, 고욤나무]: Natural beauty; respect | 09/26

•Diplotaxis [모래냉이속; wall-rocket]: I give my everything, devotion, dedication

└·Diplotaxis muralis [annual wall-rocket, 모래냉이]: I give my everything, devotion, dedication

•Dipsacaceae [산토끼과; teasel family → Caprifoliaceae(인동과)]

└·Scabiosa [체꽃속; scabious, pincushion flowers]: hopeless love

•Disocactus [syn. Nopalxochia, 쥐꼬리선인장속, 디소칵투스속]: Passion, ardor, fervor

└·Disocactus ackermannii [syn. Epiphyllum ackermannii, syn. Nopalxochia ackermannii; 공작선인장, 孔雀仙人掌]: Passion, ardor, fervor

•Dolichos [편두속] 

└·Dolichos lablab [syn. Lablab purpureus; hyacinth bean, 편두, 扁豆]: Destined happiness [Dolichos(편두속) → Lablab(랍랍속)]

•Dorotheanthus [도로테안터스속]: hope, wish [→ Cleretum(클레레툼속)] 

└·Dorotheanthus bellidiformis [syn. Cleretum bellidiforme; livingstone daisy, 리빙스톤데이지]

•Draba [꽃다지속; whitlow-grasses]: Indifference

└·Draba daurica [many-branch whitlow-grass, 구름꽃다지]: Throbbing

└·Draba nemorosa [woodland whitlow-grass, 꽃다지]

•Dracaena [용혈수속]: good fortune, lucky break; perform promise

└·Dracaena braunii [개운죽]: change for the better, good fortune, lucky break, longevity, long life, mother's instinctive love

└·Dracaena deremensis [syn. Dracaena fragrans; cornstalk dracaena, happy plant]

└-·Dracaena deremensis N. E. Br. 'Warnekii' [드라세나 와네키]: perform promise

└·Dracaena draco [dragon tree, Canary Islands dragon tree, drago, 용혈수]

└·Dracaena fragrans [corn plant, fragrant dracaena, cornstalk dracaena, happy plant, 행운목]: good fortune, lucky break; perform promise

└·Dracaena sanderiana [Sander's dracaena, ribbon dracaena, lucky bamboo, curly bamboo, Chinese water bamboo, Goddess of Mercy's plant, Belgian evergreen, ribbon plant]

└-·Dracaena sanderiana 'Virens' [개운죽]: change for the better, good fortune, lucky break, longevity, long life, mother's instinctive love

•Dracunculus

└·Dracunculus vulgaris [black lily, common dracunculus, dragon lily, dragon arum, black arum, voodoo lily, snake lily, stink lily, black dragon, dragonwort, ragons, 드래곤 아룸, 검은 백합]: Love, curse

•Drosera [끈끈이귀개속; sundew]

└·Drosera peltata [East Asian shield sundew, shield sundew, pale sundew, 끈끈이귀개, 茅膏菜]: The triumph of evolution

└·Drosera rotundifolia [round-leaf sundew, round-leaved sundew, common sundew, 끈끈이주걱]: Watch your step

•Droseraceae [끈끈이귀개과; sundew family]

└·Drosera [끈끈이귀개속; sundew]: The triumph of evolution

•Dry grasses [마른 풀]: waiting for new spring | 11/30

•Dryas [담자리꽃나무속; mountain-avens]: Keep watch on love, Do not take your eyes off your love; woman's heart, woman's feelings, female spirit

└·Dryas octopetala [mountain avens, eightpetal mountain-avens, white dryas, white dryad, 담자리꽃나무]

└-·Dryas octopetala var. asiatica (Nakai) Nakai [Asian eight-petal dryas, 담자리꽃나무]

•Dryopteridaceae [면마과, 관중과; wood fern family]

└·Dryopteris [면마속, 관중속; wood ferns, male ferns, buckler ferns]: Like draws to like, Each follows its own kind

•Dryopteris [면마속, 관중속; wood ferns, male ferns, buckler ferns]: Like draws to like, Each follows its own kind

└·Dryopteris coreano-montana Nakai, syn. Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai var. setosa (Christ) Miyabe & Kudô, 북관중]

└·Dryopteris crassirhizoma [관중]

└-·Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai var. setosa (Christ) Miyabe & Kudô [syn. Dryopteris coreano-montana Nakai, 북관중]

•Duchesnea [뱀딸기속]: Vanity 

└·Duchesnea indica [뱀딸기, mock strawberry, Indian strawberry, false strawberry]

[F]

•Fabaceae [Leguminosae, 콩과; legume, pea, bean family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Desmodium [도둑놈의갈고리속; tick-trefoil, tick clover, hitch hikers, beggar lice]: excitement

└·Dolichos [편두속]: Destined happiness

└·Glycine [콩속; soybean]: destined happiness; fruitful love, small satisfaction

└·Glycyrrhiza [감초속]: unworldliness, unconventionality, wait

└·Indigofera [땅비싸리속; indigo]: thought, thinking, meditation, contemplation; deadly pale look

└·Kummerowia [매듭풀속]: Do not sit on me [← Lespedeza]

└·Lablab [랍랍속]: Destined happiness

└·Lespedeza [싸리속]

└·Lupinus [루피너스속; lupin, lupine]: maternal affection, happiness | 11/02

└·Maackia [다릅나무속]: Good, nice

└·Phaseolus [강낭콩속]: Happy life

└·Pisum [완두속]: happy marriage, fecundity, joy of future

└·Pueraria [칡속]: sigh of love

└·Trifolium [토끼풀속; clover, 클로버, 토끼풀]: cheerfulness, influence, promise, luck, peace | 05/29, 06/17, 06/23, 08/31

└·Vicia [나비나물속; vetch]: Horse's veil; butterfly festival

└·Vigna [동부속]: happiness that is sure to come

└·Wisteria [등속]: love, welcome

•Faboideae [콩아과; Legume family]: compathy, beginning of life

•Fagaceae [참나무과; beech family, beeches, oaks]

└·Quercus [참나무속; oak, 참나무]: prosperity

•Fagopyrum [메밀속]: lovers, commitment of love

└·Fagopyrum esculentum [buckwheat, common buckwheat, 메밀]: lovers, commitment of love

​•Fagus [너도밤나무속; beech]

└·Fagus engleriana [Engler’s beech, beech, Chinese beech, 너도밤나무]: Prosperity

•Fallen leaves [dead leaves, 낙엽]: Waiting for new spring | 11/30

•Fennel [Foeniculum vulgare]: Strength; high compliment, capability | 10/09

•Fern [Pteridophyta; 양치(식물), 羊齒(植物)]: Loveliness, faithfulness, trust; mystery, spell, fancy, precognitive dreams | 02/05, 11/23, 12/07

└·Boston fern [보스톤고사리; (Species) Nephrolepis exaltata]: Captivation; protection 

└·Bracken [고사리; (Genus) Pteridium]: Miracle, temptation 

└·Flowering fern [royal fern, king fern, 고비; (Genus) Osmund]: Exorcism; travel | 07/25 (Christopher's day) 

└·Hart's-tongue fern [골고사리; (Species) Asplenium scolopendrium]: Comfort in truth | 11/04 

└·Maiden-hair fern [아디안툼, 아디안텀, 공작고사리; (Genus) Adiantum]: Lovable character, person who should be careful; Secrecy; mirth | 04/07 

└·Narrow sword fern [줄고사리, (Species) Nephrolepis cordifolia]: 매혹(魅惑, captivation), 음침한 사랑(gloomy love), 애교있는 성실(charming faithfulness) 

└·Staghorn fern [elkhorns, 박쥐란, 플라티케리움; (Genus) Platycerium]: 교묘(巧妙, subtlety), 괴이(怪異, oddness)

•Ficus [무화과나무속; fig trees, figs]: abundance, plenty, plentiful fruition, fecundity, enthusiasm

└·Ficus carica [fig, 무화과(나무), 無花果]: abundance, plenty, plentiful fruition, fecundity, enthusiasm

└·Ficus elastica [rubber tree, rubber fig, rubber bush, rubber tree, rubber plant, Indian rubber bush, Indian rubber tree, 고무나무]: Steadfast love, eternal happiness

└·Ficus oxyphylla [Oriental vining fig, 모람]: undying love

field poppy [개양귀비, red poppy, corn poppy]: 약한 사랑, 덧없는 사랑

fire tree [노송나무, 편백, 扁柏,  retinispora, sun tree]: 불멸, 불사, 굳셈; 기도

•Flacourtiaceae [이나무과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Flowering fern [royal fern, king fern, 고비; (Genus) Osmund]: Exorcism; travel | 07/25 (Christopher's day)

•Foeniculum

└·Foeniculum vulgare [fennel]: Strength; high compliment, capability | 10/09

Forget-me-not [myosotis, 물망초, 勿忘草]: Patience, daintiness, remembrance; deep emotional love, affection, true love; Please don't forget me. | Florescence: July~August | [GB] September | 02/07, 05/15

•Forsythia [개나리속; golden bell]: hope, My love is deeper than yours

└·Forsythia koreana [gaenari, Korean goldenbell tree, 개나리]: hope, My love is deeper than yours

└·Forsythia ovata [Early forsythia, Korean forsythia, 만리화]: hope, wish, achievement, accomplishment

• Four-leaf clover [네잎클로버]: Good luck

└·The first leaf: Hope

└·The second leaf: Faith

└·The third leaf: Love

└·The fourth leaf: Good luck

└·The fifth leaf: Money

•Foxglove: Insecurity

•Foxtail [강아지풀]: 동심, 노여움

•Fragaria [딸기속; strawberry]: foresight, domestic happiness; respect and affection, love and respect; friendship, fraternity | 05/04, 05/07 

└·Fragaria x ananassa [garden strawberry, strawberry, 딸기]

└·Fragaria nipponica [wild strawberry, 흰땃딸기]

└·Fragaria yezoensis [wild strawberry, Northeast Asian wild strawberry, 땃딸기]

•Fraxinus [물푸레나무속; ash]: modesty, humility, enthusiasm, zeal

└·Fraxinus chinensis [Chinese ash]: modesty, humility, enthusiasm, zeal

└-·Fraxinus chinensis var. rhychophylla [syn. Fraxinus rhynchophylla; Retuse Ash, 물푸레나무]: modesty, humility, enthusiasm, zeal

└·Fraxinus rhynchophylla [syn. Fraxinus chinensis var. rhychophylla; Retuse Ash, 물푸레나무]: modesty, humility, enthusiasm, zeal

•Freesia [프리지아]: Naiveness, innocence; beginning, purity, clean scent, noble fragrance; self-praise, eternal friendship

└·Freesia refracta 

•French Marigold [Tagetes patula, 만수국, 불란서 금잔화, 홍황초, 紅黃草]: Warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love; jealousy, malevolence | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

•Fritillaria [패모속; fritillary]: Dignity 

└·Fritillaria biflora [chocolate lily, mission bells]

└·Fritillaria camschatcensis [Kamchatka fritillary, Kamchatka lily, rice lily, northern rice-root, skunk lily, dirty diaper, outhouse lily, chocolate lily, 검은 백합, 검정패모, 흑패모, 흑백합, 흑나리, 검정나리, 검정백합, 쿠로유리, 조선패모,스컹크백합]: Love, curse

└·Fritillaria meleagris [snake's head fritillary, snake's head, chess flower, frog-cup, guinea-hen flower, guinea flower, leper lily, Lazarus bell, chequered lily, chequered daffodil, drooping tulip, fritillary, 뱀머리패모] 

└·Fritillaria thunbergii [중국패모, 中國貝母]: Dignity; power, one's own efforts | 04/25, 06/11 

└·Fritillaria ussuriensis [패모, 貝母]

•Fuchsia [후크시아속; lady's eardrops]: Enthusiasm, passion | 05/22

└·Fuchsia × hybrida [후크시아, 후쿠시아, 푸크시아]

Fungus: Resilience, loneliness, solitude, disgust

​

[G]

•Gagea [중의무릇속 ← Lloydia(개감채속); alplily]: Eternal happiness, perpetual bliss

└·Gagea lutea [yellow star-of-Bethlehem]

└·Gagea serotina [syn. Lloydia serotina; common alplily, snowdon alplily, snowdon lily, mountain spiderwort, 개감채, 산무릇, 두메무릇, 와판화]

└·Gagea triflora [syn. Lloydia triflora; striation-flower alplily, 나도개감채]: I'm also a member of a lily family.

•Galanthus [snowdrop, 갈란투스, 스노드롭, 눈풀꽃, 설강화(雪降花)]: Fascination, distinction, love; consolation, hope | Florescence: January~May | [US] January | 01/01, 02/02 (Catholic Candlemas)

└·Galanthus nivalis [snowdrop, common snowdrop]

•Galium [갈퀴덩굴속]: Horse's veil

└·Galium spurium [stickwilly, false cleavers, 갈퀴덩굴]

•Gardenia [치자나무; (Species) Gardenia jasminoides]: Secret love, joy, sweet love, good luck; purity, happiness, cleanliness | 03/19

•Garryaceae [가리아과]

└·Aucuba [식나무속]: Do not copy me, young and beautiful

•Gastrochilus [금자란속; purple-spotted gastrochilus]: Elegant beauty

└·Gastrochilus matsuran [금자란, 錦紫蘭]

•Gentiana [용담속]: sorrow, grief, sadness, I like you in sorrow | 09/16

└·Gentiana scabra [哀愁, 용담]: sorrow, grief, sadness, I like you in sorrow | 09/16

└·Gentiana triflora [East Asian clustered gentian, clustered gentian, 과남풀]: Justice; definition; long memory; beautiful sad spectacle

•Gentianaceae [겐티아나케아이, 용담과, 龍膽科; gentian family]

└·Eustoma [lisianthus, prairie gentian, 리시안셔스]: everlasting love, elegant, graceful, beauty; beauty's love

└·Gentiana [용담속]: sorrow, grief, sadness, I like you in sorrow | 09/16

└·Halenia [닻꽃속; spurred gentian]: Secret, confidence; fisherman's flower

└·Tripterospermum [덩굴용담속; tripterospermum]: justice, righteousness; definition; memory, recollection; beauty of sad spectacle

•Geraniaceae [게라니아케아이, 쥐손이풀과]

└·Geranium [제라늄속, 쥐손이풀속; cranesbills]: gentility, determination; fruition, friendship; There's happiness because of you; true love, true affection | 04/24, 06/28, 07/27

•Geranium: Gentility, determination; fruition, friendship; There's happiness because of you; true love, true affection | 04/24, 06/28, 07/27 

└·By Color 

└-·Geranium (red) [제라늄 (빨강)]: There's love because of you | 06/29 

└-·Geranium (light red) [제라늄 (옅은빨강)]: Happy together 

└-·Geranium (white) [제라늄 (하양)]: I don't believe your love 

└·By Genus

└-·Geranium [제라늄속; cranesbills] 

└--·Geranium macrorrhizum [bigroot geranium, Bulgarian geranium, rock crane's-bill]

└--·Geranium sibiricum [Siberian cranesbills, 쥐손이풀] 

└-·Pelargonium [펠라르고늄속]

└--·Pelargonium graveolens [rose geranium]

└--·Pelargonium inquinans [scarlet geranium, malva]

└--·Pelargonium peltatum [ivy-leaved geranium, ivy-leaved pelargonium, cascading geranium, 아이비제라늄]: True love, true affection | 07/09

└--·Pelargonium tomentosum [peppermint geranium, 페퍼민트제라늄]: Sincerity

└--·Pelargonium zonale [horse-shoe pelargonium, wildemalva, 무늬제라늄]: Comfort | 08/11

└--·Pelargonium x hortorum [zonal geranium, garden geranium]: Comfort | 08/11

•Geranium [제라늄속, 쥐손이풀속; cranesbills]: gentility, determination; fruition, friendship; There's happiness because of you; true love, true affection | 04/24, 06/28, 07/27

└·Geranium eriostemon [꽃쥐손이, 모예노관초, 털쥐손이풀]: new bride

└·Geranium koreanum [Korean cranesbill, 둥근이질풀]: new bride, model, example

└·Geranium macrorrhizum [bigroot geranium, Bulgarian geranium, rock crane's-bill]

└·Geranium sibiricum [Siberian cranesbills, 쥐손이풀]

•Gerbera [Transvaal daisy, Áfrican dáisy, 거베라]: insoluble puzzle, mystery, mystic

└·Gerbera aurantiaca [Hilton daisy]

└·Gerbera jamesonii [Barberton daisy, gerbera daisy, Transvaal daisy]

•German iris [독일붓꽃; Iris germanica]: wonderful marriage | 04/17

•Geum [avens, 뱀무]: Gratification of one's love | 09/04

└·Geum aleppicum [yellow avens, common avens, 큰뱀무]

└·Geum japonicum [Asian herb bennet, Japanese avens, 뱀무]

•Gladiolus [글라디올러스속]: Strong mind, strength of character, honor, conviction, moral integrity; secret love affair, passionate romance, infatuation, caution, guard, remembrance; youthfulness | Florescence: June~October | [UK, US] August | 03/23

└·Gladiolus gandavensis [글라디올러스]

•Glebionis [글에비오니스속]: fresh love

└·Glebionis coronaria [crown daisy, 크라운데이지, 쑥갓; syn. Chrysanthemum coronarium]: Flower: White, yellow 

└·Glebionis segetum [corn marigold, corn daisy]

•Glechoma [긴병꽃풀속; glechoma]: To wait for spring, to pine for spring

└·Glechoma grandis [ground ivy; 긴병꽃풀]

•Glehnia [갯방풍속; American silvertop, beach silvertop, silvertop]: Longing, yearning

└·Glehnia littoralis [beach silvertop, 갯방풍]

•Globe amaranth [천일홍, 千日紅]: Immortal love, unchangeability, fascination

•Globularia [글라블라리아속; globe daisy]: Hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└·Globularia cordifolia [globe daisy, heart-leaved globe daisy, 글로브데이지]

•Gloriosa [글로리오사속; flame lily, fire lily, gloriosa lily, glory lily, superb lily, climbing lily, creeping lily]

└·Gloriosa drothschildiana [glory lily, 글로리오사]: Glory, honor; shine

•Gloxinia [글록시니아]: Glamor looks, flamboyant figure, desire

└·Gloxinia [글록시니아속]: Glamor looks, flamboyant figure, desire

└-·Gloxinia perennis [Canterbury bells]

└·Sinningia [신닌기아속]

└-·Sinningia speciosa [florist's gloxinia, Brazilian gloxinia, 글록시니아]: Glamor looks, flamboyant figure, desire

•Gloxinia [글록시니아속]: Glamor looks, flamboyant figure, desire

└·Gloxinia perennis [Canterbury bells]

•Glycine [콩속; soybean]: destined happiness; fruitful love, small satisfaction | 03/17 

└·Glycine max [soybean, 대두, 大豆] 

└·Glycine soja [wild soybean, 돌콩, 쥐눈이콩]: confidence, self-confidence

•Glycyrrhiza [감초속]: unworldliness, unconventionality, wait

└·Glycyrrhiza glabra [licorice, liquorice, 민감초]: If it's for you...

└·Glycyrrhiza uralensis [Chinese Liquorice, 감초]: unworldliness, unconventionality, wait

•Gnaphalium [그나팔리움, 왜떡쑥속; cudweeds]: truth, truthful ideas; I love only you; child's shyness

└·Gnaphalium affine [↔ Pseudognaphalium affine; Jersey cudweed, 떡쑥]

└·Gnaphalium uliginosum [marsh cudweed, 왜떡쑥]

•고데티아 [ゴデチア, Godetia]: 순수한 사랑

•Golden bell [forsythia, 개나리]: hope, My love is deeper than yours

•Gorse: Love in all seasons

•Gossypium [목화속; cotton]: distinguished; melancholy; mother's love | 12/01

└·Gossypium arboreum [tree cotton]

└·Gossypium indicum [목화]

└·Gossypium hirsutum [upland cotton, Mexican cotton, 육지면]: distinguished; melancholy; mother's love

•Gramineae [Poaceae, 포아케아이, 벼과, 화본과, 禾本科; grasses]

└·Pooideae [포오이데아이, 포아풀아과; cool-season grasses]

└-·Alopecurus [뚝새풀속; foxtail, foxtail grass]: a good frame of mind 

└-·Lagurus [라그라스속]: I appreciate your kindness, Thank you for your kindness

•고무나무 [rubber tree, gum (tree)]: 변함없는 사랑

└-·Poa [포아, 포아풀속; meadow-grass, bluegrass, tussock, speargrass]: a matter-of-fact person, practical person; persistent, patience, tenacity

•Guzmania [tufted airplant]: Satisfaction, contentment

​└·Guzmania lingulata [droophead tufted airplant, scarlet star, 구즈마니아, 구즈마리아]

•Gymnocalycium [chin cactus, red top, 비모란선인장]: Love, passion, ardor

└·Gymnocalycium anisitsii [짐노칼리시움 아니시트시, 취황관, 翠晃冠]

•Gynostemma [돌외속; gynostemma]: everlasting dearness, unchanging endearingness

└·Gynostemma pentaphyllum [five-leaf gynostemma, 돌외]

[H]

•Habenaria [잠자리난초속; rein orchids, bog orchids]

└·Habenaria cruciformis [Cruciform habenaria, 개잠자리난초]: To die to meet someone

•Hackberry [팽나무; (Species) Celtis sinensis]: Nobility; (Korea) fecundity, abundance, peace | 03/10

•Haemanthus [털군자란속; blood lily, paintbrush lily]: good news

└·Haemanthus albiflos [paintbrush, 밍크붓꽃]: good news

•Halenia [닻꽃속; spurred gentian]: Secret, confidence; fisherman's flower

└·Halenia corniculata [corniculate spurred gentian, 닻꽃]

•Hamamelidaceae [조록나무과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Hanabusaya [금강초롱꽃속; diamond bluebell, Geumgang Chorong]: Good news

└·Hanabusaya asiatica [Geumgangchoronkkot, Geumgang bluebell, 금강초롱꽃]

└-·Hanabusaya latisepala [wide-sepal geumgangchoronkkot, wide-sepal geumgang bluebell, 검산초롱꽃]: Bride and groom, newlyweds, poor heart

•Hart's-tongue fern [골고사리; (Species) Asplenium scolopendrium]: Comfort in truth | 11/04

•Hawthorn [May tree, Chinese hawthorn, 산사나무, 山楂; Crataegus pinnatifida]: Happiness, humility, sweetness; the only love; hope | [US] May | 05/13, 06/01(Festival of Carna)

Heather

Heather (purple): Solitude, beauty, admiration

Heather (white): Protection

•Hedera [송악속; ivy]: trust, friendship

└·Hedera helix [English ivy, 양담쟁이]: Faithfulness, love full of fortune, love with fortune; distinguishment, deception

└·Hedera rhombea [songak, songak ivy, Korean ivy, 송악]

•Hedychium [생강속, 헤디키움속; garland flower, ginger lily, kahili ginger]: Sweet snow

└·Hedychium coronarium [white garland-lily, white ginger lily, 꽃생강, 생강꽃, 헤디키움 코로나리움]: Trust, faith, I trust you; eyes of the scent; scented snow; vain attempt, fruitless effort 

•Helianthus [해바라기속; sunflower]: Pure and lofty thoughts, adoration, affection and longing, waiting, longing, worship; wish, brilliance, belief, will, faith; pride; false wealth, fake gold coin | 07/06, 08/15

└·Helianthus annuus [common sunflower]

└·Helianthus tuberosus [Jerusalem artichoke, sunroot, sunchoke, earth apple, 뚱딴지]: hidden virtue, kind acts done in secret, virtue; preposterous

•Helichrysume

└·Helichrysum bracteatum [syn. Xerochrysum bracteatum; straw flower, 밀짚꽃]: always remember, no more sorrow, everlasting sadness

•Heliotropium [헬리오트로피움; heliotrope, 헬리오트로프]: Love is forever; Devotion | 05/24

•Helipterum

└·Helipterum manglesii [syn. Rhodanthe manglesii; rhodanthe, pink sunray, silver bells, Australian strawflower, timeless rose, Mangles everlasting, 로단테]: remain permanently, everlasting, timeless, eternal love [→ Rhodanthe(로단테속)] 

•Helleborus [hellebores]: Memory; to allay my anxious fears | 12/26

└·Helleborus niger [Christmas rose, black hellebore]

└·Helleborus orientalis [lenten rose, lenten hellebore, oriental hellebore]

•Hemlock [독미나리]: no regret for death | 03/15 

└·Conium [독당근속, 나도독미나리속; poison hemlock]

└-·Conium maculatum [hemlock, poison hemlock, 독당근, 독미나리]

└·Cicuta [독미나리속; cowbane, poison parsnip, water hemlock]

└·Oenanthe

└-·Oenanthe crocata [water dropwort]

•Hepatica [노루귀속; hepatica, liverleaf, liverwort]: Patience, endurance, belief, trust, faith; consolation, comfort; (KR) purity

└·Hepatica asiatica [Asian liverleaf; 노루귀]: Florescence: April~May

•Hibiscus [히비스커스, 무궁화속; hibiscus, rose mallow]: rare and delicate beauty, fragile beauty, subtle beauty; politeness, patience; sincerity, eternity

└·Hibiscus cannabinus [kenaf, Deccan hemp, Java jute, 양마, 洋麻, 케나프]: destiny | 10/20

└·Hibiscus mutabilis [부용]: to be captivated, fragile beauty, a woman of virtue, There's luck in leisure | 11/10

└·Hibiscus syriacus [Korean rose, rose of Sharon, Syrian ketmia, shrub althea, rose mallow, hibiscus, 무궁화, 無窮花]: rare and delicate beauty, fragile beauty, subtle beauty; politeness, patience; sincerity, eternity | Florescence: July~October | 02/22

└·Hibiscus trionum [수박풀]: young lady's beautiful appearance; affection, change | 08/03

•Holly [홀리, 호랑가시나무]: sweetness, self-esteem, vanity; domestic happiness, peace; foresight | [US] December | 12/25

•Hieracium [조밥나물속; hawkweed]

└·Hieracium coreanum [syn. Crepis coreana; Korean hawkweed, 껄껄이풀, 넓은잎조밥나물, 고려조밥나물]: Guard, vigilance; boundary

└·Hieracium umbellatum [syn. Hieracium canadense; 조밥나물, Canadian hawkweed, Canada hawkweed, narrowleaf hawkweed, northern hawkweed]: Vow | 05/16

•Hippeastrum [amaryllis, 아마릴리스]: Pride; vanity; boast, talkative person, delicate beauty, artificial, silence, quiet; dazzling beauty; coward; suitable beauty, virtuousness | Easter 

└·Hippeastrum hybridum 

└·Hippeastrum puniceum [Barbados lily, Easter lily, cacao lily, cocoa lily, amaryllis lily] 

•Hippocastanaceae [칠엽수과 → Sapindaceae(무환자나무과)]

└·Aesculus [칠엽수속; buckeye, horse chestnut]: romance, passion, ardor, luxury, extravagance, plushness

Hollyhock [접시꽃]: Ambition, 열렬한 사랑

•Honey plant [bee plant, 밀원식물, 蜜源植物]: Beginning of life, compathy | 03/21, 12/17

•Honeysuckle [허니서클, 인동, 忍冬; Lonicera]: love, devoted affection, love ties, bonds of love; gratitude, appreciation | [US] June | 06/30

•Hordeum vulgare [barley, 보리]: Unanimity; prosperity, universality | Flower: April~May | 02/28

•Hosta [hostas, plantain lilies]

└·Hosta japonica [wide-leaf hosta, 넓은옥잠화, 넓은잎옥잠화]: Silence, calm

└·Hosta longissima [plantain lily, narrow-leaf hosta, 산옥잠화, 山玉簪花]: love of oblivion

└·Hosta plantaginea [plantain lily, 옥잠화, 玉簪花]: Oblivion of love, simplicity, recollection, loneliness, solitude; wait, resentment, inconvenience, sorriness, aplomb, tranquillity, silentness, placidity | 03/13 

•Houseleek [(Family) Crassulaceae]: Domestic economy 

└·Orostachys japonica [houseleek, sengreen, rock pine, 바위솔]: diligence in housework | Florescence: September~October; white | 02/06 

└·Sempervivum [houseleek, 상록바위솔]: Domestic economy

•Hoya: Start of life; good fortune, cute love; compathy | 03/21, 12/17

└·Hoya carnosa [wax plant, 옥접매]

└·Hoya kerrii [호야케리, 하트선인장 , 큐피트선인장, 샴덩굴초, lucky-heart]: Good fortune, cute love | 02/14 (Saint Valentine's Day)

•Humulus [환삼덩굴속]: mom's hand, maternal love

└·Humulus japonicus [환삼덩굴, Japanese hop]

└·Humulus lupulus [hop, 홉, 호프]: Sincerity, innocent and naive | 10/04

Hyacinth [히아신스, (Binomial name) Hyacinthus orientalis]: Tender heart; amusement, modest love, subtle love, wonderful love; sorrow | Florescence: March~April | 01/04

Hyacinth (yellow) [히아신스 (노랑)]: contest, match, game | 01/16 

Hydrangea: Frigidness, heartlessness (negative), heartfelt gratitude for being understood

•Hydrangeaceae [히드랑게아케아이, 수국과, 水菊科] [← Saxifragaceae (범의귀과)]

└·Deutzia [말발도리속; Pride-of-Rochester]: charms, winsomeness

•Hylotelephium [꿩의비름속; live-for-ever, orpine, stonecrop]: perennial youth and long life

└·Hylotelephium erythrostictum [garden stonecrop, 꿩의비름, 불로초]: to believe and follow

└·Hylotelephium sieboldii [syn. Sedum sieboldii; October stonecrop, Siebold's stonecrop, Siebold's sedum, October daphne, 둥근잎꿩의비름]: to believe and follow; peace and stability, familiarity

└·Hylotelephium ussuriense [round-leaf hylotelephium, 둥근잎꿩의비름]: to believe and follow; peace and stability, familiarity

•Hypericum [물레나물속; St. John's wort]: sincere heart, sincerity; memory, recollection

└·Hypericum ascyron [great St. Johnswort, giant St. John's wort, 물레나물]: sincere heart, sincerity; memory, recollection

└·Hypericum erectum [erect St. Johnswort, 고추나물]: kindness

•Hypoxidaceae [히폭시다케아이, 노란별수선과]

└·Hypoxis [노란별수선속]: finding light 

└·Rhodohypoxis [로도히폭시스속]: one´s first start in life

•Hypoxis [노란별수선속; star-grass, star lily, yellow stars, African potato, stars]: finding light, to find a light | 08/26

└·Hypoxis aurea [golden star glass, 노란별수선]

└·Hypoxis hirsuta [common goldstar]

└·Hypoxis juncea [fringed yellow star-grass]

└·Hypoxis mexicana [Mexican yellow star-grass]

└·Hypoxis vaginata [yellow star]

[I]

•Ilex [감탕나무속; holly, 호랑가시나무, 홀리]: Domestic happiness, peace; sweetness, self-esteem, vanity; foresight | 12/25

└·Ilex aquifolium [holly, common holly, English holly, European holly, Christmas holly, 영국호랑가시나무]

└·Ilex cornuta [Chinese holly, horned holly, 호랑가시나무]

└·Ilex crenata [box-leaf holly, 꽝꽝나무]: Bear, endure

└·Ilex integra [elegance female holly, mochi tree, 감탕나무]

└·Ilex macropoda [macropoda holly, 대팻집나무]: Domestic happiness, connubial bliss

└·Ilex opaca [American holly, 미국호랑가시나무]

└·Ilex rotunda [round-leaf holly, Kurogane holly, 먼나무]: protection, preservation

└·Ilex serrata [낙상홍, 落霜紅]: Clearness, cheerfulness

•Impatiens [물봉선속, 봉선화속; impatiens, jewelweed, touch-me-not, snapweed, patience]: Ardent love; chastity; Please don't touch me; cleanliness; riches and honors; tender-hearted, childlike nature | 10/19

└·Impatiens atrosanguinea [Gaya touch-me-not, 가야물봉선, 검물봉선]: I don't want you to touch me

└·Impatiens balsamina [garden balsam, rose balsam, 봉선화]

└·Impatiens capensis [orange jewelweed, orange balsam, common jewelweed, spotted jewelweed]

└·Impatiens ecornuta [spurless touch-me-not, spurless jewelweed]

└·Impatiens noli-tangere [touch-me-not balsam, Western touch-me-not, 노랑물봉선]

└·Impatiens textori [물봉선]

•Indian hemp [인도대마]: Destiny | 10/20

└·Apocynum cannabinum [dogbane, amy root, hemp dogbane, prairie dogbane, Indian hemp, rheumatism root, wild cotton]

└·Cannabis indica

└·Crotalaria juncea [brown hemp, Indian hemp, Madras hemp, sunn hemp, 숙마, 菽麻]

└·Sida rhombifolia [arrowleaf sida, rhombus-leaved sida, Paddy's lucerne, jelly leaf, Cuban jute, Queensland-hemp, Indian hemp, 나도공단풀]

└·Asclepias incarnata [swamp milkweed, rose milkweed, rose milkflower, swamp silkweed, white Indian hemp, 아스클레피아스]

└·Hibiscus cannabinus [kenaf, Deccan hemp, Java jute, 양마, 洋麻, 케나프]

Indian mallow [stamp weed, velvetleaf, China jute, 어저귀, (Genus) Abutilon]: speculation, conjecture | Florescence: July~September | 01/18

•Indigofera [땅비싸리속; indigo]: thought, thinking, meditation, contemplation; deadly pale look

└·Indigofera kirilowii [kirilow’s indigo, 땅비싸리]

└·Indigofera pseudotinctoria [dwarf false-indigo, 낭아초]: flower with a love-song

•Inula [금불초속]: tragic love, disappointed love

└·Inula britannica [British yellowhead, meadow fleabane]

└-·Inula britannica var. japonica [금불초]

└·Inula helenium [elecampane, horse-heal, elfdock, 목향]: compassion, empathy, acknowledgment, recognition, approval

•Ipomoea [나팔꽃속, 미국나팔꽃속, syn. Pharbitis; morning glories]: daintiness, love, magic; pleasure, unity; love in vain, meaningless love

└·Ipomoea coccinea [syn. Quamoclit coccinea; red morning glory, redstar, Mexican morning glory, 둥근잎유홍초]: lovely forever

└·Ipomoea nil [syn. Pharbitis nil; white-edged morning glory, ivy morning glory, Korean morning glory, Japanese morning glory, 나팔꽃]: Daintiness, love, magic; pleasure, unity; love in vain, meaningless love | Florescence: July~August | [US] September | 06/25 

└·Ipomoea quamoclit [syn. Quamoclit pennata; cypress vine, cypressvine morning glory, cardinal creeper, cardinal vine, star glory, hummingbird vine, 유홍초]: lovely forever

•Iridaceae [붓꽃과]: rainbow; compathy, beginning of life

└·Iris [붓꽃속]: faithfulness, wisdom, hope; good news; notice, respect, mysterious person | [GB] February 

└·Sisyrinchium [등심붓꽃속; blue-eyed grasses]: good news

•Iris [붓꽃속]: faithfulness, wisdom, hope; good news; notice, respect, mysterious person | [GB] February 

└·Iris dichotoma [vesper iris, 대청부채]: mission

└·Iris ensata [flag iris, beautiful-flower water iris, Russian iris, Japanese iris, 꽃창포]: Good news, errand, elegance, elegant mind | 05/10

└·Iris germanica [German iris, 독일붓꽃]: wonderful marriage | 04/17

└·Iris koreana [dwarf woodland Korean iris, 노랑붓꽃]: Happiness for believers | 06/06

└·Iris laevigata [Japanese iris, rabbit-ear iris, kakitsubata, 제비붓꽃]

└·Iris minutoaurea [grassy-leaf yellow iris, 금붓꽃]: Good news

└·Iris odaesanensis [Odaesan iris, Korean Iris, 노랑무늬붓꽃, 흰노랑붓꽃]: Temperate beauty

└·Iris pseudoacorus [corn flag, yellow flag, yellow iris, water flag, 노랑꽃창포]: Elegance, graceful feelings, I believe in you, You are virtuous

└·Iris rossii [long-tail iris, 각시붓꽃]: Shyness, bashfulness, refined, sophisticated

└·Iris sanguinea [Japanese iris, 붓꽃]

•Ismelia [이스멜리아속]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└·Ismelia carinata [syn. Glebionis carinatum; tricolor daisy, tricolour chrysanthemum, annual chrysanthemum, 삼색데이지] 

•Isopyrum [만주바람꽃속]: short-lived love

└·Isopyrum manshuricum [만주바람꽃]

•Ivy [common Ivy, English ivy, (Binomal name) Hedera helix]: Dependence, endurance, faithfulness; discernment, deception; love with fortune | Florescence: October | 01/21

•Ixeridium dentatum [lettuce, toothed ixeridium, toothed ixeris, toothed daisy, 씀바귀; Ixeris dentata]: Nobility, dignity | 03/10

[L]

•Lablab: Destined happiness

└·Lablab purpureus [syn. Dolichos lablab; hyacinth bean, lablab-bean, bonavist bean, bonavist pea, dolichos bean, seim bean, lablab bean, Egyptian kidney bean, Indian bean, bataw, Australian pea, 까치콩, 편두, 扁豆]

• Laburnum [golden chain, golden rain]: Bittersweet, sad beauty | 04/30

└·Laburnum alpinum [alpine laburnum, Scotch laburnum, Scottish laburnum] 

└·Laburnum anagyroides [common laburnum, golden chain, golden rain, 금사슬나무]

•Lactuca sativa [lettuce, 상추]: Simplicity | 03/11

•Lady's mantle [Alchemilla, 알케밀라속]: light, gleam, selfless love, devoted love, first love

└·Alchemilla vulgaris [lady's mantle, common lady's mantle, 알케밀라]

Lady's slipper/개불꽃 - 나를 이겨 가지세요. 

•Lagerstroemia: Happiness; to remember an old friend, to yearn after a departed lover; relationship; wealth and fame | 12/22

└·Lagerstroemia indica [배롱나무, 목백일홍]

•Lagurus [라그라스속]: I appreciate your kindness, Thank you for your kindness

└·Lagurus ovatus [hare's-tail, hare's-tail grass, bunnytail, 라그라스]

•Lamiaceae [라미아케아이, Labiatae, 꿀풀과; mint family, deadnettle family, sage family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Clerodendrum [누리장나무속; bagflower, bleeding-heart, glorybower]: Love, affection, pure love; glory

└·Lavandula [라벤더속; lavender, 라벤더]: devotion, distrust; rich aroma, expectation; chastity, fidelity; silence, answer me; stability, stabilization, relax, cool down | 07/05, 12/03

└·Melissa [멜리사, lemon balm, 레몬밤]: stability; sympathy, pity; birth | Florescence: June~September; White, yellow, light blue | 02/11

└·Ocimum [오키뭄, 바질속]: great hope, small hope, blessing; I hate you, hatred

└·Rosmarinus [로즈마리누스]: remembrance, memory, beautiful memory, happy memories, domestic happiness; concentration; integrity, chastity; Please think of me, Resuscitate me with your existence; zenith of love, zenithal love [→ Salvia(배암차즈기속)]

└·Salvia [배암차즈기속; sage]: family virtue

•Lampranthus: Negligence, laziness; exploit; patriotism

└·Lampranthus spectabilis [송엽국, 松葉菊]

•Lamprocapnos [금낭화속; bleeding-heart]

└·Lamprocapnos spectabilis [syn. Dicentra spectabilis; bleeding-heart, bleeding heart, Asian bleeding-heart, lyre flower, heart flower, lady-in-a-bath, 금낭화, 錦囊花, 며느리주머니, 귀걸이꽃]: Enthusiasm, passion; I will follow you; bleeding heart | 05/22

•Lantana [란타나속; shrub verbenas, lantanas]: solemnity, dignity, I don't change

└·Lantana camara [common lantana, big-sage (Malaysia), wild-sage, red-sage, white-sage (Caribbean), tickberry (South Africa), West Indian lantana, umbelanterna, 란타나 카마라]

•Larch [낙엽송, 落葉松; Larix]: Boldness, daring, bravery, courage | 03/09

•Lardizabalaceae [으름덩굴과]

└·Akebia [으름덩굴속]: talent 

└·Stauntonia [멀꿀속]: charms, winsomeness; joyful days

•Larix [Larch]: Boldness, daring, bravery, courage | 03/09

└·Larix kaempferi [Korean larch, Japanese larch, 낙엽송, 落葉松, 唐松]

•Larkspur [락스퍼]

└·Larkspur [Consolida, 콘솔리다속]: justice, freedom, liberty

└·Larkspur [Delphinium, 델피니움속, 제비고깔속; larkspur, 델피니움, 제비고깔]: levity, lightness; fun, joy, joyfulness, fickleness, sweetness, big-heartedness, ardent attachment; Why do you hate me?, Please understand me | [UK, US] July 

•Lasianthus [무주나무속]: restraint, self-control

└·Lasianthus japonicus [무주나무]: restraint, self-control

•Lathyrus [연리초속; peavines; vetchlings]

└·Lathyrus japonicus [sea pea, beach pea, circumpolar pea, sea vetchling, beach vetchling, 갯완두]: Delight of future

└·Lathyrus odoratus [sweet pea, 스위트피]: Love, youth, purity; good-bye; joy of love, blissful pleasure; gratitude; elegant memory, recollection, to remember me; pleasure, pitiableness | [GB, US] April | 06/09

•Lauraceae [녹나무과; laurels, laurel family]: compathy, beginning of life 

└·Cinnamomum [녹나무속; cinnamon]: Hermit with miraculous powers; fresh; to be on the gravy train

└·Laurus [월계수속, 月桂樹屬]: Honor; ambition, success, renown

•Laurel [bay, 월계수, 月桂樹; (Species) Laurus nobilis]: Honor; ambition, success, renown | Florescence: March~May; yellow | 02/16 

└·Laurel tree [bay tree, 월계수 나무]: Victory, glory 

└·Laurel leaves [bay leaves, 월계수 잎]: Unvaryingness 

└·Laurel flower [bay flower, 월계수 꽃]: Distrust, betrayal 

└·Laurel wreath [baywreath, 월계관]: Glory, reward for wisdom

Laurestine: A token

•Laurus [월계수속, 月桂樹屬]: Honor; ambition, success, renown

└·Laurus nobilis [laurel, bay, 월계수, 月桂樹]: Florescence: March~May; yellow | 02/16

•Lavandula [라벤더속; lavender, 라벤더]: devotion, distrust; rich aroma, expectation; chastity, fidelity; silence, answer me; stability, stabilization, relax, cool down | 07/05, 12/03

└·Lavandula angustifolia [syn. Lavandula officinalis; lavender, true lavender, English lavender, garden lavender, common lavender, narrow-leaved lavender, 라벤더]

└·Lavandula dentata [French lavender, Spanish lavender, fringed lavender]

└·Lavandula lanata [Spanish lavender, woolly lavender]

└·Lavandula multifida [Egyptian lavender, fernleaf lavender]

└·Lavandula stoechas [French lavender, Spanish lavender, topped lavender]

•Lavender [라벤더; Lavandula, 라벤더속]: devotion, distrust; rich aroma, expectation; chastity, fidelity; silence, answer me; stability, stabilization, relax, cool down | 07/05, 12/03

•Leaf bud [foliar bud, 잎눈, 葉芽]: Memories of the first love | 05/23

•Lecythidaceae [오예과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Leguminosae [Fabaceae, 콩과; legume, pea, bean family]

└·Desmodium [도둑놈의갈고리속; tick-trefoil, tick clover, hitch hikers, beggar lice]: excitement

└·Dolichos [편두속]: Destined happiness

└·Glycine [콩속; soybean]: destined happiness; fruitful love, small satisfaction

└·Glycyrrhiza [감초속]: unworldliness, unconventionality, wait

└·Indigofera [땅비싸리속; indigo]: thought, thinking, meditation, contemplation; deadly pale look

└·Lablab [랍랍속]: Destined happiness

└·Lupinus [루피너스속; lupin, lupine]: maternal affection, happiness | 11/02

└·Maackia [다릅나무속]: Good, nice

└·Phaseolus [강낭콩속]: Happy life

└·Pisum [완두속]: happy marriage, fecundity, joy of future

└·Pueraria [칡속]: sigh of love

└·Trifolium [토끼풀속; clover, 클로버, 토끼풀]: cheerfulness, influence, promise, luck, peace | 05/29, 06/17, 06/23, 08/31

└·Vicia [나비나물속; vetch]: Horse's veil; butterfly festival

└·Vigna [동부속]: happiness that is sure to come

└·Wisteria [등속]: love, welcome

•Lemon [레몬; Citrus limon]: fervor, sincere love, chastity; I adore you from my heart

└·Lemon blossom: discretion

•Lemon balm [balm, common balm, balm mint, melissa, 레몬밤, 멜리사; Melissa officinalis]: stability; sympathy, pity; birth | Florescence: June~September; White, yellow, light blue | 02/11

•Lemon basil [lemon basil, hoary basil, Thai lemon basil, Lao basil, 레몬바질; Ocimum × africanum]: change, memory, recollection

•Lemon verbena [레몬버베나; Aloysia triphylla, Aloysia citrodora]: patience | 11/13

•Lentibulariaceae [통발과; bladderwort family]

└·Utricularia [통발속; bladderworts]: tears of flies; patience

•Leontopodium [솜다리속]: precious memories, noble love

└·Leontopodium coreanum [솜다리]

└·Leontopodium leontopodioides [syn. Antennaria rosea; Northern edelweiss, rosy pussytoes, 들떡쑥]: truthful ideas

└·Leontopodium nivale [edelweiss]

•Lepidium [다닥냉이속; peppercress, peppergrass, pepperwort]: I’ll give you my all, devotion; energy, stamina

└·Lepidium apetalum [poor man's pepper, 다닥냉이]

•Lettuce [toothed ixeridium, toothed ixeris, toothed daisy, 씀바귀; (Species) Ixeris dentata, Ixeridium dentatum]: Nobility, dignity | 03/10

•Lettuce [상추; (종명) Lactuca sativa]: Simplicity | 03/11

•Leucanthemum [레우칸테뭄속]: endurance, pureness, peace

└·Leucanthemum vulgare [syn. Chrysanthemum leucanthemum; ox-eye daisy, 옥스아이데이지]: endurance, pureness, peace

└·Leucanthemum × superbum [Shasta daisy, 샤스타데이지, 샤스타국화]: endure, pureness, peace; truelove, prophecy | Florescence: May~July; white 

•Leucojum [snowflake, 스노플레이크; 스노플레이크속]: Virgin love, beauty | 12/19

└·Leucojum aestivum [summer snowflake, 은방울수선화]

└·Leucojum vernum [spring snowflake]

•Lewisia [레위시아속, 레비시아속]: angel's tears; cure, heal

└·Lewisia cotyledon [Siskiyou lewisia, cliff maids, 레위시아]

•Liatris [리아트리스속; blazing star]: expectation, anticipation; insist, persist, obstinate person, stubborn person, obstinacy, stubbornness; noble-mindedness, noble character

└·Liatris ligulistylis [Rocky Mountain blazing star, northern plains blazing star, meadow blazing star, 둥근리아트리스]

└·Liatris pycnostachya [prairie blazing star, cattail blazing star, button snakeroot, cattail gayfeather, thickspike gayfeather, Kansas gayfeather, 애기리아트리스]

└·Liatris scariosa [northern gayfeather, devil's bite, 방울리아트리스]

└·Liatris spicata [dense blazing star, prairie gay feather, button snakewort, florist gayfeather, marsh blazingstar, prairie-pine, 기린리아트리스]

•Lichen [moss, bryophyte, 이끼, 苔]: Maternal love; tenacious vitality | 01/22, 01/29, 08/10, 12/02

•Ligularia [곰취속; leopard plant, ragwort]: Wits of ladies, wisdom of women

└·Ligularia fischeri [gomchwi, Fischers ragwort, Fischer’s ragwort, 곰취]

└·Ligularia taquetii [Jejudo ragwort, 갯취]: Treasure

•Lilac [라일락; Syringa]: beginning of love, inception of love, first love, memory of youth, friendship; remembrance, reminiscence, pleasure, joy, brotherly love, sisterly love | 05/12; Easter

└·By Color

└-·Lilac (purple): first emotion of love, beginning of love | 05/30

└-·Lilac (red): friendly affection

└-·Lilac (white): youthful innocence, memories, gorgeous vow

•Liliaceae [백합과; lily family]: compathy, beginning of life 

└·Dracaena [용혈수속]: good fortune, lucky break; perform promise [→ Asparagaceae(아스파라거스과, 비짜루과)]

└·Lilium [나리속, 백합속; lily, true lilies, 백합, 百合, 나리]: honest, truth; purity, pure love, steadfast love, everlasting love

└·Liriope [lilyturf, monkey grass, spider grass, 맥문동속]: patience, endurance, modesty, humility, a series of joys [→ Asparagaceae(아스파라거스과, 비짜루과)]

└·Maianthemum [두루미꽃속; false lily of the valley, Mayflower]: splendor, extravagance, whim, caprice [→ Asparagaceae(아스파라거스과, 비짜루과)]

└·Ophiopogon [맥문아재비속; lilyturf, ophiopogon]: purebred; obedience, submission [→ Asparagaceae(아스파라거스과, 비짜루과)]

└·Polygonatum [둥굴레속; King Solomon's-seal, Solomon’s seal]: dignified service [→ Asparagaceae(아스파라거스과, 비짜루과)]

└·Rohdea [만년청속]: inheritance; mother's instinctive love [→ Asparagaceae(아스파라거스과, 비짜루과)]

└·Smilax [청미래덩굴속]: fun, mischief [→ Smilacaceae(청미래덩굴과)]

•Lilium [나리속, 백합속; lily, true lilies, 백합, 百合, 나리]: honest, truth; purity, pure love, steadfast love, everlasting love

└·By Color

└-·Lily (orange): Desire, passion; (negative) hatred

└-·Lily (scarlet): High-souled aspirations

└-·Lily (white): Purity, sweetness

└-·Lily (yellow): Merriment, pleasure

└·By Species

└-·Lilium auratum [golden-banded lily, goldband lily, 산나리]: Purity, virginity | 11/18

└-·Lilium bulbiferum [orange lily, fire lily, tiger lily]

└-·Lilium callosum [slim-stem lily, 땅나리]: lively, full of life, vivid, passion, ardor, fervor

└-·Lilium catesbaei [Catesby's lily, pine lily, leopard lily, tiger lily, southern-red lily]

└-·Lilium columbianum [Columbia lily, tiger lily]

└-·Lilium distichum [Manchurian turk’s-cap lily, 말나리]: naive, pure, purity, virginity

└-·Lilium henryi [tiger lily, Henry's lily, 湖北百合]

└-·Lilium lancifolium [Lilium tigrinum; tiger lily, 참나리]: Pure heart

└-·Lilium longiflorum [Madonna lily, Easter lily, 흰백합]

└-·Lilium pensylvanicum [syn. Lilium dauricum; Siberian lily, candlestick lily, 날개하늘나리]: Mild, gentleness

└-·Lilium superbum [Turk's cap lily, turban lily, swamp lily, lily royal, American tiger lily]

•Lily of the valley [May lily, 은방울꽃; Convallaria majalis]: Love, pure love, appreciation; humility, chastity, purity, sweetness, happiness, returning happiness, certainly be happy, trust; delicacy; hope | [UK, US] May | 05/05

Lime blossom: Fornication

•Limonium [갯질경속; misty blue, sea-lavender, statice, caspia, marsh-rosemary]: pure and elegant love

└·Limonium tetragonum [autumn statice, square-stem statice, 갯질경]: pure and elegant love

Linaria bipartita: Please notice my love/feelings for you

•Linden

└·Tilia [피나무속; lime, linden, basswood]: conjugal affection, marriged affection | 07/30, 08/23

└-·Tilia americana [American linden, linden tree, lime tree, bass, 피나무]

└-·Tilia amurensis [Amur lime, Amur linden, 피나무]

└-·Tilia platyphyllos [large-leaved linden]

└-·Tilia cordata [little-leaf linden]

└-·Tilia tomentosa [silver linden]

└-·Tilia × europaea [common lime, common linden, 유럽피나무]

└·Viburnum [가막살나무속]

└-·Viburnum dilatatum [viburnum linden, linden viburnum , linden arrowwood, 가막살나무]: Love is stronger than death | Florescence: June; white | Fruits: October; red | 06/22, 11/24

•Linden viburnum [linden arrowwood, 가막살나무; Viburnum dilatatum]: Love is stronger than death | Florescence: June; white | Fruits: October; red | 06/22, 11/24

•Lindera

└·Lindera benzoin [wild allspice, 벤조인생강나무]

└·Lindera obtusiloba [Korean spicebush, 생강나무]: shyness, confession of love, be captivated

•Linum [아마속; flax]

└·Linum stelleroides [Asian wild flax, 개아마]: Careful affection

└·Linum usitatissimum [flax, 亞麻, 아마]: Appreciation, responsibility

•Liparis loeselii [fen orchid, 펜오키드]: Magnificence | 04/15 

•Liriodendron [튤립나무속; tulip tree, tuliptree]: Fame; happiness of rural life | 08/17

└·Liriodendron chinense [Chinese tulip poplar, Chinese tulip tree, Chinese whitewood]

└·Liriodendron tulipifera [Tulip tree, 튤립나무]

•Liriope [lilyturf, monkey grass, spider grass, 맥문동속]: patience, endurance, modesty, humility, a series of joys

└·Liriope muscari [syn. Liriope platyphylla; big blue lilyturf, lilyturf, border grass, monkey grass, 맥문동]

•Lisianthus [리시안셔스]: Everlasting love

•Lithospermum [지치속; gromwells, stoneseeds]

└·Lithospermum arvense [corn gromwell, field gromwell, bastard alkanet, 개지치]: Toast

•Lloydia [개감채속 → Gagea(중의무릇속); alplily]: Eternal happiness, perpetual bliss

└·Lloydia triflora [syn. Gagea triflora; striation-flower alplily, 나도개감채]: I'm also a member of a lily family.

•Lobelia [숫잔대속; 로벨리아]: malevolence, distrust, resentment, the outset of the crisis; exquisiteness | 10/30

└·Lobelia erinus [edging lobelia, garden lobelia, trailing lobelia, 로벨리아]

└·Lobelia inflata [Indian tobacco, puke weed]

└·Lobelia siphilitica [great blue lobelia, great lobelia, giant lobelia, 로벨리아]

Lobularia maritima [sweet alyssum, alyssum maritimum, sweet alison, alyssum, 스위트알리섬, 향기알리섬]: Striking good looks, stunning beauty | Florescence: April | Florescence: March~October | 01/12

•Lonicera [인동덩굴속; honeysuckle]: love, devoted affection, love ties, bonds of love; gratitude, appreciation | 06/30

└·Lonicera albiflora [white honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera alpigena [alpine honeysuckle]: Fruits: late summer; brilliant red; inedible

└·Lonicera arizonica [Arizona honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera caerulea [blue-berried honeysuckle, sweetberry honeysuckle, honeyberry, haskap berry]: Flower: yellowish-white | Fruits: blue berry; edible

└·Lonicera canadensis [American fly honeysuckle, Canadian fly honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera caprifolium [goat-leaf honeysuckle, perfoliate honeysuckle, Italian woodbine, Italian honeysuckle, perfoliate woodbine]

└·Lonicera chrysantha [Chrysantha honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera ciliosa [orange honeysuckle, western trumpet honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera conjugialis [purpleflower honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera dasystyla [Tonkinese honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera dioica [limber honeysuckle, glaucous honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera etrusca [Etruscan honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera flava [yellow honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera fragrantissima [winter honeysuckle, fragrant honeysuckle, January jasmine, Chinese honeysuckle, kiss-me-at-the-gate, sweet breath of spring]

└·Lonicera × heckrottii [golden flame honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera hellenica [Greek honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera hildebrandiana [giant Burmese honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera hirsuta [hairy honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera hispidula [pink honeysuckle, California honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera interrupta [chaparral honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera involucrata [bearberry honeysuckle, bracted honeysuckle, twinberry honeysuckle, Californian Honeysuckle, twin-berry, black twinberry]

└·Lonicera japonica [Japanese honeysuckle, golden-and-silver honeysuckle, 인동덩굴]

└·Lonicera korolkowii [blueleaf honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera maackii [Amur honeysuckle, 괴불나무]: Delight of love

└·Lonicera morrowii [Morrow's honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera nigra [black-berried honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera nitida [boxleaf honeysuckle, box honeysuckle, Wilson's honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera oblongifolia [swamp fly honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera periclymenum [honeysuckle, common honeysuckle, European honeysuckle, woodbine]

└·Lonicera pileata [box-leaved honeysuckle, privet honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera pilosa [Mexican honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera reticulata [grape honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera ruprechtiana [Manchurian honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera sempervirens [coral honeysuckle, trumpet honeysuckle, scarlet honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera splendida [evergreen honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera standishii [Standish's honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera subspicata [southern honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera tatarica [Tatarian honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera utahensis [Utah honeysuckle, red twinberry, fly honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera villosa [mountain fly honeysuckle]

└·Lonicera xylosteum [fly honeysuckle, European fly honeysuckle, dwarf honeysuckle, fly woodbine]

•Loosestrife

└·Lysimachia: Tragic love, sad love, sadness of love | 10/11

└·Lythrum

•Loranthaceae [꼬리겨우살이과] 

└·Loranthus [꼬리겨우살이속; mulberry mistletoe]: Patience, endurance, perseverance

•Loranthus [꼬리겨우살이속; mulberry mistletoe]: Patience, endurance, perseverance

└·Loranthus tanakae [spike mulberry mistletoe, 꼬리겨우살이]

Lotus: Purity, chastity and eloquence; rebirth

Lotus flower/연꽃 - 소원해진 사랑

Love lies bleeding: Hopelessness

•Lunaria [루나리아속; honesty]: honesty, truthfulness

└·Lunaria annua [honesty, annual honesty, 루나리아]

•Lupinus [루피너스속; lupin, lupine]: maternal affection, happiness | 11/02

└·Lupinus angustifolius [narrowleaf lupin, narrow-leaved lupin, blue lupin, 가는잎미선콩]

└·Lupinus polyphyllus [lupine, large-leaved lupine, big-leaved lupine, many-leaved lupine, blue-pod lupine, garden lupin; Lupinus polyphyllus, 루피너스]

•Lychnis [동자꽃속; campion, catchfly, 동자꽃]: wait

└·Lychnis chalcedonica [Maltese-cross, burning love, dusky salmon, flower of Bristol, Jerusalem cross, nonesuch; syn. Silene chalcedonica]

└·Lychnis cognata [orange campion; 동자꽃]

└-·Lychnis cognata for. albiflora W.T.Lee [흰동자꽃]

└·Lychnis coronaria [syn. Silene coronaria; rose campion, dusty miller, mullein pink, bloody William, lamp-flower, 우단동자꽃]: faithfulness | 08/19 [→ Silene(장구채속)]

└·Lychnis flos-cuculi [Ragged-Robin]

└·Lychnis fulgens [brilliant campion, 털동자꽃]

└-·Lychnis fulgens for. glabra (Nakai) W.T.Lee [흰털동자꽃]

└·Lychnis kiusiana [narrow-leaf campion, 가는동자꽃]: brilliant wisdom, wits | Florescence: July~August | 11/08

└·Lychnis wilfordii [제비동자꽃]

•Lycium [box-thorn, desert-thorn]

└·Lycium chinense [Chinese boxthorn, Chinese matrimony-vine, Chinese teaplant, Chinese wolfberry, wolfberry, Chinese desert-thorn, 구기자, 구기자나무, 枸杞]: Sacrifice

•Lycopodiaceae [석송과]

└·Dendrolycopodium: beautiful mind, kindheartedness

└·Lycopodium [석송속]: beautiful mind, kindheartedness

•Lycopodium [석송속]: beautiful mind, kindheartedness

└·Lycopodium clavatum

└·Lycopodium obscurum [syn. Dendrolycopodium obscurum; rare clubmosses, ground pine, prince's pine, princess pine, 만년석송] [→ Dendrolycopodium]

•Lycoris [상사화속; hurricane lilies, cluster amaryllis]: painful reminiscence, death, reincarnation, rebirth, lost memory; hopeless love

└·Lycoris koreana [백양화, 백양꽃, 가재무릇]

└·Lycoris radiata [red spider lily, red magic lily, equinox flower, hurricane lily, resurrection lily]

└·Lycoris sprengeri [리코리스 스프렌게리; tie dye surprise lily]: to remain unchanged

└·Lycoris squamigera [resurrection lily, surprise lily, naked ladies, 상사화, 相思花]

•Lysichiton [리시키톤속; skunk cabbage, swamp lantern]: beautiful memory

└·Lysichiton camtschatcense [Asian skunk-cabbage, white skunk cabbage, 리시키톤]

•Lysimachia [까치수염속]

└·Lysimachia barystachys [Manchurian yellow loosestrife, 까치수염]: childlike, innocence; one in mind; sleeping star, friendly affection

└·Lysimachia leucantha [물까치수염]: childlike, innocence; one mind

└·Lysimachia maritima [previously Glaux maritima; blunt-leaf sea milkwort, sea milkwort, sea milkweed, black saltwort, 갯봄맞이]: To prepare for spring

•Lythraceae [부처꽃과; loosestrife family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Lythrum [loosestrife]: tragic love, sad love, sadness of love | 10/11

└·Rotala [마디꽃속; rotala]: sad love

└·Trapa [마름속; water-chestnut]: eternal happiness, perpetual bliss; thirst; diamond [← Trapaceae(마름과)]

•Lythrum [loosestrife]: tragic love, sad love, sadness of love | 10/11

└·Lythrum anceps [loosestrife, 부처꽃]

└·Lythrum salicaria [purple loosestrife, spiked loosestrife, purple lythrum]

[M]

•Maackia [다릅나무속]: Good, nice

└·Maackia amurensis [amur maackia, 다릅나무]

•Maclura [syn. Cudrania, 꾸지뽕나무속; cudrania]: Wisdom, sagacity; longevity, long life; commander, general

└·Maclura tricuspidata [syn. Cudrania tricuspidata; cudrang, mandarin melon berry, silkworm thorn, zhe, che, 柘, Chinese mulberry, 꾸지뽕나무]

•Magnolia [목련속]: noble spirit, nobility, friendship, love of nature 

└·Magnolia denudata [lilytree, Yulan magnolia, 백목련]: favor, kindness; hopeless love

└·Magnolia kobus [mokryeon, kobus magnolia, kobushi magnolia, 목련]: noble spirit, nobility, friendship

└·Magnolia liliiflora [Mulan magnolia, purple magnolia, red magnolia, lily magnolia, tulip magnolia, Jane magnolia, woody-orchid, 자목련]: love of nature | 07/04

└·Magnolia sprengeri [Sprenger's magnolia, 무당목련]: unchangeability 

•Magnoliaceae [목련과] (Magnolia and tulip tree family): compathy, beginning of life

•Maianthemum [두루미꽃속; false lily of the valley, Mayflower]: splendor, extravagance, whim, caprice

└·Maianthemum bifolium [two-leaf beadruby, false lily of the valley, May lily, 두루미꽃]

•Maiden-hair fern [아디안툼, 아디안텀, 공작고사리; (Genus) Adiantum]: Lovable character, person who should be careful; Secrecy; mirth | 04/07

•Maihuenioideae [의사엽선인장아과]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart, reckless love

└·Maihuenia [의사엽선인장속]

•Maize [corn, 옥수수; Zea mays]: Riches, wealth, valuables, treasures; making a big fortune on a single occasion | 08/04

•Mallow [아욱과, Malvaceae]: Consumed by love, exhausted in love

•Malpighiaceae [말피기과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Malus [사과나무속]: Temptation, fame, wisdom, success, honor, glory

└·Malus asiatica [apple tree, crab apple tree, Korean apple, Chinese pearleaf crabapple, 능금나무]: Favor, favor and indebtedness; liking, admirer, lover; regret; silver coin; silver flower, Snow White; flowerless

└·Malus domestica [syn. Malus pumila; apple tree, 사과나무, 沙果]: Temptation, fame, wisdom, success, honor, glory

└·Malus prunifolia [crab apple, plumleaf crab apple, plum-leaved apple, pear-leaf crabapple, 꽃사과]: Temptation

└·Malus × micromalus [Malus micromalus; midget crabapple, Kaido crabapple, 개아그배나무]: Fresh smile

•Malva [아욱속; mallow]: consumed by love, exhausted in love

└·Malva sylvestris [common mallow, cheeses, high mallow, tall mallow]: Affection, mother's love; grace | 03/22

└-·Malva sylvestris var. mauritiana [당아욱, 금규, 錦葵, common mallow]

└·Malva verticillata [아욱, Chinese mallow, curled mallow]

•Malvaceae [아욱과; mallow family, mallows]: consumed by love, exhausted in love; compathy, beginning of life

└·Abutilon [어저귀속; Indian mallow, velvetleaf, 어저귀]: speculation, conjecture | Florescence: July~September | 01/18 

└·Althaea [접시꽃속; marsh mallow]

└·Callirhoe [칼리호에속; poppy mallow]

└·Corchorus [코르코루스속, 황마속; mallow, molokia, mlukhia]

└·Hibiscus [무궁화속; rosemallow]

└·Kosteletzkya [코스텔레츠키아속; seashore mallow, sweat weed, Virginia saltmarsh mallow, salt marsh mallow, 해변아욱]

└·Lavatera [라바테라속; tree mallow, rose mallow]

└·Malacothamnus [bush-mallow, 관목아욱]

└·Malva [아욱속; mallow]: consumed by love, exhausted in love

└·Malvaviscus [말바비스쿠스속; Turk's cap mallow, wax mallow]

└·Pavonia [swampmallows]

└·Sidalcea [시달시아속; Greek mallow, chequer-mallow]

└·Sphaeralcea [스페롤치아속; globemallow]

귤나무 [mandarin tree, tangerine tree]: 친애, 깨끗한 사랑

•Mangifera [망고속]: a sincere heart, sincerity

└·Mangifera foetida [말망고]

└·Mangifera indica [mango, 망고]

└·Mangifera odorata [사이판망고]

•Maranta [마란타속; prayer plant]: friendship; prayer

└·Maranta arundinacea [arrowroot, maranta, West Indian arrowroot, obedience plant, Bermuda arrowroot, araru, ararao, hulankeeriya, 애로루트]

└·Maranta bicolor [마란타]

└·Maranta leuconeura [prayer plant]

•Marantaceae [마란타과; arrowroot family, prayer-plant family]

└·Maranta [마란타속; prayer plant]: friendship; prayer

•Marigold

└·Calendula

└-·Calendula officinalis [common marigold , pot marigold, ruddles, Scotch marigold, Calendula, 매리골드, 금잔화, 金盞花]: Warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love; disappointment, anguish, grief | Florescence: June~September | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

└·Tagetes [타게테스, 천수국속, 千壽菊屬]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

└-·Tagetes erecta [African marigold, Aztec marigold, 천수국, 千壽菊]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

└-·Tagetes lucida [sweetscented marigold, Mexican marigold, Mexican mint marigold, Mexican tarragon, sweet mace, Texas tarragon, pericón, yerbaniz, hierbanís, 멕시코 매리골드]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | 10/31~11/02; (MX) Day of the Dead(Día de los Muertos)

└-·Tagetes patula [French marigold, 만수국, 불란서 금잔화, 홍황초, 紅黃草]: Warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love; jealousy, malevolence | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

└-·Tagetes tenuifolia [Signet marigold]

└·Arctotheca

└-·Arctotheca calendula [cape marigold, capeweed, plain treasureflower, cape dandelion]

└·Baileya

└-·Baileya multiradiata [desert marigold]

└·Caltha [동의나물속; marsh marigold]: destined for happiness

└-·Caltha palustris [kingcup, marsh marigold, 마쉬 매리골드, 동의나물]: Florescence: April~August; yellow

└·Dimorphotheca

└-·Dimorphotheca sinuata [cape marigold, glandular cape marigold, Namaqualand daisy, orange Namaqualand daisy]

└·Glebionis [글에비오니스속]: fresh love

└-·Glebionis segetum [corn marigold, corn daisy]

└·Tithonia

└-·Tithonia diversifolia [tree marigold, Mexican tournesol, Mexican sunflower, Japanese sunflower, Nitobe chrysanthemum]

•Marsh marigold [kingcup, 마쉬 매리골드, 동의나물; Caltha palustris]: destined for happiness | Florescence: April~August; yellow

•Marsilea [네가래속; four-leaf clover, water clover]: Good luck

└·Marsilea quadrifolia [four-leaf clover, European waterclover, 네가래]

•Matthiola [맛티올라속; stock, 비단향나무꽃]: Forever beauty; (FR) I will never cheat on you | 05/06, 07/16 

└·Matthiola incana [hoary stock, tenweeks stock, 비단향꽃무] 

└·Matthiola longipetala [night-scented stock, evening-scented stock, 밤향비단향나무꽃]

May lily [Lily of the valley, 은방울꽃]: Love, appreciation; humility, chastity, purity, sweetness, happiness, returning happiness, trust; delicacy | [UK, US] May | 05/05

Mayflower: Welcome

•Medicago [개자리속; medick, burclover]

└·Medicago polymorpha [California burclover, toothed bur clover, toothed medick, burr medic, 개자리]: Pleasant memory

•Medlar [서양모과, common medlar; Mespilus germanica]: The only love | 11/01

•Megaleranthis [모데미풀속]: miss, sorriness, inconvenience, regret, painful reminiscence, sad memory

└·Megaleranthis saniculifolia [모데미풀]: miss, sorriness, inconvenience, regret, painful reminiscence, sad memory

•Melampodium [멜람포디움속]: Hope, peace; purity, pure heart; genuine, sincere

└·Melampodium leucanthum [plains blackfoot, blackfoot daisy, 블랙풋데이지] 

•Melampyrum [꽃며느리밥풀속; cow-wheat, cow wheat]

└·Melampyrum roseum [rosy cow-wheat, 꽃며느리밥풀, 산라화, 꽃새애기풀, 새애기풀, 꽃며느리바풀, 꽃밥알풀]: Jealousy, envy

•Meliaceae [멀구슬나무과] (Mahogany family): compathy, beginning of life

•Melissa [멜리사, lemon balm, 레몬밤]: stability, stabilization; calm, rest; sympathy, pity; virginity; birth | Florescence: June~September; white, yellow, light blue | 02/11

└·Melissa officinalis [멜리사 오피키날리스; lemon balm, balm, common balm, balm mint, 레몬밤]

•Menispermaceae [새모래덩굴과, 방기과, 防己科; moonseed Family]

└·Cocculus [댕댕이덩굴속; coralbead, moonseed]: supererogation

└·Menispermum [새모래덩굴속]: Beauty; give alms

•Menispermum [새모래덩굴속]: Beauty; give alms

└·Menispermum dauricum [Dauuria moonseed, コウモリカズラ, 蝙蝠藤, 새모래덩굴] 

•Mentha [박하속; mint, 민트]: doubt, uspicion; pure and simple heart, virtue, I'd like to love again | 03/16, 05/28, 12/21 

└·Mentha canadensis [Canada mint, American wild mint, East Asian wild mint,  Chinese mint, Sakhalin mint, Japanese mint, 박하]

└·Mentha piperascens [박하]

└·Mentha piperita [Peppermint, 페퍼민트]: freshness, refreshingness, exhilaration; warm heart, sincerity; I'd like to love again | Florescence: June~July 

└·Mentha pulegium [pennyroyal, 페니로열민트] 

└·Mentha spicata [spearmint, 스피어민트]

└·Mentha suaveolens [apple mint, 애플민트]: virtue, I'd like to love again | Florescence: July~September 

•Menyanthaceae [조름나물과]

└·Nymphoides [어리연꽃속; floatingheart]: Purity, pure, innocence; fairy of sleep; fairy of water, water Nymph, sprite, naiad

•Mespilus [양모과속]

└·Mespilus germanica [medlar, common medlar, 서양모과]: The only love | 11/01

•Meterostachys [난쟁이바위솔속; meterostachys]: Diligence, industry

└·Meterostachys sikokianus [dwarf rock pine, 난쟁이바위솔]

•Mexican ivy [cup-and-saucer vine, cathedral bells, monastery bells, 멕시칸아이비; Cobaea scandens]: change, alteration | Mexico

•Mexican marigold [cempasúchil, Aztec marigold, 멕시코매리골드]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | 10/31~11/02; (MX) Day of the Dead(Día de los Muertos)

└·Tagetes erecta [Mexican marigold, Aztec marigold, African marigold]

└·Tagetes lemmonii [Lemmon's marigold, Copper Canyon Daisy, Mountain Marigold, Mexican Marigold]

└·Tagetes lucida [sweetscented marigold, Mexican marigold, Mexican mint marigold, Mexican tarragon, sweet mace, Texas tarragon, pericón, yerbaniz, hierbanís]

└·Tagetes minuta [muster John Henry, Southern Cone marigold, Khakibos, stinking roger, wild marigold, black mint, Maxican marigold, 만수국아재비]: I want to be loved

•Mexican paintbrush [flossflower, bluemink, blueweed, pussy foot, Mexican ageratum, 멕시코엉겅퀴]: your trust; eternal youth, viridity

•Michaelmas daisy: memory | 09/09, 09/29

└·Michaelmas daisy [미카엘데이지, 갯개미취; Tripolium pannonicum, syn. Aster tripolium, syn. Aster pannonicus]

└·European Michaelmas daisy [Italian aster; Aster amellus]: farewell, departure

Mignonette (목서초, 木犀草): Worth (가치)

Milky-white violet [흰젖제비꽃, (Binomial name) Viola lactiflora]: Modesty; innocent love; simplicity | Florescence: April~May | 01/06 

•Miltonia [밀토니아속]: no more sorrow

└·Miltonia spectabilis [outstanding miltonia]

└·Miltonia warszewiczii [syn. Miltonioides warszewiczii, Oncidium fuscatum]

•Miltonioides [syn. Oncidium, Xeilyathum, 밀토니오이데스속; dancing-lady orchid, golden shower orchid]: no more sorrow

└·Miltonioides warszewiczii [syn. Miltonia warszewiczii, Oncidium fuscatum]

•Miltoniopsis [밀토니옵시스; pansy orchid]: no more sorrow

└·Miltoniopsis vexillaria

•Mimosa [미모사속; sensitive plant]: sensitivity, impressibility, carefulness, shyness | 01/26

└·Mimosa pudica [sensitive plant, sleepy plant, action plant, Dormilones, touch-me-not, shameplant, zombie plant, shy lady, shy plant, 미모사]: sensitivity, impressibility, carefulness, shyness | Florescence: July~August, red

•Mimosoideae [미모사아과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Miniature roses [미니장미]: endless love, eternal love

└·Jana spray rose [자나장미]

└·Rosa chinensis minima [잔쟁이중국장미]

•Mint [Menta]: doubt, suspicion; pure and simple heart, virtue, I'd like to love again | 03/16, 05/28, 12/21 

└·Apple mint [애플민트; Mentha suaveolens]: virtue, I'd like to love again | Florescence: July~September 

└·Pennyroyal [페니로열민트; Mentha pulegium] 

└·Peppermint [페퍼민트; Mentha piperita]: freshness, refreshingness, exhilaration; warm heart, sincerity; I'd like to love again | Florescence: June~July 

└·Spearmint [스피어민트; Mentha spicata]

•Mirabilis [분꽃속; four-o'clocks, umbrellaworts]: amazing, wondrous, remarkable

└·Mirabilis jalapa [marvel of Peru, four o'clock flower, 분꽃, 귀걸이꽃]: Coward, introverted, timidity, shyness; enthusiasm, passion | 05/22

•Misty blue [sea-lavender, statice, caspia, marsh-rosemary, 갯질경]: pure and elegant love

•Modiola [국화잎아욱속; bristly-fruited mallow, Carolina bristlemallow, babosilla, redflower mallow]: Richness, abundance

└·Modiola caroliniana [국화잎아욱]

•Molluginaceae [석류풀과]: Exploit, patriotism | 11/05, 12/11

•Mollugo

└·Mollugo pentaphylla [석류풀]: The zenith of prosperity

└·Mollugo verticillata [green carpetweed]

•Monotropa [수정난풀속]

└·Monotropa hypopithys [yellow Indian pipe, Dutchman's pipe, false beech-drops, pinesap, yellow bird's-nest, 구상난풀]: Wood nymph, dryad

•Monotropastrum [나도수정초속]

└·Monotropastrum humile [ghost plant, 나도수정초]: Fairy in the woods

•Monstera [몬스테라속]: strange, weird, mystery, wonder

└·Monstera deliciosa [monstera, Swiss cheese plant, window plant, cut leaf philodendron, geriman, fruit salad plant, fruit salad tree, ceriman, monster fruit, monsterio delicio, monstereo, Mexican breadfruit, windowleaf, balazo, Penglai banana, 몬스테라]: strange, weird, mystery, wonder

•Montiaceae [몬티아과] ← 쇠비름과 [Portulacaceae]

└·Lewisia [레위시아속, 레비시아속]: angel's tears; cure, heal

Moonflower: Dreaming of love

•Moraceae [모라케아이, 뽕나무과; mulberry family, fig family]

└·Broussonetia [닥나무속]: Information, record

└·Ficus [무화과나무속; fig trees, figs]: abundance, plenty, plentiful fruition, fecundity, enthusiasm

Morning glory [나팔꽃]: Daintiness, love, magic; pleasure, unity; love in vain, meaningless love | Florescence: July~August | [US] September | 06/25 

•Morning glory [나팔꽃; Ipomoea nil, Pharbitis nil]: Daintiness, love, magic; pleasure, unity; love in vain, meaningless love | Florescence: July~August | [US] September | 06/25  

└·By Color

└··Morning glory (white) [나팔꽃 (하양)]: Exuberant rejoicing | 04/14

└·By Genus

└-·Argyreia 

└-·Astripomoea 

└-·Calystegia 

└-·Convolvulus 

└-·Ipomoea [syn. Pharbitis, 이포메아속, 나팔꽃속, 미국나팔꽃속] 

└-·Lepistemon 

└-·Merremia 

└-·Operculina 

└-·Rivea 

└-·Stictocardia

•Moss [lichen, bryophyte, 이끼, 苔]: Maternal love; tenacious vitality | 01/22, 01/29, 08/10, 12/02

•Mountain ash [rowan, 마가목, 馬牙木, (Genus) Sorbus]: Mind without laziness; carefulness, prudence, sophrosyne, literacy, mercy | Florescence: May~June, White | 01/27

Mouse-ear chickweed [common mouse-ear, starweed, 점나도나물, (Genus) Cerastium]: Naive | Florescence: May∼July, White | 01/25

•Mukdenia [돌단풍속; mukdenia]: life force, vital power, hope, wish

└·Mukdenia rossii [maple-leaf mukdenia, 돌단풍]

Mullein: Good-nature

•Musk rose [사향장미, 麝香薔薇; (Species) Rosa moschata]: Whimsical love, capricious love | 02/25

•Mustard plant

└·Brassica [배추속]

└-·Brassica juncea [brown mustard, 갓]: Indifference | 09/08

└·Sinapis

•Mustard tree [mustard bush; Salvadora persica]: Indifference

Myosotis [forget-me-not, 물망초, 勿忘草]: Patience, daintiness, remembrance; deep emotional love, affection, true love; Please don't forget me. | Florescence: July~August | [GB] September | 02/07, 05/15

•Myrrh [몰약, 沒藥]: Truth; false love | 11/09

•Myrsinaceae [자금우과]: compathy, beginning of life

Myrsinaleaf oak [가시나무, 小葉靑風, (Binomial name) Quercus myrsinaefolia]: Patience | Florescence: April~May | 01/15

•Myrtaceae [도금양과, 桃金孃科; myrtle family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Eucalyptus

└·Rhodomyrtus [myrtle, 銀梅花, 桃金孃]: love, Sweet nothings, whispers of love; celebration; immortality, revival | Florescence: June; purple-red | 02/09

•Myrtle [銀梅花, 桃金孃; Rhodomyrtus]: love, Sweet nothings, whispers of love; celebration; immortality, revival | Florescence: June; purple-red | 02/09

[N]

•Naked lady: Painful reminiscence, death, reincarnation, rebirth, lost memory

└·Amaryllis [아마릴리스속]

└-·Amaryllis belladonna [Jersey lily, belladonna-lily, naked-lady-lily, March lily]

└·Colchicum [콜히쿰속]

└-·Colchicum autumnale [autumn crocus, meadow saffron, naked ladies]

└·Euphorbia [유포르비아속]

└-·Euphorbia tirucalli [aveloz, Indian tree spurge, naked lady, pencil tree, pencil cactus, milk bush, 유포르비아 티루칼리, 청산호]: Love for all people, charity

└·Lycoris [상사화속]

└-·Lycoris squamigera [resurrection lily, surprise lily, naked ladies, 상사화, 相思花]

•Nandina: Bad luck often brings good luck, strong feeling

└-·Nandina domestica [nandina, heavenly bamboo, sacred bamboo]

•Narcissus [수선화속; 수선화, 水仙花, daffodil]: Sweetness, self-esteem, vanity, dignity, self-respect, self-love; unrequited love; mystery, noble-mindedness, selfishness | Florescence: December~May | [US] December | 01/13, 03/01

└·By Color

└-·Narcissus (White) [수선화, 설중화, 수선, paperwhite]: Sweetness, self-esteem, vanity, dignity, self-respect, self-love; unrequited love; mystery, noble-mindedness, selfishness | Florescence: December~March | [US] December | 01/13, 03/01 

└-·Narcissus (Yellow) [jonquil, rush daffodil, 노랑수선화, 황수선, 黃水仙]: Answer to love, reciprocation of affection | Florescence: March~April | 01/02

└·By Species

└-·Narcissus Jonquilla [jonquil, rush daffodil, 노랑수선화, 황수선, 黃水仙]: Answer to love, reciprocation of affection | Florescence: March~April | 01/02

└-·Narcissus papyraceus [paperwhite, 수선화, 水仙花]: Sweetness, self-esteem, vanity, dignity, self-respect, self-love; unrequited love; mystery, noble-mindedness, selfishness | Florescence: December~March | [US] December | 01/13, 03/01 

└-·Narcissus pseudo-narcissus [daffodil, trumpet narcissus, 나팔수선화, 喇叭水仙花]: Spring, rebirth, domestic happiness, respect, regard, friendship; uncertainty, chivalry, unrequited love, return my affection; new beginnings; dignity, self-respect, self-love

└-·Narcissus tazetta [paperwhite, bunch-flowered narcissus, bunch-flowered daffodil, Chinese sacred lily, cream narcissus, joss flower, polyanthus narcissus]: Sweetness, self-esteem, vanity, dignity, self-respect, self-love; unrequited love; mystery, noble-mindedness, selfishness | Florescence: December~March | [US] December | 01/13, 03/01 

└·Narcissus triandrus [angel's tears, 트리안드러스 수선]: angel's tears; cure, heal | cream, yellow

•Narrow-leaf campion: Brilliant wisdom, wits | 11/08

└·Lychnis kiusiana [가는동자꽃]: Brilliant wisdom, wits | Florescence: July~August

└·Silene stenophylla [narrow-leafed campion]: Brilliant wisdom, wit; wait, endurance

•Narrow sword fern [줄고사리, (Species) Nephrolepis cordifolia]: Captivation, gloomy love, charming faithfulness

•Nasturtium: patriotic spirit | 09/06

└·Nasturtium [물냉이속; watercress, yellowcress]: patriotic spirit; I turn to my own contribution to

└-·Nasturtium officinale [물냉이, 크레송, watercress]: patriotic spirit; I turn to my own contribution to

└·Tropaeolum [한련속; nasturtium, nasturtian]

└-·Tropaeolum majus [garden nasturtium, Indian cress, monks cress, 한련]

•Nasturtium [물냉이속; watercress, yellowcress]: patriotic spirit; I turn to my own contribution to | 09/06

└·Nasturtium officinale [watercress, yellowcress, 물냉이]: patriotic spirit; I turn to my own contribution to

•Neillia [syn. Stephanandra, 국수나무속]

└·Neillia incisa [syn. Stephanandra incisa; laceshrub, lace shrub, 국수나무]: Maternal love

​•Nemophila [baby blue eyes, 네모필라]: Patriotism, consideration for family | Florescence: April~May; sky-blue, azure, white | 02/21

└·Nemophila insignis [네모필라, 유리당초]

•Neottianthe [synm. Ponerorchis, 구름병아리난초속; Neottianthe orchid]: Pure love

└·Neottianthe cucullata [syn. Ponerorchis cucullata; Cucullate neottianthe orchid, 구름병아리난초]

•Nephrolepis [줄고사리속; macho ferns, swordferns, 네프로레피스]: Captivation

└·Nephrolepis cordifolia [narrow sword fern, fishbone fern, tuberous sword fern, 줄고사리]: Captivation, gloomy love, charming faithfulness

└·Nephrolepis exaltata [sword fern, Boston fern, Boston swordfern, wild Boston fern, Boston Fern, Boston Blue Bell Fern, tuber ladder fern, fishbone fern, 보스톤고사리]: Captivation; protection

•Nerium [협죽도속; nerium, oleander]: Danger, caution; Do not love me | 08/12

└·Nerium indicum [Nerium oleander]

•Nettle (stinging) (쐐기풀): Life and death, protection as in Shakespeare's Hamlet

신서란(新西蘭) [신(New)+서란(Zealand의 음차); 뉴질랜드 삼(New Zealand Hemp), 뉴사이란, 잎세난, 잎새란, 하라케케(Harakeke), 뉴질랜드 마(New Zealand Flax)]: 참신; 추억

•Nicotiana [담배속; tobacco plants]: feelings, mood; poison

└·Nicotiana tabacum [tobacco, 담배]

└·Nicotiana × sanderae [flowering tabacco plant, 꽃담배]: I am not lonely with you | 08/29 

•Nigella [흑종초]: Love of dream 

└·Nigella damascena 

└·Nigella sativa

•Nuphar [개연꽃속; water-lily, pond-lily, alligator-bonnet, bonnet lily, spatterdock]: Dangerous love, fatal love

└·Nuphar japonica [syn. Nuphar japonicum; East Asian yellow water-lily, 개연꽃]: Dangerous love, fatal love

└·Nuphar pumila [red least water-lily, least water-lily, small yellow pond-lily, dwarf water lily, 남개연]: Pure heart, pure soul, immaculate thoughts, pure in mind

•Nymphaea [수련속; water lily, waterlily, 수련, 睡蓮]: Joyfulness, fickleness, sweetness; pure heart | Florescence: May~Sep | [US] July | 04/27, 05/08 

└·Nymphaea tetragona [water lily, pygmy water lily, 수련, 睡蓮] 

└·Nymphaea tetragona var. minima [pretty pygmy water-lily, 각시수련]: Pure heart

•Nymphaeaceae [수련과, 睡蓮科; water lilies]

└·Nuphar [개연꽃속; water-lily, pond-lily, alligator-bonnet, bonnet lily, spatterdock]: Dangerous love, fatal love

└·Nymphaea [수련속; water lily, waterlily, 수련, 睡蓮]: Joyfulness, fickleness, sweetness; pure heart | Florescence: May~Sep | [US] July | 04/27, 05/08

└·Victoria [빅토리아수련속]

•Nymphoides [어리연꽃속; floatingheart]: Purity, pure, innocence

└·Nymphoides indica [water snowflake, banana plant, robust marshwort, 어리연꽃]

└·Nymphoides peltata [fringed water lily, yellow floating heart, floating heart, water fringe, entire marshwort, water fringe yellow floatingheart, 노랑어리연꽃]: Fairy of sleep; fairy of water, water Nymph, sprite, naiad

​

[O]

•Oak [oak tree, Korean oak, daimyo oak, 떡갈나무; Quercus dentata]: sociability; fairness, fortitude and vigor, love is forever | Florescence: April~May | 02/19, 09/27

└·Oak leaf [떡갈나무 잎]: strength

Oats: Music

•Ochnaceae [오크나과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Ocimum [오키뭄, 바질속]: great hope, small hope, blessing; I hate you, hatred | 10/15

└·Ocimum basilicum [great basil, sweet basil, basil, 바질]

└·Ocimum × africanum [lemon basil, hoary basil, Thai lemon basil, Lao basil, 레몬바질]: change, memory, recollection

•Oenanthe [미나리속; water dropworts]: sincerity, noble-mindedness, loftiness

└·Oenanthe crocata [water dropwort]

└·Oenanthe javanica [dropwort, Java waterdropwort, Chinese celery, Indian pennywort, Japanese parsley, water celery, water dropwort, minari, 미나리]: sincerity, noble-mindedness, loftiness

•Oenothera [달맞이꽃속; evening primrose, suncups, sundrops]

└·Oenothera biennis [common evening-primrose, evening star, sun drop, weedy evening primrose, German rampion, hog weed, King's cure-all, fever-plant, 달맞이꽃]: Free spirit; silent love, wish; waiting, night fairy, sorcery, spell | 06/21

└·Oenothera fruticosa [ narrowleaf evening primrose, narrow-leaved sundrops, 황금낮달맞이꽃]

└·Oenothera lamarckiana [evening primrose, evening-primrose, 달맞이꽃]

└·Oenothera odorata

└·Oenothera speciosa [pinkladies, pink evening primrose, showy evening primrose, Mexican primrose, amapola, 분홍낮달맞이꽃]

•Olea europaea [olive, 올리브]: Peace, abundance, fertility, strength, power, safety, glory, wisdom, purity | 05/26

•Oleaceae [물푸레나무과; olive family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Forsythia [개나리속; golden bell]: hope, My love is deeper than yours

└·Syringa [수수꽃다리속; lilac, 라일락]: beginning of love, inception of love, first love, memory of youth, friendship; remembrance, reminiscence, pleasure, joy, brotherly love, sisterly love | 05/12; Easter

•Olive [올리브; Olea europaea]: Peace, abundance, fertility, strength, power, safety, glory, wisdom, purity | 05/26

•Onagraceae [바늘꽃과; willowherb family, evening primrose family]

└·Epilobium [바늘꽃속; willowherbs]: sexy love, yearning after one's departed lover

└·Oenothera [달맞이꽃속; evening primrose, suncups, sundrops]: free spirit; silent love, wish; waiting, night fairy, sorcery, spell | 06/21

•Oncidium [무희란속, syn. Miltonioides, Xeilyathum; dancing-lady orchid, golden shower orchid]: no more sorrow

└·Oncidium altissimum [syn. Xeilyathum altissimum; Wydler's dancing-lady orchid]

└·Oncidium baueri

└·Oncidium fuscatum [syn. Miltonia warszewiczii, Miltonia warszewiczii]

•Ophiopogon [맥문아재비속; lilyturf, ophiopogon]: purebred; obedience, submission

└·Ophiopogon jaburan [wild lilyturf, 맥문아재비]

•Opuntieae [선인장족]

└·Consolea [콘솔레아속]: intense love, fire of love

•Opuntioideae [오푼티오이데아이, 부채선인장아과, 선인장아과, 仙人掌亞科]

└·Consolea [콘솔레아속]: intense love, fire of love

└·Opuntia [부채선인장속; 부채선인장, 손바닥선인장, 백년초(선인장)]: To arm, patience, burning heart, passion, ardor, fervor

└·Opuntia ficus-indica [prickly pear, Indian fig opuntia, Barbary fig, cactus pear, spineless cactus, 단선, 단선선인장, 오푼티아 피쿠스-인디카 선인장]: Warm heart, passion, ardor, respect, admiration, satire

•Orange: The joy of bride; purity; generous mind, liberal mind | 09/07, 09/24

└·Orange [오렌지, 당귤; Citrus × sinensis, Citrus aurantium]

└-·Sweet orange [Valencia orange, 발렌시아오렌지]

└-·Blood orange [블러드오렌지]

└-·Navel orange [네이블오렌지]

└·Bitter orange [쓴귤; Citrus × aurantium]

└·Bergamot orange [Citrus bergamia]

└·Mandarin orange [mandarin, mandarine; Citrus reticulata]

└·Trifoliate orange [Japanese bitter-orange, hardy orange, Chinese bitter orange; Poncirus trifoliata, Citrus trifoliata]

•Orange stonecrop [Sedum kamtchaticum, 기린초, 麒麟草]: a girl's love

•Orchid [난초; Orchidaceae, orchid family]: Refined beauty, elegant beauty; integrity, fidelity, humility, faithfulness, nobility, loyalty, pureness; an iron hand in a velvet glove

•Orchidaceae [난초과; orchid family, orchid]: Refined beauty, elegant beauty; integrity, fidelity, humility, faithfulness, nobility, loyalty, pureness; an iron hand in a velvet glove

└·Aerides [cat's-tail orchids, fox brush orchids]: Patience

└-·Aerides japonica [나도풍란, 대엽풍란]

└·Cymbidium [춘란속, 보춘화속, 심비듐속, 심비디움속; boat orchids]

└-·Cymbidium goeringii [noble orchid, 춘란, 春蘭, 보춘화, 報春花, 보춘란, 報春蘭]: Simple mind

└·Cypripedium [복주머니란속; slipper orchids, lady's slipper orchids, moccasin flower, camel's foot, squirrel foot, steeple cap, Venus' shoes, whippoorwill shoe]: good news, hope, wish

└·Dendrobium [석곡속, 덴드로븀속]: refined beauty, elegant beauty; smart-alecky beauty, tomboy, shrew,rude beauty; loftiness

└-·Dendrobium moniliforme [carrot fern, Korean dendrobium, 석곡, 石斛]: loftiness

└·Galearis [나도제비란속; galearis]: I love you

└·Sedirea: Patience

└-·Sedirea japonica [나도풍란, 대엽풍란]

└·Vanda [반다속, formerly Neofinetia, 네오피비티아속]

└-·Vanda falcata [syn. Aerides thunbergii, syn. Neofinetia falcata; wind orchid, 풍란, 風蘭, 꼬리난초, 소엽풍란]: Patience

└·Vanilla [바닐라속]: Frugal, unaffected, plain

•Orostachys [바위솔속]: diligence in housework

└·Orostachys japonica [houseleek, sengreen, rock pine, 바위솔]: Florescence: September~October; white | 02/06

└·Orostachys malacophylla [spatulate rock pine, 둥근바위솔]

•Osmanthus [목서속]

└·Osmanthus fragrans [sweet osmanthus, sweet olive, tea olive, fragrant olive, 목서]: temptation, lure, You are noble, noble-mindedness, loftiness

└-·Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus [금목서]: win upon your heart, heady perfume

└·Osmanthus heterophyllus [holly osmanthus, holly olive, false holly, 구골나무]: Protection, preservation, precaution

•Osmunda [royal fern, king fern, flowering fern, 고비]: Exorcism; travel; fantasy, dream | 07/25 (Christopher's day), 08/27

└·Osmunda japonica [Asian royal fern, 고비]

•Osteospermum [오스테오스페르뭄속; daisybushes, African daisy, 아프리칸데이지]: energy, vitality, recovery, restoration, happiness, bliss

└·Osteospermum fruticosum [trailing African daisy, shrubby daisybush]

•Oxalidaceae [괭이밥과]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Oxalis [괭이밥속; wood sorrel]: shining mind, brilliant mind

•Oxalis [괭이밥속; wood sorrel]: shining mind, brilliant mind

└·Oxalis acetosella [common wood sorrel, stabwort]

└·Oxalis articulata [pink-sorrel, pink wood sorrel, windowbox wood-sorrel, sourgrass, 덩이괭이밥]

└·Oxalis caerulea [blue wood sorrel]

└·Oxalis corniculata [creeping wood sorrel, procumbent yellow-sorrel, sleeping beauty, 괭이밥]: Brilliant mind | 05/20

└·Oxalis crassipes [white wood sorrel]

└·Oxalis montana [mountain woodsorrel, white woodsorrel]

└·Oxalis purpurea L. [purple wood-sorrel]

└·Oxalis regnellii [false shamrock, purple shamrock, love plant]

└·Oxalis rubra A.St.-Hil. [red wood-sorrel]

└·Oxalis stricta [common yellow woodsorrel, common yellow oxalis, upright yellow-sorrel, lemon clover, pickle plant, sourgrass, yellow woodsorrel]

└·Oxalis suksdorfii [western yellow woodsorrel, western yellow oxalis]

└·Oxalis violacea [violet wood-sorrel]

•Oxeye daisy: Patience

[P]

•Pachycereus [패키케레우스속, Marginatocereus, 마르기나토케리우스속]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart

└·Pachycereus marginatus [syn. Marginatocereus marginatus; organ-pipe cactus, Mexican Fencepost Cactus, 백운각선인장, 백운각, 白雲閣]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart

•Paeonia [peony, paeony, 작약속]: shyness, bashfulness, shame; wealth, honor, abundance, opulence; anger, rage; cheerfulness, friendship; dignity of prince, happy marriage; prosperity, prosper (in China); masculinity, bravery, valor (in Japan)

└·Paeonia lactiflora [작약, 함박꽃, 芍藥, paeony]: Cheerfulness, friendship; shame, bashfulness, shyness; anger; wealth, abundance; prosperity, honor (in China); masculinity, bravery (in Japan) | Florescence May∼June | [US] November

└·Paeonia × suffruticosa [peony, tree peony, Chinese mudan, 모란]: shyness, bashfulness, shame; wealth, honor, abundance, opulence; anger, rage; cheerfulness, friendship; dignity of prince, happy marriage; prosperity, prosper (in China); masculinity, bravery, valor (in Japan) | Florescence April~May | [US] November | [Lunar] 08/15

•Paeoniaceae [작약과]

└·Paeonia [peony, paeony, 작약속]: shyness, bashfulness, shame; wealth, honor, abundance, opulence; anger, rage; cheerfulness, friendship; dignity of prince, happy marriage; prosperity, prosper (in China); masculinity, bravery, valor (in Japan)

•Paliurus [갯대추나무속; Jerusalem thorn]

└·Paliurus ramosissimus [maritime jujuba, 갯대추나무]: The first meeting

•Palm [Arecaceae]: Victory | 10/05

└·Phoenix

└-·Phoenix dactylifera [date palm, 대추야자]: Victory; life, richness, glory, beauty, delight | 10/05

└·Rhapis

└-·Rhapis humilis [lady palm, 종려죽]

└·Trachycarpus [당종려속]: Victory

└-·Trachycarpus fortunei [Chinese windmill palm, windmill palm, Chusan palm, fortune palm, 당종려, 唐棕櫚]: Victory, win, gain; fortune

•Palmae [syn. Arecaceae, 종려과, 椶櫚科, 야자과, 椰子科; palms, palm trees]

└·Trachycarpus [당종려속]: Victory

Pansy: Thoughts (according to Ophelia of Hamlet) Sometimes referring to "lover's thoughts"

Pansy/삼색제비꽃 - 순애 

•Papaver [poppy, 양귀비]: Moral integrity; eternal sleep, oblivion, imagination; sweetness | Florescence: May~June | [US] August 

└·Papaver aculeatum [South African poppy]

└·Papaver alboroseum [pale poppy]

└·Papaver alpinum [dwarf poppy]

└·Papaver argemone [long pricklyhead poppy, prickly poppy, pale poppy]

└·Papaver burseri [Papaver alpinum; alpine poppy]

└·Papaver californicum [fire poppy, western poppy]

└·Papaver croceum [ice poppy]

└·Papaver dahlianum [Svalbard poppy]

└·Papaver degenii [Pirin poppy]

└·Papaver dubium [long-headed poppy, blindeyes]

└·Papaver glaucum [tulip poppy, Turkish red poppy]

└·Papaver gorodkovii [Arctic poppy]

└·Papaver hybridum [round pricklyhead poppy]

└·Papaver kluanense [alpine poppy]

└·Papaver lapponicum [Lapland poppy]

└·Papaver macounii [Macoun's poppy]

└·Papaver mcconnellii [McConnell's poppy]

└·Papaver miyabeanum [Japanese poppy]

└·Papaver nudicaule [Iceland poppy, Icelandic poppy]

└·Papaver orientale [Oriental poppy]

└·Papaver pseudo-orientale [Oriental poppy]

└·Papaver pygmaeum [pigmy poppy]

└·Papaver radicatum [rooted poppy]

└·Papaver rhoeas [common poppy, corn poppy, field poppy, annual poppy, Flanders poppy, Shirley poppy, corn rose, 개양귀비, 우미인초, 虞美人草, 애기아편꽃]: Light love, short-lived love, indifference, coolness

└·Papaver rupifragum [Atlas poppy, Moroccan poppy, Spanish poppy]

└·Papaver sendtneri [white alpine poppy]

└·Papaver setigerum [Poppy of Troy, dwarf breadseed poppy]

└·Papaver somniferum [opium poppy, breadseed poppy, 양귀비]

└·Papaver umbonatum [Semitic poppy, Israeli poppy]

└·Papaver walpolei [Walpole's poppy] 

•Papaveraceae [양귀비과]

└·Coreanomecon [syn. Chelidonium; 매미꽃속]: butterfly of spring

•Parthenocissus [담쟁이덩굴속, creeper, Virginia creeper]: Friendship; gorgeous magnetism; dependence, endurance, faithfulness | 01/21

└·Parthenocissus tricuspidata [ivy, Boston ivy, grape ivy, 담쟁이덩굴]

•Passiflora

└·Passiflora caerulea [passion flower, 시계꽃]: Divine love, belief | 06/27

•Passifloraceae [시계초과] (Passion flower family): compathy, beginning of life

•Passion flower [시계꽃; Passiflora caerulea]: Divine love, belief | 06/27

•Patrinia [마타리속; patrinia]: warm heart, kindly feeling; beauty, beautiful woman; love without measure

└·Patrinia rupestris [rocky golden lace, 돌마타리]

└·Patrinia saniculifolia [sanicula-leaf golden lace, 금마타리]: warm heart, beauty, fathomless love, to love without measure

└·Patrinia scabiosifolia [patrinia, golden lace, 마타리]: warm heart, kindly feeling; beauty, beautiful woman; love without measure

•Pavonia [파보니아속; swampmallows]: Consumed by love, exhausted in love

└·Pavonia lasiopetala [Texas swamp-mallow, wright pavonia, rock rose]

•Peach blossom [복숭아꽃; Prunus persica]: Long-life, generosity, bridal hope; slave of love, captive of love; charm, temptation, forgiveness, hope; (China) longevity; good luck, wealth 

•Pear blossom [배꽃; Pyrus]: Lasting friendship, love; affection, gentle affection, comfort, merriment, illusion fantasy | [UK, US] July | 04/20

•Pedicularis [송이풀속]: Greed

└·Pedicularis resupinata [송이풀]

└-·Pedicularis resupinata var. umbrosa Kom. ex Nakai [그늘송이풀]: Greed

└-·Pedicularis resupinata for. albiflora (Nakai) W.T.Lee [흰송이풀]

•Pelargonium [펠라르고늄속]: Gentility, determination; fruition, friendship; There's happiness because of you; true love, true affection | 04/24, 06/28, 07/27

└·Pelargonium graveolens [rose geranium]

└·Pelargonium x hortorum [zonal geranium, garden geranium]

└·Pelargonium inquinans [scarlet geranium, malva]

└·Pelargonium peltatum [ivy-leaved geranium, ivy-leaved pelargonium, cascading geranium, 아이비제라늄]: True love, true affection | 07/09

└·Pelargonium tomentosum [peppermint geranium, 페퍼민트제라늄]: Sincerity

└·Pelargonium zonale [horse-shoe pelargonium, wildemalva, 무늬제라늄]: Comfort | 08/11

•Penthorum [낙지다리속]: Reunion; I'm really glad to see you again after all these years.

└·Penthorum chinense [Oriental penthorum, 낙지다리]

•Peony

└·Peony [작약, 함박꽃, 芍藥, paeony; Paeonia lactiflora]: Cheerfulness, friendship; shame, bashfulness, shyness; anger; wealth, abundance; prosperity, honor (in China); masculinity, bravery (in Japan) | Florescence May∼June | [US] November

└·Peony [목단, 牧丹, tree peony; Paeonia suffruticosa]: Cheerfulness, friendship; shame, bashfulness, shyness; anger; wealth, abundance; dignity, happy marriage; prosperity, honor (in China); masculinity, bravery (in Japan) | Florescence April~May | [US] November | [Lunar] 08/15

•Peppermint [페퍼민트; (Species) Mentha piperita]: Freshness, refreshingness, exhilaration; warm heart, sincerity; I'd like to love again | Florescence: June~July

•Periwinkle [페리윙클, 일일초; (Genus) Catharanthus, Vinca] 

└·Catharanthus [Madagascar periwinkle, 일일초; (Genus) Catharanthus roseus, Vinca rosea]: Pleasant memory; friendship; I remember a good thing, I love you. | Florescence: July~September; white, pink, red, lilac | 02/24, 04/10 

└·Vinca [periwinkle, 일일초; (Genus) Vinca]: Pleasant memory; friendship; I remember a good thing, I love you. | Florescence: July~September; white, red, purple | 02/24, 04/10

•Persian chrysanthemum [페르시아국화, Chrysanthemum coccineum]: Competitive spirit | 04/13

•Persicaria [여뀌속; knotweeds, smartweeds]: the end of the study, graduation

└·Persicaria hydropiper [water-pepper, water pepper, marshpepper knotweed, 여뀌]: the end of the study, graduation

└·Persicaria nodosa [node smartweed, 명아자여뀌]: the end of the study, graduation

└·Persicaria perfoliata [mile-a-minute, devil's tail, giant climbing tearthumb, Asiatic tearthumb, Asian tearthumb, 사광이풀]: hopeless love

└·Persicaria senticosa [prickled-vine smartweed, 사광이아재비]: jealousy, envy

•Petasites [머위속; butterbur]: fairness, justice

└·Petasites japonicus [butterbur, giant butterbur, great butterbur, coltsfoot, sweet-coltsfoot, 머위]: fairness, justice | 11/17

•Petroselinum [parsley]: Victory, festival; death | 10/08

└·Petroselinum crispum [garden parsley, 파슬리]

•Peucedanum [기름나물속]

└·Peucedanum japonicum [coastal hogfennel, coastal hog fennel, 갯기름나물]: Confession

•Phalaenopsis [moth orchids; 호접란, 팔레놉시스]: I love you; Happiness alights; sign of love | 12/16

└·Phalaenopsis amabilis [moon orchid, moth orchid, 보름달 난초]

•Phalaris [갈풀속; ribbongrass, gardener's-garters, lady's-laces, painted grass, reed canary grass]: Tenacity | Florescence: June; Green | 02/13

└·Phalaris arundinacea [ribbongrass, reed canary grass, 갈풀]

•Phaseolus [강낭콩속]: Happy life 

└·Phaseolus vulgaris [kidney bean, common bean, green bean, French bean, 덩굴강낭콩]

└-·Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis [강낭콩]

•Philadelphus [고광나무속; mock orange]: Elegance, dignity, memory

└·Philadelphus schrenkii [Korean mock orange, 고광나무]

•Phlox [풀협죽도속; 플록스]: Harmony; gentle | 07/14

└·Phlox paniculata [garden phlox]

└·Phlox subulata [creeping phlox, moss phlox, ground pink, moss-pink, mountain phlox, 꽃잔디, 지면패랭이꽃]: Mild, genial, sacrifice

•Phoenix [대추야자속]

└·Phoenix dactylifera [date, date palm, 대추야자]: Victory; life, richness, glory, beauty, delight | 10/05

•Phormium [마오란속, 뉴질랜드삼속]: Novelty, originality, memory, recollection

└·Phormium tenax [뉴질랜드삼, flax, harakeke, New Zealand flax, New Zealand hemp]

•Phragmites [common reed, reed; 갈대속]

└·Phragmites communis [syn. Phragmites australis; reed, common reed, 갈대]: Deep affections; kindness, faith, belief, sagacity, power | 12/08

•Physalis [꽈리속; ground cherry]: natural beauty; shyness, silent beauty, weakness | 12/29

└·Physalis alkekengi [winter cherry, ground cherry, Chinese lantern plant, bladder cherry, Koean lantern, Chinese lantern, Japanese-lantern, strawberry groundcherry, 꽈리]

└·Physalis angulata [angular winter cherry, balloon cherry, cutleaf groundcherry, gooseberry, hogweed, wild tomato, camapu, 땅꽈리]: weakness, shyness, bashfulness

└·Physalis longifolia [common groundcherry, longleaf groundcherry, wild tomatillo]

└·Physalis peruviana [Cape gooseberry, goldenberry, poha, physalis, Inca berry]

•Physostegia [꽃범의꼬리속; lionshearts, false dragonheads]

└·Physostegia virginiana [obedient plant, obedience, false dragonhead, 꽃범의꼬리, 피소스테기아]: Youth, remains of youth

•Phytolacca [자리공속; pokeweeds, pokebush, pokeberry, pokeroot, poke sallet]: joy, delight, girl's dream

└·Phytolacca acinosa [syn. Phytolacca esculenta; Indian poke]: joy, delight, girl's dream

└·Phytolacca americana [미국자리공]: joy, delight, girl's dream

└·Phytolacca esculenta [syn. Phytolacca acinosa; Indian poke]: joy, delight, girl's dream

•Picea [spruce; 가문비나무속]

└·Picea jezoensis [spruce; 가문비나무]: Faithfulness, honesty

•Pieris [마취목속; andromedas, fetterbushes]: sacrifice; travelling in your company

└Pieris japonica [Japanese andromeda, Japanese pieris, Dwarf Lilly-of-the-Valley Shrub]

•Pinaceae [소나무과; pine family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Pinus [소나무속; pine]: eternity, unchangeability; bravery, fidelity, longevity with eternal youth; solitude; pathos, daringness, faithfulness

•Pine [소나무, 松; Pinus densiflora]: Eternity, unchangeability; bravery, fidelity, longevity with eternal youth; solitude; pathos, daringness, faithfulness | Florescence: May | 01/19, 11/14, 12/14

Pitch pine blossom  Philosophy

•Pineapple [Ananas comosus]: Absolute perfection | 12/20

•Pinus [소나무속; pine]: Eternity, unchangeability; bravery, fidelity, longevity with eternal youth; solitude; pathos, daringness, faithfulness

└·Pinus densiflora [Korean red pine, Japanese red pine, Japanese pine, pine, 소나무]: Eternity, unchangeability; bravery, fidelity, longevity with eternal youth; solitude; pathos, daringness, faithfulness | Florescence: May | 01/19, 11/14, 12/14

└-·Pinus densiflora f. erecta Uyeki [Upright Korean red pine; 금강소나무]

└·Pinus palustris [longleaf pine, 대왕송]: wealth, riches and honors

└·Pinus rigida [pitch pine, 리기다소나무]: whisper of hope

└·Pinus thunbergii [black pine, 곰솔]: Health and longevity

•Pisum [완두속]: happy marriage, fecundity, joy of future

└·Pisum sativum [pea, garden bean, 豌豆, 완두]

•Pittosporaceae [돈나무과; Pittosporum family]

└·Pittosporum [돈나무속; cheesewood, pittosporums]: love in a dream, favoritism

•Pittosporum [돈나무속; cheesewood, pittosporums]: love in a dream, favoritism

└·Pittosporum tobira [Australian laurel, East Asian pittosporum, mock orange, East Asian cheesewood, 돈나무]

•Plantaginaceae [질경이과; plantain family]

└·Cymbalaria [덩굴해란초속]: eternal love

└·Globularia [글라블라리아속; globe daisy]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└·Veronica [눈꼬리풀속; speedwell, bird's eye, gypsyweed]: Faithfulness, solidity, chastity

•Plantago [질경이속; plantains, fleaworts]: pure and elegant love

└·Plantago major [broadleaf plantain, white man's foot, greater plantain, common plantain]

└-·Plantago major for. yezomaritima [갯질경이]

•Plantain lily [Fragrant plantain, 옥잠화; (Genus) Hosta]: Oblivion of love, simplicity, recollection, loneliness, solitude; wait, resentment, inconvenience, sorriness, aplomb, tranquillity, silentness, placidity | 03/13

•Platanthera [butterfly orchids, fringed orchids]

└·Platanthera japonica [East Asian platanthera, 갈매기난초]: Elevated mind, noble-mindedness

└·Platanthera ophrydioides [cloud Asian platanthera, 구름제비란]: Life in seclusion

•Platanus: Genius; rest, reconciliation | 12/23

└·Platanus acerifolia [단풍버즘나무]

└·Platanus occidentalis [sycamores, 양버즘나무]

└·Platanus orientalis [버즘나무]

•Platycerium [staghorn fern, elkhorns, 박쥐란, 플라티케리움]: Subtlety, oddness

Plum blossom  Beauty and longevity

•Platycodon [도라지속]: kind and warm; elegance, warm affection, hope, undying love, unchanging love, faithfulness, docility

└·Platycodon grandiflorus [balloon flower, bellflower, Chinese bellflower, platycodon, 도라지] 

•Plum blossom [prunus mume; 매화, 매실나무]: Beauty and longevity; high character, elegance, noble-mindedness, elevated mind, faithfulness, patience, serene mind; spring, rejuvenation; integrity, fidelity, loftiness, purity, endurance, elegant beauty, chastity | 10/24, 12/27

Plumeria  Perfection, springtime, new beginnings

•Poa [포아, 포아풀속; meadow-grass, bluegrass, tussock, speargrass]: a matter-of-fact person, practical person; persistent, patience, tenacity

└·Poa acroleuca [실포아풀]

└-·Poa acroleuca var. submoniliformis [마디포아풀]

└·Poa sphondylodes [포아풀]

•Poaceae [포아케아이, Gramineae, 벼과, 화본과, 禾本科; grasses]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Bambusoideae [대나무아과; bamboo, 대나무, 竹]: Patience, endurance, creation, chastity, fidelity; winter, integrity, constancy, upright

└-·Bambusa [대나무속; bamboo, 대나무, 竹]

└·Pooideae [포오이데아이, 포아풀아과; cool-season grasses]

└-·Alopecurus [뚝새풀속; foxtail, foxtail grass]: a good frame of mind 

└-·Lagurus [라그라스속]: I appreciate your kindness, Thank you for your kindness

└-·Poa [포아, 포아풀속; meadow-grass, bluegrass, tussock, speargrass]: a matter-of-fact person, practical person; persistent, patience, tenacity

•Pogostemon [물꼬리풀속]: achievement, accomplishment

└·Pogostemon stellatus [syn. Dysophylla stellate, Dysophylla verticillata; 물꼬리풀]: achievement, accomplishment

•Poinsettia [포인세티아; Euphorbia pulcherrima]: Happiness, reminiscence, congratulation; blessing, sacrifice, charity; good cheer, success | 12/25

•Poison hemlock [독미나리; (Species) Conium maculatum]: No regret for death | 03/15

•Polemoniaceae [폴레모니아케아이, 꽃고비과]

└·Cobaea [코베아속]: change, alteration

•Polemonium [꽃고비속; Jacob's ladder]

└·Polemonium caeruleum [Racemose Jacob's ladder, Jacob's ladder, Greek valerian, 꽃고비]: Waiting, please come back | 04/11

•Polianthes

└·Polianthes tuberosa [tuberose, 월하향, 月下香, 튜베로즈]: Dangerous pleasure, dangerous relationship

•Pollia [나도생강속; pollia]: Don't forget me, I don't want to be forgotten.

└·Pollia japonica [East Asian pollia, 나도생강]

•Polygala [원지속; milkworts, snakeroots]: grand, lofty, far-reaching program, ambitious plan

└·Polygala sibirica [Asian milkwort, 두메애기풀]: recluse, hermit

└·Polygala tenuifolia [원지]

•Polygalaceae [폴리갈라케아이, 원지과, 遠志科; milkwort family]

└·Polygala [원지속; milkworts, snakeroots]: grand, lofty, far-reaching program, ambitious plan

•Polygonaceae [마디풀과; buckwheat family, knotweed family, smartweed]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Fagopyrum [메밀속]: lovers, commitment of love

└·Persicaria [여뀌속; knotweeds, smartweeds]: the end of the study, graduation

└·Polygonum [마디풀속; bistort, knotweed, knotgrass, mile-a-minute, tearthumb]: do not sit on me

•Polygonatum [둥굴레속; King Solomon's-seal, Solomon’s seal]: dignified service

└·Polygonatum odoratum [syn. Polygonatum officinale; angular Solomon's seal, scented Solomon's seal]

└-·Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum (Miq.) Ohwi [lesser solomon’s seal, 둥굴레]

•Polygonum [마디풀속; bistort, knotweed, knotgrass, mile-a-minute, tearthumb]: do not sit on me

└·Polygonum aviculare [knotweed, common knotgrass, prostrate knotweed, birdweed, pigweed, lowgrass, 마디풀]

•Polypodiaceae [고란초과; Polypody family]

└·Selliguea [syn. Crypsinus, 고란초속]: Don't give up

└-·Selliguea hastata [syn. Crypsinus hastatus; spear-leaf selliquea fern, 고란초, 皐蘭草]

•Ponerorchis [synm. Neottianthe, 구름병아리난초속; Neottianthe orchid]: Pure love

└·Ponerorchis cucullata [syn. Neottianthe cucullata; Cucullate neottianthe orchid, 구름병아리난초]

•Poppy (general) [Papaver, 양귀비]: Moral integrity; eternal sleep, oblivion, imagination; sweetness | Florescence: May~June | [US] August 

└·By Color

└-·Poppy (purple) [양귀비 (자주)]: Vanity

└-·Poppy (red) [양귀비 (빨강)]: Pleasure, sacrifice, remembrance; comfort | 08/01 

└-·Poppy (scarlet) [양귀비 (진홍)]: Extravagance, illusion, fantasy

└-·Poppy (white) [양귀비 (하양)]: Consolation, dream, modernity, peace;oblivion | 07/03 

└-·Poppy (yellow) [양귀비 (노랑)]: Wealth, success 

└·By Genus

└-·Papaver [양귀비속, poppy]

└-·Eschscholzia [금영화속]

└--·Eschscholzia californica [California poppy, golden poppy, California sunlight, cup of gold]

└-·Meconopsis 

└--·Meconopsis cambrica [Welsh poppy]

└--·Meconopsis napaulensis [Nepal poppy, satin poppy]

└-·Stylophorum [celandine poppy]

└-·Argemone [prickly poppy]

└-·Romneya [matilija poppy and relatives]

└-·Canbya [pygmy poppy]

└-·Stylomecon [wind poppy]

└-·Arctomecon [desert bearpaw poppy]

└-·Hunnemannia [tulip poppy]

└-·Dendromecon [tree poppy]

•Poplar [포플러; Populus]: Anguish, grief

•Populus [사시나무속; poplar, aspen, cottonwood, 포플러]: anguish, grief; time, hour

└·Populus davidiana [Korean aspen, 사시나무]: anguish, grief; time, hour

└·Populus deltoides [cottonwood, eastern cottonwood, necklace poplar, 미루나무]: honor, glory

└·Populus nigra [black poplar, 검은 포플라, 흑양, 흑양나무]: courage | 01/28

•Portulaca [쇠비름속]

└·Portulaca grandiflora [rose moss, moss rose, 채송화, 菜松花]: Delicate, fragile bueaty, naive, innocence, naivety | 07/18, 10/16

•Portulacaceae [포르툴라카케아이, 쇠비름과]

└·Lewisia [레위시아속, 레비시아속]: angel's tears; cure, heal [→ Montiaceae (몬티아과)]

•Pot Marigold [금잔화, 금전화, 금송화, 옥동동화, Calendula]: 실망, 비탄, 비애

•Potentilla [양지꽃속; cinquefoils]: loveliness, lovability, lovableness

└·Potentilla supina [개소시랑개비]: spring, loveliness

└·Potentilla dickinsii [Korean cinquefoil, 돌양지꽃]: loveliness, lovability, lovableness, longing, saudade, keys to happiness

•Pereskioideae [나무선인장아과]: Warm heart, passion, respect, burning heart, reckless love

└·Pereskia [나뭇잎선인장속]

•Primrose [프림로즈, 앵초, 취화란, (Genus) Primula]: Modesty, distinction, virtue; inconsistency; eternal love, I can't live without you; early youth, young love, childhood grief; hope, key to happiness, prosperity; natural beauty | Florescence: April~July; purple-red | [US] February | 02/01, 02/04, 03/26, 04/28, 05/18 

└·Red primrose: Natural beauty, incomparable beauty | 02/04, 04/28 

└·White primrose: First love, keys to happiness, pitiableness | 03/26

•Primula [프리뮬라, primrose, 프림로즈, 앵초, 취화란]: Modesty, distinction, virtue; inconsistency; eternal love, I can't live without you; early youth, young love, childhood grief; hope, key to happiness, prosperity; natural beauty | Florescence: April~July; purple-red | [US] February | 02/01, 02/04, 03/26, 04/28, 05/18 

└·Primula elatior [Oxlip, true oxlip, 옥슬립]: First love | 05/18 

└·Primula veris [Cowslip, common cowslip, cowslip primrose, 카우슬립, 황화구륜초, 黃花九輪草]: Grief of youth, divine beauty | 05/01

•Primulaceae [앵초과; primrose family]

└·Anagallis [pimpernel; 뚜껑별꽃속]: abstraction; reminiscences, recollection

└·Androsace [봄맞이꽃속; rock jasmine, fairy candelabras]: to prepare for spring, murmur of spring, voices of spring

Protea  Courage

•Proteaceae [프로테아과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Prunella [꿀풀속; shelf-heals, heal-all, allheal]: Memory, recollection; cure, heal

└·Prunella vulgaris [lilac self-heal, common self-heal, heal-all, woundwort, heart-of-the-earth, carpenter's herb, brownwort, blue curls, 꿀풀, 가지골나물, 하고초, 夏枯草, 연밀, 燕蜜]

•Prunus [살구속, 벚나무속]: good education, sophistication, transience of life, gentleness, beautiful mind, tender heart; stunner, beauty; binding, lie; spring, purity, virgin (in the Occident); flower, virginal beauty, fruit, fruit of heaven (in Christianity); kindness, riches, prosperity (in Japan); feminine beauty (in China) | 04/09 

└·Prunus armeniaca [apricot, 살구(나무), 杏子; Prunus armeniaca]: Lady's shyness, virgin's bashfulness; doubt | Florescence: April; orange | 02/23, 10/02

└·Prunus donarium Sieb [donarium cherry, 겹벚꽃, 겹벚꽃나무, 겹벚나무]: Silence, graceful, gracefulness, woman of peerless beauty | 05/09

└·Prunus dulcis [almond, 아몬드; Prunus amygdalus]: Promise, true love, imperishable love; expectation, hope; chastity, richness; (France) happy marriage | Florescence: April~May; pale pink, white | 03/14, 04/01

└·Prunus maackii [Amur choke cherry, Amur chokecherry, Manchurian cherry, 개벚지나무]: Country girl

└·Prunus mandshurica [Manchurian apricot, Scout apricot, Manchurian cherry, 개살구나무]: Independence

└·Prunus mume [plum blossom, 매화, 매실나무]: beauty and longevity; high character, elegance, noble-mindedness, elevated mind, faithfulness, patience, serene mind; spring, rejuvenation; integrity, fidelity, loftiness, purity, endurance, elegant beauty, chastity | 10/24, 12/27

└·Prunus padus [bird cherry, hackberry, hagberry, Mayday tree, 귀룽나무]: meditation, contemplation; ghastly pale look, Mayday, SOS

└·Prunus persica [peach blossom, 복숭아꽃]: Long-life, generosity, bridal hope; slave of love, captive of love; charm, temptation, forgiveness, hope; (China) longevity; good luck, wealth

└·Prunus serrulata [cherry blossom, 벚나무]: good education, sophistication, transience of life, gentleness, beautiful mind, tender heart; stunner, beauty; binding, lie; spring, purity, virgin (in the Occident); flower, virginal beauty, fruit, fruit of heaven (in Christianity); kindness, riches, prosperity (in Japan); feminine beauty (in China) | 04/09

•Pseudocydonia [모과나무속]: commonness; freak, prematurity; passion; temptation, lure, only love

└·Pseudocydonia sinensis [syn. Chaenomeles sinensis; Chinese quince, 모과나무]: commonness; freak, prematurity; passion; temptation, lure, only love | 02/02

•Pseudognaphalium [프세우도그나팔리움, 떡쑥속; cudweeds, rabbit tobacco]: truth, truthful ideas; I love only you; child's shyness

└·Pseudognaphalium affine [↔ Gnaphalium affine; Jersey cudweed, 떡쑥]

•Pseudostellaria [개별꽃속]

└·Pseudostellaria heterophylla [heterophylly false-starwort, false starwort, 개별꽃]: Dearness

└·Pseudostellaria sylvatica [narrow-leaf false-starwort, 가는잎개별꽃]: Prettiness, dearness

•Pteridium [고사리속; bracken]: Miracle, temptation

└·Pteridium aquilinum [Eastern brakenfern, 고사리]

•Pteridophyta [fern, 양치(식물), 羊齒(植物)]: Loveliness, faithfulness, trust; mystery, spell, fancy, precognitive dreams | 02/05, 11/23, 12/07

•Pueraria [칡속]: sigh of love

└·Pueraria montana [kudzu, kudzu vine, クズ, 野葛, 칡]

└-·Pueraria montana var. lobata [syn. Pueraria lobata, syn. Pueraria thunbergiana; East Asian arrowroot, arrow-root, 칡]

•Pulsatilla [할미꽃속]: respect, reverence, fidelity, loyalty, painful reminiscence, sad memory, sorrow, sadness

└·Pulsatilla koreana [할미꽃]

└·Pulsatilla tongkangensis [Donggang pasque-flower, 동강할미꽃]: painful reminiscence, sad memory

•Punica

└·Punica granatum [pomagranate, 석류(나무), 石榴]: Beauty to be fully matured, smooth mellowness, zenith of prosperity; fecundity, abundance; empty-headedness | 08/07, 12/28

•Pyrola [노루발속; wintergreen]: Girl's prayer; (KR) return the favor

└·Pyrola japonica [East Asian wintergreen; 노루발]

•Pyrolaceae [노루발과; Shinleaf family] → Ericaceae [진달래과; heath, heather family]

└·Chimaphila [매화노루발속; Prince’s pine, Wintergreen]: girl's prayer

└·Pyrola [노루발속; wintergreen]: Girl's prayer; (KR) return the favor

•Pyrus [배나무속; pear, 배]: lasting friendship, love; affection, gentle affection, comfort, merriment, illusion fantasy | [UK, US] July | 04/20

└·Pyrus pyrifolia [Korean pear, Asian pear, apple pear, zodiac pear, sand pear, 돌배나무]: to keep a stiff upper lip, to put up with

└·Pyrus uyematsuana [field Ussuri pear, 들배나무]: mild, gentle

[Q]

•Quamoclit [유홍초속]: lovely forever [→ Ipomoea (나팔꽃속)]

└·Quamoclit coccinea [syn. Ipomoea coccinea; red morning glory, redstar, Mexican morning glory, 둥근잎유홍초]

└·Quamoclit pennata [syn. Ipomoea quamoclit; cypress vine, cypressvine morning glory, cardinal creeper, cardinal vine, star glory, hummingbird vine, 유홍초]

•Quercus [참나무속; oak, 참나무]: prosperity

└·Quercus acutissima [sawtooth oak, 상수리나무]: prosperity

└·Quercus dentata [oak, oak tree, Korean oak, daimyo oak, 떡갈나무]: sociability; fairness, fortitude and vigor, love is forever

└·Quercus myrsinifolia [bamboo-leaf oak, myrsinaleaf oak, 가시나무]: patience

•Quince [모과, 木瓜, 木果]: Commonness; freak, prematurity; passion | 02/02

└·Chaenomeles

└-·Chaenomeles cathayensis

└-·Chaenomeles japonica [Maule's quince, Japanese quince]

└-·Chaenomeles sinensis [→ Pseudocydonia sinensis; Chinese quince]

└-·Chaenomeles speciosa [Chaenomeles laganaria, Cydonia lagenaria, Cydonia speciosa, Pyrus japonica; Chinese flowering quince]

└·Cydonia[마르멜로속; quince]: temptation

└-·Cydonia oblonga [marmelo, quince, 마르멜로]: temptation, lure, allurement, enticement, seductiontemtation | 09/14

└·Pseudocydonia

└-·Pseudocydonia sinensis [← Chaenomeles sinensis; Chinese quince, 모과, 木瓜, 木果]

└·Aegle

└-·Aegle marmelos [bael, golden apple, Japanese bitter orange, stone apple, wood apple, Bengal quince]

[R]

•Rafflesia [라플레시아속]: grand beauty, purity, pure

└·Rafflesia arnoldii [corpse lily, 라플레시아]

•Rafflesiaceae [라플레시아과]

└·Rafflesia [라플레시아속]: grand beauty, purity, pure

•Rainflower  I love you back, I must atone for my sins, I will never forget you

•Ramaria [싸리버섯속]

└·Ramaria aurea [황금싸리버섯]: Modesty, humbleness | 11/15

•Ranunculaceae [라눙쿨라케아이, 미나리아재비과; buttercup, crowfoot family]

└·Aconitum [투구꽃속, 바꽃속; aconite, monkshood, wolf's bane, leopard's bane, mousebane, women's bane, devil's helmet, queen of poisons, blue rocket]: Shining beautifully; misanthropy; opening night; Don't touch me

└·Anemone [바람꽃속; anemone, wind flower, 아네모네]: forsaken, loneliness, sickness (negative), futile love, hopeless love, agony of love, abandonment, betrayal; wait; anticipation, undying love, expectation; poetry; Thank you for standing by my side, I'm ready to sacrifice everything for your love, I will love you forever, I love you even if you don't love me 

└·Aquilegia [매발톱속; granny's bonnet, columbine]: vow of victory

└·Callianthemum [매화바람꽃속]: short-lived love, love in vain, wait

└·Caltha [동의나물속; marsh marigold]: destined for happiness

└·Clematis [으아리속; clematis, traveller's joy]: beauty of mind, beautiful mind, noble-mindedness | 09/12

└·Consolida [콘솔리다속; larkspur]: justice, freedom, liberty

└·Delphinium [델피니움속, 제비고깔속; larkspur, 델피니움, 제비고깔]: levity, lightness; fun, joy, joyfulness, fickleness, sweetness, big-heartedness, ardent attachment; Why do you hate me?, Please understand me | [UK, US] July 

└·Eranthis [너도바람꽃속; eranthis, winter aconite]: The agony of love, the secret of love

└·Hepatica [노루귀속; hepatica, liverleaf, liverwort]: Patience, endurance, belief, trust, faith; consolation, comfort; purity

└·Isopyrum [만주바람꽃속]: short-lived love

└·Megaleranthis [모데미풀속]: miss, sorriness, inconvenience, regret, painful reminiscence, sad memory

└·Paeonia [peony, paeony]: shyness, bashfulness, shame; wealth, honor, abundance, opulence; anger, rage; cheerfulness, friendship; dignity of prince, happy marriage; (CN) prosperity, prosper; (JP) masculinity, bravery, valor [→ Paeoniaceae(작약과)]

└·Pulsatilla [할미꽃속]: respect, reverence, fidelity, loyalty, painful reminiscence, sad memory, sorrow, sadness

└·Ranunculus [미나리아재비속; buttercups, spearworts, water crowfoots, crowfoot, 미나리아재비, 라넌큘러스]: Riches; charm, fascination; criticism, criticize; innocence; beautiful personality | Florescence: April~July | 01/20, 02/18, 03/02, 05/02

•Ranunculus [미나리아재비속; buttercups, spearworts, water crowfoots, crowfoot, 미나리아재비, 라넌큘러스]: Riches; charm, fascination; criticism, criticize; innocence; beautiful personality | Florescence: April~July | 01/20, 02/18, 03/02, 05/02

└·Ranunculus asiaticus [Persian buttercup; 라넌큘러스]

└·Ranunculus borealis [구름미나리아재비]

└·Ranunculus crucilobus var. glabratus [바위미나리아재비]

└·Ranunculus franchetii [왜미나리아재비]

└·Ranunculus gmelini [물미나리아재비]

└·Ranunculus japonicus [미나리아재비]

└·Ranunculus kazusensis [Korean water crowfoot, 매화마름]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

└·Ranunculus pedatifidus [surefoot buttercup, northern buttercup, birdfoot buttercup, 열엽모간]: Until we meet again | 07/08 

└·Ranunculus pygmacus for. prostratus [누운미나리아재비]

└·Ranunculus repens [가는미나리아재비]

└·Ranunculus ternatus [catclaw buttercup, 개구리갓]: Innocence, artlessness

•Raphanus [무속]: abundance of nature each season provides

└·Raphanus raphanistrum [wild radish, white charlock, jointed charlock]

└-·Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus [syn. Raphanus sativus; radish, 무]: abundance of nature each season provides

└·Raphanus sativus [syn. Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus; radish, 무]: abundance of nature each season provides

•Raspberry [라즈베리; Rubus, 산딸기속]: affection | 03/04

•개양귀비 [red poppy, corn poppy, field poppy]: 약한 사랑, 덧없는 사랑

• Reed [갈대]: Deep affections; kindness, faith, belief, sagacity, power | 12/08

└·Poaceae [grass family, 화본과, 벼과]

└-·Phragmites [갈대속]

└--·Phragmites australis [common reed, 갈대]

└-·Arundo [왕갈대속; Old World canes]

└--·Arundo donax [giant cane, giant reed, carrizo, arundo, Spanish cane, Colorado river reed, wild cane, 물대]

└-·Neyraudia

└--·Neyraudia reynaudiana [Burma reed]

└-·Phalaris

└--·Phalaris arundinacea [reed canary-grass]

└-·Glyceria

└--·Glyceria maxima [reed sweet-grass]

└-·Calamagrostis [small-reed, reed grass, smallweed]

└·Cyperaceae [sedge family, 사초과]

└-·Cyperus

└--·Cyperus papyrus [paper reed, papyrus, 파피루스]

└--·Cyperus exaltatus [great water rush, 왕골, 莞草]

└·Typhaceae [부들과]

└-·Sparganium [bur-reed]

└-·Typha [reed-mace; (British) bulrush, wild corndog; (American) reed, cattail, swamp sausage, punks]

└--·Typha orientalis [bulrush, bullrush, cumbungi, 부들]

└·Restionaceae [레스티오과]

└-·Elegia

└--·Elegia tectorum [Cape thatching reed]

└-·Thamnochortus

└--·Thamnochortus insignis [Thatching reed]

└· Acoraceae

└-·Acorus 

└--·Acorus calamus [sweet flag, calamus, wetland reed]

•Reseda [레제다속; mignonette]: attraction; cure, healing

└·Reseda odorata [레제다 오도라타; garden mignonette, common mignonett]: attraction; cure, healing | 06/12

•Resedaceae [레제다과, 레세다과]

└·Reseda [레제다속; mignonette]: attraction; cure, healing

•노송나무 [편백, 扁柏,  retinispora, sun tree, fire tree]: 불멸, 불사, 굳셈; 기도

•Rhamnaceae [갈매나무과; buckthorn family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Berchemia [망개나무속]: fun, mischief; full of vitality

└·Zizyphus [대추나무속]: first meeting; richness, abundance, fecundity

•Rhaphiolepis [다정큼나무속; hawthorn, rhodotypos]: Closeness, intimacy

└·Rhaphiolepis indica [Indian hawthorn, India hawthorn, Hong Kong hawthorn]

└-·Rhaphiolepis indica var. umbellata (Thunb.) H.Ohashi [whole-leaf Indian hawthorn, 다정큼나무] 

•Rhapis [lady palms]: Victory, good fortune | 10/05

└·Rhapis excelsa [broadleaf lady palm, bamboo palm, 관음죽, 觀音竹]

└·Rhapis flabelliformis [관음죽, 觀音竹]

└·Rhapis humilis [lady palm, 종려죽, 棕櫚竹]

•Rhodanthe [로단테속; sunray, pink paper daisy]: remain permanently, everlasting, timeless, eternal love

└·Rhodanthe manglesii [syn. Helipterum manglesii; rhodanthe, pink sunray, silver bells, Australian strawflower, timeless rose, Mangles everlasting, 로단테]: [← Helipterum] 

•Rhodanthemum [syn. Chrysanthemopsis, Pyrethropsis, 로단테뭄속; Moroccan daisy]: chastity, fidelity

└·Rhodanthemum gayanum [춘절국화]

└·Rhodanthemum hosmariense [Moroccan daisy, 모로코데이지]: chastity, fidelity

•Rhododendron [진달래속]: exhilaration of love, joy of love, moderation, upright; vitality, homesickness, shy bride, spring girl, unworldliness | 08/08

└·Rhododendron brachycarpum [short-fruit rosebay, 만병초]: dignity, majesty, augustness; cure, heal, curing all disease, remedy for all ills

└·Rhododendron indicum [azalea, 영산홍, 映山紅]: First love

└·Rhododendron micranthum [spike rosebay, 꼬리진달래, 照山白]: Joy of love, happiness of being in love

└·Rhododendron mucronulatum [Korean rosebay, azalea, 진달래, 참꽃]: exhilaration of love, joy of love, moderation, upright; vitality, homesickness, shy bride, spring girl, unworldliness | 08/08

└·Rhododendron schlippenbachii [royal azalea, 철쭉]: Refrainment, joy of love

•Rhodohypoxis [로도히폭시스속]: one´s first start in life

└·Rhodohypoxis baurii [red star, rosy posy, 로도히폭시스]

•Rhodomyrtus [도금양속; myrtle, 銀梅花, 桃金孃]: love, Sweet nothings, whispers of love; celebration; immortality, revival | Florescence: June; purple-red | 02/09

└·Rhodomyrtus tomentosa [rose myrtle, 도금양]

•Rhus [붉나무속; sumac, sumach, sumaq]: Religious belief | 11/27

└·Rhus chinensis [Chinese sumac, nutgall tree, 붉나무]

└·Rhus javanica [syc. Brucea javanica; Japanese sumac, 붉나무, 아담자]

└·Rhus radicans [Toxicodendron radicans; eastern poison ivy, poison ivy]

└·Rhus trichocarpa [Toxicodendron trichocarpum; bristly fruit sumac, bristly-fruit lacquer tree, 개옻나무]: Wisdom | 11/25

└·Rhus verniciflua [Toxicodendron vernicifluum; Chinese lacquer tree, 옻나무]: Wisdom | 11/25

•Ribes [currant, 까치밥나무속]: expectation; abundance, hidden love; truth, cheerfulness | 07/07

└·Ribes grossularia [syn. Ribes uva-crispa; gooseberry, wild gooseberry, European gooseberry, English gooseberry, 구스베리, 구즈베리]

└·Ribes horridum [thorny currant, 까막바늘까치밥나무]

└·Ribes mandshuricum [currant, 까치밥나무]

└·Ribes maximowiczianum [common Korean currant, 명자순]

└·Ribes ussuriense [Korean black currant, 까막까치밥나무]

•Ribbongrass [gardener's-garters, lady's-laces, painted grass, reed canary grass; (Species) Phalaris arundinacea]: Tenacity | Florescence: June; Green | 02/13

•Robinia [아까시나무속; locusts]

└·Robinia hispida [bristly locust, rose-acacia, moss locust, 꽃아까시나무, 붉은아까시나무]: Dignity

└·Robinia pseudoacacia [black locust, false acacia]: Dignity; secret love, hidden love

•Rockrose [rock rose]

└·Cistaceae [반일화과; rock rose family]

└-·Cistus [시스투스속]: Popularity | 08/09

└-·Halimium [할리미움속]

└-·Helianthemum [헬리안테뭄속]

└--·Helianthemum nummularium [common rock-rose]

└-·Tuberaria [투베라리아속]

└·Malvaceae [아욱과]

└-·Pavonia

└--·Pavonia lasiopetala [Texas swamp-mallow, Wright pavonia, rock rose]

└·Montiaceae [몬티아과]

└-·Phemeranthus [fameflower, fame flower, rock rose, rock pink, sand pink]

└·Portulacaceae [쇠비름과]

└-·Portulaca [쇠비름속]

└--·Portulaca grandiflora [rose moss, ten o'clock, Mexican rose, moss rose, Vietnam Rose, sun rose, rock rose, moss-rose purslane]

•Rodgersia [도깨비부채속]: happiness, bliss, joy, pleasure, enjoyment

└·Rodgersia podophylla [Rodger’s bronze leaf, 도깨비부채]

•Rohdea [만년청속]: inheritance; mother's instinctive love

└·Rohdea japonica [East Asian lily, sacred lily, East Asian sacred lily, 만년청] 

•Rosa [장미속; rose]: Love, affection, happy love, pure love, return to happiness; humility, chastity, sweetness; gratitude, appreciation | Florescence: May~September | [GB, US] June | 02/14 (Valentine Day)

└·By Species

└-·Rosa acicularis [wild rose]

└-·Rosa arkansana [wild prairie rose]

└-·Rosa canina [wild rose, dog rose]

└-·Rosa foetida [Austrian briar, Persian yellow rose, Austrian copper rose, 포에티다 장미, 오스트리아 들장미]: Adorablility, charming | 07/15

└-·Rosa moschata [musk rose, 사향장미, 麝香薔薇]: Whimsical love, capricious love | 02/25

└-·Rosa multiflora [baby brier, wild rosebush, Japanese rose, 찔레나무]: Solitude, cautious love, longing for family, to be careful

└-·Rosa rubiginosa [sweet briar, sweetbriar rose, sweet brier, eglantine, 해당화]: To follow somebody's lead; mildness, in a beauty's sleep, love, simplicity | 10/29

└-·Rosa rugosa [rugosa rose, beach rose, Japanese rose, Ramanas rose, letchberry, 해당화]: To follow somebody's lead; mildness, in a beauty's sleep, love, simplicity | 10/29

└-·Rosa virginiana [Virginia rose, common wild rose, prairie rose]

└-·Rosa woodsii [wild rose]

└-·Rosa × alba

└--·Rosa 'Great Maiden's Blush' [Cuisse de Nymphe, Incarnata, Maiden's Blush, Loyalist]: Only you know my heart | 06/01

└-·Rosa × damascena [다마스크장미, Damask rose, rose of Castile]: Beautifully shining face | 06/04

•Rosaceae [장미과, 薔薇科; rose family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Agrimonia [짚신나물속; agrimony]: thankfulness, gratitude, appreciation, repaying a kindness | 08/21

└·Alchemilla [알케밀라속; lady's mantle]: light, gleam, selfless love, devoted love, first love

└·Aruncus [눈개승마속]: Goat beard, goatee

└·Chaenomeles [명자나무속; flowering quince]: discrimination, discriminate, distinction, differentiation; commonness, commonplaceness, neat and proper, clean, early maturity, premature growth, modesty, humility, naive, pure

└·Cydonia [마르멜로속; quince]: temptation

└·Dryas [담자리꽃나무속; mountain-avens]: Keep watch on love, Do not take your eyes off your love; woman's heart, woman's feelings, female spirit

└·Fragaria [딸기속; strawberry]: foresight, domestic happiness; respect and affection, love and respect; friendship, fraternity | 05/04, 05/07 

└·Malus [사과나무속]: Temptation, fame, wisdom, success, honor, glory

└·Potentilla [양지꽃속; cinquefoils]: loveliness, lovability, lovableness

└·Prunus [살구속, 벚나무속]: good education, sophistication, transience of life, gentleness, beautiful mind, tender heart; stunner, beauty; binding, lie; spring, purity, virgin (in the Occident); flower, virginal beauty, fruit, fruit of heaven (in Christianity); kindness, riches, prosperity (in Japan); feminine beauty (in China) | 04/09 

└·Pseudocydonia [모과나무속]: commonness; freak, prematurity; passion; temptation, lure, only love

└·Pyrus [배나무속]: lasting friendship, love; affection, gentle affection, comfort, merriment, illusion fantasy | [UK, US] July | 04/20

└·Rhaphiolepis [다정큼나무속; hawthorn, rhodotypos]: Closeness, intimacy

└·Rosa [장미속; rose]: Love, affection, happy love, pure love, return to happiness; humility, chastity, sweetness; gratitude, appreciation | Florescence: May~September | [GB, US] June | 02/14 (Valentine Day)

└·Rubus [산딸기속; raspberry, blackberries, dewberries, 라즈베리]: affection | 03/04

└·Sorbus [마가목속; rowans, mountain ashes]: mind without laziness; carefulness, prudence, sophrosyne, literacy, mercy

└·Spiraea [조팝나무속; spirea]: Effort, endeavor | 08/22

•Rosary vine [string of hearts, 러브체인; Ceropegia woodii]: Strong love

•Rose (general) [장미; (Genus) Rosa]: Love, affection, happy love, pure love, return to happiness; humility, chastity, sweetness; gratitude, appreciation | Florescence: May~September | [GB, US] June | 02/14 (Valentine Day)

└·By Color

└-·Rose (black) [장미 (검정)]: Death, hatred, farewell, rejuvenation, rebirth 

└-·Rose (blue) [장미 (파랑)]: Impossibility, hopeless love ; mystery, attaining the impossible, love at first sight

└-·Rose (burgundy) [장미 (진홍)]: Unconscious beauty 

└-·Rose (coral) [장미 (산호색)]: Desire, passion 

└-·Rose (green) [장미 (녹색)]: Fertility, richness, abundance, bounty

└-·Rose (orange) [장미 (주황)]: Desire, passion 

└-·Rose (pink) [장미 (분홍)]: Grace; avowal of love; indecision 

└--·Rose (dark pink) [장미 (진분홍)]: Gratitude 

└--·Rose (light pink) [장미 (연분홍)]: Desire, passion, joy of life, youth, energy 

└--·Rose (pale pink) [Great Maiden's Blush]: Only you know my heart | 06/01

└-·Rose (red) [장미 (빨강)]: Love, true love, passionate love; beauty, passion, desire, romantic love 

└--·Rosebud (red) [붉은 장미 꽃봉오리]: Pureness, love

└-·Rose (violet) [장미 (보라)]: Love at first sight 

└--·Rose (lavender) [장미 (연보라)]: Love at first sight 

└-·Rose (white) [장미 (하양)]: Silence, innocence, wistfulness, virtue, purity, secrecy, reverence, humility; lovelornness; respect 

└--·Rose (dried white) [장미 (말린 하양)]: Sorrow 

└--·Rosebud (white) [하얀 장미 꽃봉오리]: Girlhood, I will get along with you

└-·Rose (yellow) [장미 (노랑)]: Friendship, jealousy, infidelity, apology, broken heart, intense emotion, undying love, extreme betrayal, beauty 

└-·More than one color

└--·Rose (red and white together) [장미 (적백 혼합)]: United, harmony 

└--·Rose (red and yellow together) [장미 (적황 혼합)]: Joy, happiness, excitement 

└·By Part

└-·Rose (thornless) [장미 (가시없는)]: Love at first sight 

└-·Rose (thorn) [장미 (가시)]: Strictness 

└-·Rose (leaf) [장미 (잎)]: I want something from you

└·By Number

└-·Rose (a piece) [장미 (한송이)]: Simpleness, devotion, love at first sight

└-·Roses (bunch of) [장미 (다발)]: Secret love

└-·Roses (two) [장미 (두송이)]: Mutual love

└-·Roses (three) [장미 (세송이)]: I love you

└-·Roses (six) [장미 (여섯송이)]: I want to be yours, infatuation

└-·Roses (nine) [장미 (아홉송이)]: Eternal love

└-·Roses (ten) [장미 (열송이)]: You are perfect 

└-·Roses (twelve, one dozen) [장미 (열두송이)]: To be mine

└-·Roses (thirteen) [장미 (열세송이)]: Secret admirer, Forever friendship

└-·Roses (fifteen) [장미 (열다섯송이)]: I'm sorry, Please forgive me

└-·Roses (twenty) [장미 (스무송이)]: Sincerity

└-·Roses (twenty-one) [장미 (스물한송이)]: I'm committed to you

└-·Roses (twenty-four, two dozen) [장미 (스물네송이)]: I'm yours, I'm thinking of you every hour of the day

└-·Roses (twenty-five) [장미 (스물다섯송이)]: Congratulations

└-·Rose (thirty-six, three dozen) [장미 (서른여섯송이)]: Remembering romantic moments

└-·Roses (forty) [장미 (마흔송이)]: Genuine love

└-·Rose (fifty) [장미 (쉰송이)]: Unconditional love 

└-·Roses (100) [장미 (백송이)]: Complete devotion

└-·Roses (108) [장미 (백팔송이)]: Will you marry me?

└-·Roses (365) [장미 (365송이)]: I love you every day

└-·Roses (999) [장미 (999송이)]: Eternal and infinite love 

└·Others

└-·Rose (wild) [장미 (들장미)]: Solitude, plain beauty

└-·Rose (mini) [장미 (미니 장미)]: Eternal love

└-·Rose (at a wedding) [장미 (결혼식)]: Happiness

└-·Rose (crown) [장미 (왕관)]: Reward for good behaviour

└·By Species

└-·Rosa moschata [musk rose, 사향장미, 麝香薔薇]: Whimsical love, capricious love | 02/25

└-·Rosa × alba

└--·Rosa 'Great Maiden's Blush' [Cuisse de Nymphe, Incarnata, Maiden's Blush, Loyalist]: Only you know my heart | 06/01

└-·Rosa × damascena [다마스크장미, Damask rose, rose of Castile]: Beautifully shining face | 06/04

•Rose of Sharon [hibiscus, 무궁화, 無窮花; (Species) Hibiscus syriacus]: Rare and delicate beauty, fragile beauty, subtle beauty; politeness, patience | Florescence: July~October | 02/22 

└·Rose of Sharon (flower): Frailty of life 

└·Rose of Sharon (tree): Eternal prosperity

•Rosemary [로즈메리; Rosmarinus officinalis, syn. Salvia rosmarinus]: remembrance, memory, beautiful memory, happy memories, domestic happiness; concentration; integrity, chastity; Please think of me, Resuscitate me with your existence; zenith of love, zenithal love | 09/20

•Rosmarinus [로즈마리누스]: remembrance, memory, beautiful memory, happy memories, domestic happiness; concentration; integrity, chastity; Please think of me, Resuscitate me with your existence; zenith of love, zenithal love [→ Salvia(배암차즈기속)]

└·Rosmarinus officinalis [syn. Salvia rosmarinus; rosemary, 로즈메리]: 09/20

•Rowan [mountain ash, 마가목, 馬牙木, (Genus) Sorbus]: Mind without laziness; carefulness, prudence, sophrosyne, literacy, mercy | Florescence: May~June, White | 01/27

•Royal fern [king fern, flowering fern, 고비; (Genus) Osmund]: Exorcism; travel | 07/25 (Christopher's day)

고무나무 [rubber tree, gum (tree)]: 변함없는 사랑

•Rubiaceae [꼭두서니과] (Madder, bedstraw, coffee family): compathy, beginning of life

•Rubus [산딸기속; raspberry, blackberries, dewberries, 라즈베리]: affection | 03/04

└·Rubus coreanus [bokbunja, Korean blackberry, Korean bramble, raspberry, 복분자딸기]: affection, jealousy; vitality, energy

└·Rubus crataegifolius [Korean raspberry, Asian raspberry, raspberry, wild berry, 산딸기]: affection, love, poignant passionate love

└·Rubus croceacanthus [hooked-thorn raspberry, 검은딸기]: respect, honor, love, affection

└·Rubus hirsutus [yellow-fruit hirsute raspberry, 노란장딸기]: love, affection

└·Rubus hongnoensis [Hongno orange raspberry, 가시딸기]: respect, honor, love, affection, friendship, brotherly love, sisterly love

└·Rubus idaeus [raspberry, red raspberry, European raspberry, 라즈베리]: affection | 03/04

└-·Rubus idaeus var. concolor [나무딸기]

└-·Rubus idaeus var. microphyllus [Asian red raspberry, 멍덕딸기]: respect, honor, love, affection, friendship, fraternity

└·Rubus palmatus [palmate-leaf raspberry, 단풍딸기]: love, affection

└·Rubus parvifolius [trailing raspberry, Korean raspberry, Japanese bramble, Australian raspberry, 멍석딸기]: respect, honor, love, affection, friendship, fraternity

•Rudbeckia [루드베키아속; coneflowers, black-eyed-susans]: justice, righteousness; definition, define; eternal happiness, perpetual bliss

└·Rudbeckia hirta [black-eyed Susan, brown-eyed Susan, brown betty, gloriosa daisy, golden Jerusalem, English bull's eye, poor-land daisy, yellow daisy, yellow ox-eye daisy, 루드베키아]

Rue: Regret, sorrow, repentance

•Rumex [소리쟁이속; docks, sorrel]: friendly affection, affection | Florescence: May~June | 01/17, 10/26, 12/04

└·Rumex acetosa [sorrel, common sorrel, garden sorrel, spinach dock, narrow-leaved dock, 수영]

└·Rumex acetosella [sheep's sorrel, 애기수영]

└·Rumex montanus [montane dock, 멧수영]: love, affection

└·Rumex scutatus [French sorrel, 프랑스수영]

•Rutaceae [루타케아이, 운향과, 芸香科; rue, citrus family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Citrus [감귤속, 귤속, 橘屬]: love, platonic love, purity

└·Zanthoxylum [초피나무속; prickly ash, Hercules club]: mixture, blend, sacrifice; A pupil excels his master

​

[S]

•Saffron [saffron crocus, autumn crocus, 사프란, 번홍화, 藏紅花; Crocus sativus]: Beauty of moderation; delight, old happiness; (Orient) welcome | Florescence: October~November | 01/24, 09/21

•Sagittaria [보풀속; arrowhead, duck potato, katniss, Omodaka, swamp potato, tule potato, wapato, wapatoo]: trust, faith

└·Sagittaria aginashi [보풀]

└·Sagittaria pygmaea [dwarf arrowhead, pygmy arrowhead, 올미]: choice, selection, choices with no regret

└·Sagittaria sagittifolia [arrowhead, 소귀나물]

└·Sagittaria trifolia [threeleaf arrowhead, Chinese arrowhead, 벗풀]: trust, hidden maternal love | 10/22

•Salicaceae [버드나무과; willow family, poplar family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Salix [버드나무속; willows, sallows, osiers]: Honesty; peaceful times, freedom, liberty; change

•Salix [버드나무속; willows, sallows, osiers]: Honesty; peaceful times, freedom, liberty; change

└·Salix babylonica [weeping willow, babylon willow, 수양버들]: Sorrow, grief, mourning, sadness, peace; (Korea) misfortune, voluptuous beauty, affair, wait; (China) travel, parting | 03/12, 04/21

└·Salix chaenomeloides [왕버들]

└·Salix gracilistyla [pussy willow, rose-gold pussy willow, 갯버들]: Kindness, freedom, warm love

└·Salix koreensis [Korean willow, 버드나무]: Honesty; peaceful times, freedom, liberty; change | 09/13

└·Salix matsudana [tortured willow, Chinese willow, 곱슬버들, 용버들, 고수버들, 운용버들, 파마버들, 雲龍柳]: Lighthearted, peaceful times

└·Salix pseudo-lasiogyne [Korea weeping willow, 능수버들, 수양버들, 고려수양, 高麗垂楊]: Wait

•Salvia [배암차즈기속; sage]: family virtue

└·Salvia aristata

└·Salvia officinalis [common sage, garden sage, sage, 세이지]: family virtue | 12/18

└·Salvia rosmarinus [syn. Rosmarinus officinalis; rosemary, 로즈메리]: remembrance, memory, beautiful memory, happy memories, domestic happiness; concentration; integrity, chastity; Please think of me, Resuscitate me with your existence; zenith of love, zenithal love | 09/20

└·Salvia splendens [scarlet sage, tropical sage, salvia, 깨꽃, 약불꽃, 서미초, 鼠尾草, 샐비어, 사르비아]: Good idea, burning idea

•Sambucus [딱총나무속; elder, elderberry]: compassion, sympathy, pity; movements; virginity; enthusiasm | 07/25

└·Sambucus nigra [elder, elderberry, black elder, European elder, European elderberry, European black elderberry, 엘더베리]

└·Sambucus racemosa [red elderberry, red-berried elder]

└·Sambucus sieboldiana [red elder, red-berried elder, East Asian red elder, Northeast Asian red elder, 덧나무, 딱총나무]: enthusiasm | 07/25

└·Sambucus sieboldiana [red elder, red-berried elder, East Asian red elder, 덧나무]: enthusiasm | 07/25

└-·Sambucus sieboldiana var. pendula [Ulleungdo elder, 말오줌나무]: enthusiasm

└·Sambucus williamsii [Northeast Asian red elder, 딱총나무]

└-·Sambucus williamsii var. coreana [Korean elder, 딱총나무]

•Santalaceae [단향과, 檀香科; sandalwood family]

└·Korthalsella [동백나무겨우살이속; korthal mistletoe]: patience, endurance

•Sapindaceae [사핀다케아이, 무환자나무과; soapberry family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Aesculus [칠엽수속; buckeye, horse chestnut]: romance, passion, ardor, luxury, extravagance, plushness

└·Koelreuteria [모감주나무속]: free mind, free-and-easiness, wait 

•Sapindus [무환자나무속; soapberries, soapnuts]: wish, desire

└·Sapindus mukurossi [soapberry, Indian soapberry, washnut, 무환자나무]: wish, desire

•Saponaria [사포나리아속; soapworts]: memory, recollection

└·Saponaria officinalis [soapwort, common soapwort, bouncing-bet, crow soap, wild sweet William, soapweed, 거품장구채]

•Saussurea [취나물속; saw-wort, snow lotus]

└·Saussurea pulchella [maiden saussurea, 각시취]: Feelings, crush; coalition

•Saxifraga [범의귀속; saxifrage, Aaron's Beard, rockfoils, 범의귀]: Earnest affection; secret | Florescence: July~August; white | 02/03, 11/09

└·Saxifraga furumii

└·Saxifraga octopetala [round rockfoil, 구실바위취]: Desperate love

└·Saxifraga stolonifera [creeping saxifrage, strawberry geranium, 바위취]: Love desperately, be desperately in love | 12/06

•Saxifragaceae [범의귀과] 

└·Astilbe [노루오줌속; false goat’s beard, false spirea]: Embarrassment

└·Bergenia [돌부채속; elephant-ear, elephant-eared saxifrage, elephant’s ears]: adaptation, accommodation, patience, endurance

└·Deutzia [말발도리속; Pride-of-Rochester]: charms, winsomeness [→ Hydrangeaceae (수국과)]

└·Mukdenia [돌단풍속; mukdenia]: life force, vital power, hope, wish

└·Rodgersia [도깨비부채속]: happiness, bliss, joy, pleasure, enjoyment

└·Saxifraga [범의귀속; saxifrage, Aaron's Beard, rockfoils, 범의귀]: Earnest affection; secret | Florescence: July~August; white | 02/03, 11/09

•Saxifrage [Aaron's Beard, rockfoils, 범의귀, 범의귀풀; Saxifraga]: Earnest affection; secret | Florescence: July~August; white | 02/03, 11/09

•Scabiosa [체꽃속; scabious, pincushion flowers]: hopeless love

└·Scabiosa prolifera [carmel daisy, 카멜데이지] 

└·Scabiosa mansenensis [체꽃]

•Schlumbergera [syn. Zygocactus, 스클룸베르게라속; crab cactus, Christmas cactus, Thanksgiving cactus, holiday cactus.]: Ardent love

└· Schlumbergera truncata [syn. Zygocactus truncatus; false Christmas cactus, crab cactus, 게발선인장]: Ardent love

•Schmidtiana: Longing for, desire for

└·Artemisia [향쑥속]: Peace

└-·Artemisia schmidtiana [silvermound]

└·Veronica [눈꼬리풀속; speedwell, bird's eye, gypsyweed]

└-·Veronica linariaefolia [speedwell]

└-·Veronica schmidtiana 

•Sciadopitys [금송속, 金松屬]

└·Sciadopitys verticillata [sciadopitys, koyamaki, Japanese umbrella-pine, 금송, 金松]: Protection, preservation

•Scilla [무릇속, 실라속; squill]: Strong self-control | 05/31

└·Scilla scilloides [syn. Barnardia japonica; Chinese squill, 무릇]: strong self-control

•Scopolia [미치광이풀속]

└·Scopolia japonica [Korean scopolia, Japanese belladonna, 미치광이풀]: lunatic, madman; go crazy; reach

•Scorzonera [쇠채속]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

└·Scorzonera albicaulis [쇠채]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

└·Scorzonera austriaca [single-flower serpentroot, 멱쇠채]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

•Scrophulariaceae [현삼과; figwort family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Digitalis [디기탈리스속; foxglove]: Underthought; passionate love, unable to hide my love, splendor, insincerity | 06/13

└·Veronica [눈꼬리풀속; speedwell, bird's eye, gypsyweed]: Faithfulness, solidity, chastity

•Scutellaria [골무꽃속; skullcaps]

└·Scutellaria indica [골무꽃]: Nobility

└·Scutellaria insignis [Gwangneung skullcap, 광릉골무꽃]: Chivalry, heroism

•Securigera [왕관갈퀴나물속]

└·Securigera varia [syc. Coronilla varia; crownvetch, purple crown vetch, 왕관갈퀴나물]: Modesty, humbleness | 11/15

•Sedirea: Patience

└·Sedirea japonica [나도풍란, 대엽풍란]

•Sedum [돌나물속, 세둠속; stonecrops]: a girl's love

└·Sedum bulbiferum [Bulbose stonecrop, 말똥비름]: angst of youth

└·Sedum japonicum [rocky moss-rose stonecrop, 돌채송화]: joy of love

└·Sedum kamtchaticum [orange stonecrop, 기린초, 麒麟草]

└·Sedum sarmentosum [stringy stonecrop, gold moss stonecrop, and graveyard moss, 돌나물]

└·Sedum takesimense [Ulleungdo stonecrop, Dokdo stonecrop, 섬기린초]: 10/25 (Dokdo Day)

•Selaginella 

└·Selaginella rossii [bead selaginella, 구슬사리, 바위비늘이끼, 구실사리]: Modest sagacity

•Selenicereus [달빛선인장속]: The mistress of the night, queen of the night

└·Selenicereus grandiflorus [달빛선인장]

•Selliguea [syn. Crypsinus, 고란초속]: Don't give up

└·Selliguea hastata [syn. Crypsinus hastatus; spear-leaf selliquea fern, 고란초, 皐蘭草]

•Sempervivum [houseleeks, liveforever, 셈페르비붐, 상록바위솔; 상록바위솔속]: forever alive; domestic economy

•Senecio [금방망이속; ragworts, groundsels]

└·Senecio nemorensis [shady groundsels, 금방망이]: Money, rich | Flower: August~September; yellow

•Sengreen [houseleek, rock pine, 바위솔; (Genus) Orostachys]: Diligent housework | Florescence: September~October; white | 02/06

•Sensitive plant [미모사, (Genus) Mimosa]: Sensitivity | Florescence: July~August, red | 01/26

•Setaria [Bristlegrass, Foxtail; 강아지풀속]: Childlike, anger; melancholy, excellent

└·Setaria viridis [foxtail; 강아지풀]

•Sida

└·Sida rhombifolia [arrowleaf sida, rhombus-leaved sida, Paddy's lucerne, jelly leaf, Cuban jute, Queensland-hemp, Indian hemp, 나도공단풀]: Destiny | 10/20

•Silene [끈끈이장구채속, 장구채속; campion, catchfly]: to stick like glue to, close-knit

└·Silene armeria [sweet William catchfly, dwarf catchfly, 끈끈이대나물, 고설륜, 세레네]: happy world, young love, love of youth, trap

└·Silene coronaria [syn. Lychnis coronaria; rose campion, dusty miller, mullein pink, bloody William, lamp-flower, 우단동자꽃]: faithfulness | 08/19

└·Silene firma [장구채]: child's laugh

└·Silene koreana [sticky catchfly; 끈끈이장구채]: to stick like glue to, close-knit

└·Silene latifolia [formerly Melandrium album; white campion, bladder campion, 달맞이장구채]: Children's laugh, childlike laugh

└·Silene myongcheonensis [Myeongcheon catchfly, 명천장구채]: stick like glue to, close-knit; child's laugh

└·Silene stenophylla [narrow-leafed campion]: brilliant wisdom, wit; wait, endurance | 11/08

└·Silene vulgaris [bladder campion]

•Sinningia [신닌기아속]

└·Sinningia speciosa [florist's gloxinia, Brazilian gloxinia, 글록시니아]: Glamor looks, flamboyant figure, desire

•Sisyrinchium [등심붓꽃속; blue-eyed grasses]: good news

└·Sisyrinchium angustifolium [narrow-leaf blue-eyed-grass, 등심붓꽃]

•Smilacaceae [청미래덩굴과 ← Liliaceae(백합과)]

└·Smilax [청미래덩굴속]: fun, mischief

•Smilax [청미래덩굴속]: fun, mischief

└·Smilax china [Chinese catbrier, Chinese smilax, 청미래덩굴]

└·Smilax riparia [greenbrier, catbrier, 밀나물]: fun, mischief; seller, merchant; longevity, long life; commander, general; happy again

•Snapdragon [금어초, 金魚草; Antirrhinum majus]: Desire; talkative person, to obtrude; arrogance, haughtiness, greed | 07/02

•Snowdrop [스노드롭, Galanthus, 갈란투스, 눈풀꽃, 설강화(雪降花)]: Fascination, distinction, love; consolation, hope | Florescence: January~May | [US] January | 01/01, 02/02 (Catholic Candlemas)

•Snowflake: Virgin love, beauty | 12/19

└·Acis

└·Leucojum [스노플레이크속]

•Solanaceae [가지과; nightshade family, egg plant family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Datura [독말풀속; devil's trumpets, moonflowers, jimsonweed, devil's weed, hell's bells, thorn-apple]: Untruth; winsomeness | 10/23

└·Nicotiana [담배속; tobacco plants]: feelings, mood; poison

└·Physalis [꽈리속; ground cherry]: natural beauty; shyness, silent beauty, weakness | 12/29

└·Solanum [가지속]: stability, solace, peace, tranquility, comfort, to soothe

•Solanum [가지속]: truth; stability, solace, peace, tranquility, comfort, to soothe

└·Solanum carolinense [Carolina horsenettle, radical weed, sand brier or briar, bull nettle, tread-softly, Solanum mammosum, apple of Sodom, devil's tomato and wild tomato, 도깨비가지]: incredibleness; unreliability, untrustworthiness; precariousness

└·Solanum dulcamara  [bittersweet, bittersweet nightshade, bitter nightshade, blue bindweed, Amara Dulcis, climbing nightshade, fellenwort, felonwood, poisonberry, poisonflower, scarlet berry, snakeberry, trailing bittersweet, trailing nightshade, violet bloom, woody nightshade, 목배풍등]: unbearable, intolerable, I can't stand

└·Solanum lyratum [lyratum nightshade, 배풍등, 排風藤]: unbearable, intolerable, I can't stand, I can't bear, I can't wait | 07/12

└·Solanum melongena [(US) eggplant, (GB) aubergine, 가지]: truth | 07/20

└·Solanum nigrum [European black nightshade, black nightshade, 까마중]: Childlike, innocence; one in mind

└·Solanum tuberosum [potato, 감자]: You're the boss, I go where you wish

•Soleirolia

└·Soleirolia soleirolii [baby's tears, angel's tears, bits and pieces, bread and cheese, Corsican creeper, Corsican curse, friendship plant, helxine, mind-your-own-business, mother of thousands, paddy's wig, pollyanna vine, Irish moss, 또래기]: angel's tears; cure, heal

•Solidago [미역취속, 메역취속; goldenrod]: courtesy call, courtesy visit; prevention; guard, alert; boundary, border | 08/13

└·Solidago canadensis [Canada goldenrod, Canadian goldenrod, common goldenrod]

└·Solidago serotina [미국미역취]

└·Solidago virgaurea [European goldenrod, woundwort, 미역취]

•Solitary flower [solitary inflorescence, 단정화, 單頂花]: We're not gonna abandon you; solitude

•Solumi [굴거리나무]: 내사랑 나의 품에

•Sophora [syn. Echinosophora, 개느삼속]: Love

└·Sophora koreensis [syn. Echinosophora koreensis; Korean necklace pod, 개느삼]: Innocence, artlessness

•Sorbus [마가목속; rowans, mountain ashes]: mind without laziness; carefulness, prudence, sophrosyne, literacy, mercy

└·Sorbus commixta [mountain ash, silvery mountain ash, Asian rowan, 마가목]: Florescence: May~June, White | 01/27

•Sorrel [rumex, 수영; Rumex acetosa]: Friendly affection, affection | Florescence: May~June | 01/17, 10/26, 12/04

•Spergula [spurry, spurrey, 들개미자리속]: I'm yours

└·Spergula arvensis [corn spurry, 들개미자리]

•Spiraea [조팝나무속; spirea]: Effort, endeavor | 08/22

└·Spiraea cantoniensis [공조팝나무, 석봉자, 고데마리, コデマリ, 小手毬, reeve's spiraea, bridalwreath spirea, double white May, cape May, May bush]

└·Spiraea chartacea [떡조팝나무, 떡잎조팝나무]

└·Spiraea chinensis [Chinese spiraea, 당조팝나무]: A man of decent appearance

└·Spiraea fritschiana [참조팝나무]

└·Spiraea japonica [Japanese meadowsweet, Japanese spiraea, Korean spiraea, 일본조팝나무]

└·Spiraea prunifolia [bridal wreath, 조팝나무]: Fruitless effort, trifle, insignificant matter, child's play, experienced; winsomeness, clear victory; decent love; (China) filial affection | 05/16, 10/13

└·Spiraea salicifolia [bridewort, willowleaf meadowsweet, willow-leaf spiraea, 꼬리조팝나무]: Secret love

└·Spiraea trichocarpa [Korean meadow spiraea, 갈기조팝나무]: Mature experience

•Spruce [가문비나무; Picea jezoensis]: Faithfulness, honesty

•Staghorn fern [elkhorns, 박쥐란, 플라티케리움; (Genus) Platycerium]: Subtlety, oddness

•Staphylea [고추나무속; bladdernuts]

└·Staphylea bumalda [Bumald's bladdernut, Asian bladdernut, 고추나무]: Resentment, sorrow, regret, doubt, suspicion, superstition

•Star of Bethlehem: Atonement, reconciliation; purity | 02/27 

└·Angraecum: With you forever 

└··Angraecum sesquipedale [star of Bethlehem orchid] 

└·Calectasia  

└··Calectasia cyanea [blue tinsel lily; (Family) Dasypogonaceae] 

└·Campanula: Warm love, remain unchanged, tender love, satisfaction, gratitude 

└··Campanula isophylla [Italian bellflower] 

└·Gagea [yellow star-of-Bethlehem; (Genus) Liliaceae] 

└··Gagea bohemica [early star of Bethlehem, radnor lily, Welsh star of Bethlehem; (Family) Liliaceae] 

└··Gagea lutea [yellow star of Bethlehem; (Family) Liliaceae]: Sincerity | Florescence: April~May; yellow 

└·Hippobroma 

└··Hippobroma longiflora [star of Bethlehem; (Family) Campanulaceae] 

└·Ornithogalum [(Genus) Hyacinthaceae] 

└··Ornithogalum arabicum [star-of-Bethlehem] 

└··Ornithogalum narbonense [pyramidal star-of-Bethlehem] 

└··Ornithogalum nutans [drooping star-of-Bethlehem] 

└··Ornithogalum pyrenaicum [spiked star-of-Bethlehem] 

└··Ornithogalum umbellatum [common star-of-Bethlehem]

•Stauntonia [멀꿀속]: charms, winsomeness; joyful days

└·Stauntonia hexaphylla [stauntonia vine, 멀꿀]: charms, winsomeness; joyful days

•Stephanandra [syn. Neillia, 국수나무속]

└·Stephanandra incisa [syn. Neillia incisa; laceshrub, lace shrub, 국수나무]: Maternal love

•Sterculiaceae [벽오동과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Stewartia [Stuartia, 노각나무속]: Solidity, steadiness, justice, righteousness; definition, define; mutual understanding

└·Stewartia pseudocamellia [Korean stewartia, deciduous camellia, 노각나무]

•Stock 

└·Matthiola [맛티올라속; stock, 비단향나무꽃]: Forever beauty; (FR) I will never cheat on you | 05/06, 07/16 

└-·Matthiola incana [stock, hoary stock, tenweeks stock] 

└-·Matthiola longipetala (= Matthiola bicornis) [night-scented stock, evening-scented stock] 

└·Malcolmia [마르코르미아속] 

└-·Malcolmia maritima [Virginia stock, 버지니아스톡]

Straw  United

•Strawberry[딸기; Fragaria]: Foresight, domestic happiness; respect and affection, love and respect; friendship, fraternity | 05/04, 05/07

•Strelitzia [스트렐리치아속; bird of paradise flower, crane flower]: Mystery, eternal life, perennity; man who dolled up for love

└·Strelitzia reginae [bird of paradise flower, crane flower, 극락조화, 極樂鳥花]

•Streptopus [죽대아재비속; twistedstalk]

└·Streptopus ovalis [Geumgang twisted-stalk, 금강죽대아재비, 금강애기나리, 진부애기나리]: Innocence, purity, immaculateness

•Styracaceae [때죽나무과; Styrax family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Styrax [때죽나무속; snowbell, styrax, storax]: modesty, humility

•Styrax [때죽나무속; snowbell, styrax, storax]: modesty, humility

└·Styrax japonicus Siebold & Zucc. [snowbell tree, East Asian snowbell, 때죽나무]

•Suaeda [나문재속; Seepweed, Seablites]: To defend one's homeland; patriotism

└·Suaeda glauca [Asian common seepweed, 나문재]

•Sunflower: Pure and lofty thoughts, adoration, affection and longing, waiting, longing, worship; wish, brilliance, belief, will, faith; pride; false wealth, fake gold coin | 07/06, 08/15

└·Sunflower [Helianthus]

└·Mexican sunflower [Tithonia]: Worship, waiting  

노송나무 [편백, 扁柏,  retinispora, sun tree, fire tree]: 불멸, 불사, 굳셈; 기도

•Sweet alyssum [Lobularia maritima, Alyssum maritimum, sweet alison, alyssum; 스위트알리섬, 향기알리섬]: Striking good looks, stunning beauty | Florescence: April | Florescence: March~October | 01/12

•Sweet pea [스위트피; Lathyrus odoratus]: Love, youth, purity; good-bye; joy of love, blissful pleasure; gratitude; elegant memory, recollection, to remember me; pleasure, pitiableness | [GB, US] April | 06/09

•Sweet William [수염패랭이꽃; Dianthus barbatus]: Smile at me, heroism | 06/10

•Sweetbrier  Simplicity

Sweetbrier, Yellow/들장미 - 식어가는 사랑 

•Swertia [쓴풀속]

└·Swertia diluta [diluted swertia, 개쓴풀]: Perception, awareness; lateness, tardiness

•Symphyotrichum [미국쑥부쟁이속]: longing, wait

└·Symphyotrichum pilosum [syn. Aster pilosus; frost aster, hairy white oldfield aster, 미국쑥부쟁이]: longing, wait

•Symplocaceae [노린재나무과; sweetleaf family] 

└·Symplocos [노린재나무속; sweetleaf]: Agreement, consent

•Symplocos [노린재나무속; sweetleaf]: Agreement, consent

└·Symplocos paniculata [syn. Symplocos chinensis; Asian sweetleaf, Asiatic sweetleaf, sapphire-berry, 노린재나무]

└·Symplocos tanakana [black sweetleaf, 검노린재나무]: Agreement, consent

•Syringa [수수꽃다리속; lilac, 라일락]: beginning of love, inception of love, first love, memory of youth, friendship; remembrance, reminiscence, pleasure, joy, brotherly love, sisterly love | 05/12; Easter

└·Syringa emodi [Himalayan lilac]

└·Syringa oblata [early blooming lilac, broadleaf lilac]

└-·Syringa oblata subsp. dilatata [syn. Syringa dilatata; Korean early lilac, 수수꽃다리]: remembrance, reminiscence, pleasure, joy, brotherly love, sisterly love

└·Syringa persica [Syringa protolaciniata; Persian lilac]

└·Syringa reticulata [Syringa pekinensis; Manchurian lilac, Korean tree lilac, Japanese tree lilac]: memories of youth

└·Syringa vulgaris [common lilac, lilac, 라일락]

└·Syringa wolfii [beautiful wolf’s lilac, 꽃개회나무]: memory, recollection, elegance, grace, dignity, class

[T]

•귤나무 [mandarin tree, tangerine tree]: 친애, 깨끗한 사랑

•Tagetes [타게테스, 천수국속, 千壽菊屬]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

└·Tagetes erecta [Mexican marigold, Aztec marigold, African marigold, 천수국, 千壽菊]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07; [MX] Day of the Dead(Día de los Muertos); [NP] Tihar festival

└·Tagetes lemmonii [Lemmon's marigold, Copper Canyon Daisy, Mountain Marigold, Mexican Marigold]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07; [MX] Day of the Dead(Día de los Muertos)

└·Tagetes lucida [sweetscented marigold, Mexican marigold, Mexican mint marigold, Mexican tarragon, sweet mace, Texas tarragon, pericón, yerbaniz, hierbanís, 멕시코 매리골드]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love | 10/31~11/02; [MX] Day of the Dead(Día de los Muertos)

└·Tagetes minuta [muster John Henry, Southern Cone marigold, Khakibos, stinking roger, wild marigold, black mint, Maxican marigold, 만수국아재비]: I want to be loved

└·Tagetes patula [French Marigold, 만수국, 금송화, 불란서 금잔화, 홍황초, 紅黃草]: warmth, fierceness; elegance, devotion; winning grace, protection, comfort, healing, lovableness; pain and grief; the wrench of parting, poor love; jealousy, malevolence | Florescence: May~August | [GB, US] October | 06/05, 11/07

└-·Tagetes patula 'Nana bolero' [공작초, 나나볼레로]: to be happy always, tidings; pain of love

└·Tagetes tenuifolia [Signet marigold]

•Tamaricaceae [위성류과]: compathy, beginning of life

•Tamarindus [tamarind]: Luxury, extravagance | 08/16

└·Tamarindus indica

•Tanacetum [쑥국화속]

└·Tanacetum vulgare [syn. Tanacetum boreale; tansy, 쑥국화]: Peace | 12/01

•Taraxacum [민들레속; dandelions]: overcoming hardship; oracle; trust; god of love, apostle of love, happiness; indiscretion | 05/03 

└·Taraxacum coreanum [Korean dandelion, 흰민들레] 

└·Taraxacum officinale [common dandelion, 서양민들레] 

└·Taraxacum platycarpum [dandelion, Korean dandelion, 민들레]

•Taxus [yew]: Elegance, grief, death | 09/23

└·Taxus baccata [European yew, common yew]

└·Taxus cuspidata [주목, 朱木, spreading yew, Japanese yew]

•Tetraneuris [테트라네우리스속]: hope, peace; purity, pure heart; innocence; beauty; joviality; love, loyal love, faith, youth; cheer, simplicity

└·Tetraneuris acaulis [angelita daisy, 안젤리타데이지] 

•Teucrium: Respect and affection | 08/14

└·Teucrium canadense [American germander, Canada germander]

└·Teucrium chamaedrys [wall germander]

└·Teucrium japonicum [개곽향]

└·Teucrium veronicoides [곽향, 藿香]

└·Teucrium viscidum [덩굴곽향]

•Thalictrum [꿩의다리속; meadow-rue]: Peace, equability 

└·Thalictrum aquilegifolium [Siberian columbine meadow-rue, columbine meadow-rue, French meadow-rue, greater meadow-rue, 꿩의다리]

└· Thalictrum ichangense [pallid lotus-leaf meadow-rue, 꼭지연잎꿩의다리]: The great beauty of one's personal character, shortlived happiness

└·Thalictrum rochebrunnianum [yellow-filamentous meadow-rue, 금꿩의다리]: Gangling doll, highpockets 

•Theaceae [차나무과]

└·Camellia [동백나무속]: boasting, discretion, perception, prudence, humility; upright, integrity; I love you more than anyone else; noble love, attraction; fecundity; unpretending excellence | 04/29 

•Thistle: Nobility, warning; independence; strictness, austerity, Don’t touch me; loner, sobriety

└·Asteraceae [Compositae, 국화과]

└-·Carduus [musk thistle]

└-·Carlina [carline thistle]

└-·Carthamus [distaff thistle]

└-·Centaurea [star thistle]

└-·Cicerbita [sow thistle]

└-·Cirsium [엉겅퀴속; common thistle, field thistle]

└-·Cnicus [blessed thistle]

└-·Cynara [artichoke, cardoon]

└-·Echinops [globe thistle]

└-·Notobasis [Syrian thistle]

└-·Onopordum [cotton thistle, Scots thistle, Scotch thistle]

└-·Scolymus [golden thistle, oyster thistle]

└-·Silybum [milk thistle]

└-·Sonchus [sow thistle]

└--·Sonchus oleraceus [common sowthistle, sow thistle, smooth sow thistle, annual sow thistle, hare's colwort, hare's thistle, milky tassel, milk thistle, soft thistle, swinies]

└·Amaranthaceae

└-·Kali [Russian thistle, Tartar thistle, tumbleweed]

└·Papaveraceae

└-·Argemone

└--·Argemone mexicana [Mexican poppy, Mexican prickly poppy, flowering thistle, cardo, cardosanto]

•Thlaspi [말냉이속]: I will give everything to you

└·Thlaspi arvense [field pennycress, 말냉이]

•Thorn-apple  Disguise

•Thuja [눈측백속; arborvitaes, thujas, cedars]: Health, fitness

└·Thuja koraiensis [Korean arborvitae, 눈측백]

•Thyme [Thymus]: Thriftiness; courage | 06/18

•Thymus: Thriftiness; courage | 06/18

└·Thymus quinquecostatus [thyme, 百里香, 백리향]

└·Thymus vulgaris [common thyme, 선백리향]

•Tiger flower [Tigridia]: Wealth, pride, prosperity; Please love me

•Tiger lily: Wealth, pride, prosperity; Please love me

└·Lilium catesbaei [Catesby's lily, pine lily, leopard lily, tiger lily, 

southern-red lily]

└·Lilium columbianum [Columbia lily, tiger lily]

└·Lilium henryi [tiger lily, Henry's lily, 湖北百合]

└·Lilium lancifolium [syn. Lilium tigrinum; tiger lily, 참나리]: Pure heart

└·Lilium superbum [Turk's cap lily, turban lily, swamp lily, lily royal, 

American tiger lily]

└·Lilium bulbiferum [orange lily, fire lily, tiger lily]

•Tigridia [peacock flowers, tiger-flowers, shell flowers]: Wealth, pride, 

prosperity; Please love me

•Tilia [피나무속; lime, linden, basswood]: conjugal affection, marriged affection | 07/30, 08/23

└·Tilia americana [American linden, linden tree, lime tree, bass, 피나무]

└·Tilia amurensis [Amur lime, Amur linden, 피나무]

└·Tilia platyphyllos [large-leaved linden]

└·Tilia cordata [little-leaf linden]

└·Tilia tomentosa [silver linden]

└·Tilia × europaea [common lime, common linden, 유럽피나무]

•Tiliaceae [피나무과] (Basswood, linden family): compathy, beginning of life

└·Tilia [피나무속; lime, linden, basswood]: conjugal affection, marriged affection | 07/30, 08/23

•Tithonia [멕시코해바라기속]: worship, waiting

└·Tithonia diversifolia [tree marigold, Mexican tournesol, Mexican sunflower, Japanese sunflower, Nitobe chrysanthemum]: worship, waiting

└·Tithonia rotundifolia [red sunflower, Mexican sunflower, 멕시코해바라기]: worship, waiting

•곱슬버들 [용버들, Tortured willow, ウンリュウヤナギ]: 경쾌, 태평세월

•Toxicodendron: Wisdom | 11/25

└·Toxicodendron radicans [Rhus radicans; eastern poison ivy, poison ivy]

└·Toxicodendron trichocarpum [Rhus trichocarpa; bristly fruit sumac, bristly-fruit lacquer tree, 개옻나무]

└·Toxicodendron vernicifluum [Rhus verniciflua; Chinese lacquer tree, 옻나무]

•Trachelospermum [마삭줄속; Star Jasmine, Confederate Jasmine]: white smile

└·Trachelospermum asiaticum [Asiatic jasmine, 마삭줄]

•Trachycarpu [당종려속]: Victory | 10/05

└·Trachycarpus excelsa [종려나무]

└·Trachycarpus fortunei [Chinese windmill palm, windmill palm, Chusan palm, fortune palm, 당종려, 唐棕櫚]: Victory, win, gain; fortune

•Tragopogon [쇠채아재비속]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

└·Tragopogon dubius [쇠채아재비]: perpetual bliss, eternal happiness

거베라 [gerbera, Transvaal daisy]: 풀을 수 없는 수수께끼

•Trapa [마름속; water-chestnut]: eternal happiness, perpetual bliss; thirst; diamond

└·Trapa bicornis [water caltrop, buffalo nut, bat nut, devil pod, ling nut, lin kok, ling kio nut, mustache nut]

└·Trapa japonica [East Asian water-chestnut, 마름]

└·Trapa natans [water caltrop, buffalo nut, bat nut, devil pod, ling nut, lin kok, ling kio nut, mustache nut]

└·Trapa rossica [water caltrop, buffalo nut, bat nut, devil pod, ling nut, lin kok, ling kio nut, mustache nut]

•Trapaceae [마름과] [→ Lythraceae(부처꽃과)]

└·Trapa [마름속; water-chestnut]: eternal happiness, perpetual bliss; thirst; diamond

•Trichosanthes [하늘타리속]: Everlasting dearness, invariable endearingness

└·Trichosanthes kirilowii [Mongolian snakegourd, 하늘타리]

└-·Trichosanthes kirilowii var. japonica (Miq.) Kitam. [yellow Mongolian snakegourd, 노랑하늘타리]

•Trientalis [기생꽃속; starflower, wintergreens]: Angel

└·Trientalis europaea [syn. Trientalis arctica; arctic starflower, chickweed-wintergreen, 기생꽃] 

•Trifolium [토끼풀속; clover, trefoil, 클로버, 토끼풀]: cheerfulness, influence, promise, luck, peace | 05/29, 06/17, 06/23, 08/31

└·Trifolium campestre [yellow hop clover, hop trefoil, field clover, low hop clover, 노랑토끼풀]: Promise, peace

└·Trifolium pratense [red clover]: Happiness, promise, with you, Think of me all the time; industry

└·Trifolium repens [white clover, Dutch clover, Ladino clover, Ladino]: I promise

•Trigonotis [꽃마리속]: my happiness, I don't want to be forgotten

└·Trigonotis icumae [stoloniferous trigonotis, 덩굴꽃마리]: my happiness, I don't want to be forgotten

└·Trigonotis peduncularis [꽃마리]

•Trillium [trillium, wakerobin, tri flower, birthroot, birthwort]

└·Trillium camschatcense [Trillium kamtschaticum, 연령초]: Quiet and secluded mind | 07/24

•Tripolium

└·Tripolium pannonicum [syn. Aster tripolium, syn. Aster pannonicus; Michaelmas daisy, 미카엘데이지, 갯개미취]: memory | 09/09, 09/29

•Tripterospermum [덩굴용담속; tripterospermum]: justice, righteousness; definition; memory, recollection; beauty of sad spectacle

└·Tripterospermum japonicum [climbing gentian, 덩굴용담]

•Trollius [금매화속; globeflower, globe flower]

└·Trollius ledebourii [short-petal globe-flower, 금매화, 金梅花]: Dreamful girl

•Tropaeolum [한련속; nasturtium]: Patriotic spirit | 09/06

└·Tropaeolum majus [한련, garden nasturtium, Indian cress, monks cress]

•Tudor rose [Union rose, York & Lancaster Rose, 튜더장미]: Beauty, gentleness; (UK) harmony, unity, peace | 07/23

•Tulip [튤립, 울금향, 鬱金香; (Genus) Tulipa]: Broken heart; confession of love, enchantment, eternal love, thoughtlessness; charity, fame; beautiful eyes | Florescence: April~May | 01/07, 04/16 

└·Color

└··Tulip (black) [튤립 (검정)]: I curse you; I couldn't wait for your love  

└··Tulip (pink) [튤립 (분홍)]: Love and consideration 

└··Tulip (purple) [튤립 (자주, 보라)]: Forever love; eternal affection; neverlasting love; I couldn't wait for your love 

└··Tulip (red) [튤립 (빨강)]: Undying love; unrequited love; confession of love; I was charmed by your beauty; confession of ardent love 

└··Tulip (white) [튤립 (하양)]: One-sided love; broken heart, purity; I was charmed by your beauty; apology and forgiveness 

└··Tulip (yellow) [튤립 (노랑)]: Hopeless love, false love; love token; one-sided love, I was charmed by your beauty | 05/17

•Tulip tree [튤립나무; Liriodendron]: Fame; happiness of rural life | 08/17

•Tulipa [tulip, 튤립, 울금향, 鬱金香]: Broken heart; confession of love, enchantment, eternal love, thoughtlessness; charity, fame; beautiful eyes | Florescence: April~May | 01/07, 04/16

•Tylophora [왜박주가리속]: far journey 

└·Tylophora floribunda [many-flower tylophora, 왜박주가리]

​[U]

•Ulmaceae [느릅나무과; Elm family]

└·Ulmus [느릅나무속; elm]: Nobility, dignity; trust | 03/10, 09/05

└·Zelkova [느티나무속; zelkova]: Fate, destiny; protection

•Ulmus [느릅나무속; elm]: Nobility, dignity; trust | 03/10, 09/05

└·Ulmus davidiana [David, Father David, elm, 당느릅나무]

└-·Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Rehder) Nakai [elm tree, Wilson’s elm, 느릅나무]

└-·Ulmus davidiana var. japonica for. suberosa [혹느릅나무]

•Umbelliferae [Apiaceae, 미나리과, 산형과, 傘形科; celery, carrot, parsley family, umbellifers]

└·Bupleurum [시호속]: root, basis, basics, fundamentals

└·Cicuta [독미나리속; cowbane, poison parsnip, water hemlock]: no regret for death

└·Conium [독당근속, 나도독미나리속; poison hemlock]: no regret for death

└·Daucus [당근속]: I wouldn't spare even my own life for you

•Urticaceae [쐐기풀과] (Nettle family): compathy, beginning of life

•Utricularia [통발속; bladderworts]: tears of flies; patience

└·Utricularia australis [syn. Utricularia japonica, Utricularia vulgaris var. japonica; 통발]

└·Utricularia bifida [bifid bladderwort, 땅귀개]: tears of flies

└·Utricularia japonica [syn. Utricularia australis, Utricularia vulgaris var. japonica; 통발]

└·Utricularia vulgaris [greater bladderwort, common bladderwort]

└-·Utricularia vulgaris var. japonica [syn. Utricularia australis, Utricularia japonica; 통발]

[V]

•Vaccinium [산앵도나무속, 정금나무속]: only one love, no one for me but you

└·Vaccinium hirtum

└-·Vaccinium hirtum var. koreanum [syn. Vaccinium koreanum; Korean blueberry, 산앵도나무]

└·Vaccinium koreanum [syn. Vaccinium hirtum var. koreanum (Nakai) Kitam.; Korean blueberry, 산앵도나무]

└·Vaccinium oxycoccos [syn. Oxycoccus quadripetalus; cranberry, small cranberry, bog cranberry, swamp cranberry, 넌출월귤]: soothe one's troubled thoughts | 10/18

└·Vaccinium uliginosum [bog bilberry, bog blueberry, northern bilberry, western blueberry, 들쭉나무]: the spirit of insubordination

└·Vaccinium vitis-idaea [lingonberry, cowberry, 월귤]: the spirit of insubordination, rebellious spirit | 10/12

•Vaccinium [산앵도나무속, 정금나무속]: only one love, no one for me but you

└·Bilberry [whortleberry]

└·Blueberry

└·Cranberry: soothe one's troubled thoughts | 10/18

└·Huckleberry

└·Lingonberry [cowberry]: the spirit of insubordination, rebellious spirit | 10/12

•Valerianaceae [마타리과; valerian family] [→ Caprifoliaceae(인동과)]

└·Patrinia [마타리속; patrinia]: warm heart, kindly feeling; beauty, beautiful woman; love without measure

•Vanda [반다속, formerly Neofinetia, 네오피비티아속]: Refined beauty, elegant beauty

└·Vanda falcata [syn. Aerides thunbergii, syn. Neofinetia falcata; wind orchid, 풍란, 風蘭, 꼬리난초, 소엽풍란]: Patience

•Vanilla [바닐라속]: Frugal, unaffected, plain 

└·Vanilla planifolia [common vanilla, 바닐라덩굴]

•Verbena [버베나속; vervain]: family unity, happy home, brilliance, solidarity | 06/24

└·Verbena hybrida [버베나히브리다; garden verbena]

└·Verbena officinalis [common vervain, common verbena, 마편초]

└·Verbena tenera [버베나테네라]

•Verbena, others: family unity, happy home, brilliance, solidarity | 06/24

└·Verbenaceae [베르베나케아이, 마편초과, 馬鞭草科; verbena family, vervain family]

└-·Lemon verbena [레몬버베나; Aloysia triphylla, Aloysia citrodora]: patience | 11/13

└-·Mock verbenas [mock vervain; Glandularia]

└-·Pineapple verbena [Moujean tea, Bahamas berry; Nashia inaguensis]

└-·Shrub verbenas [Lantana]

└·Nyctaginaceae [분꽃과]

└-·Sand-verbenas [wild lantanas; Abronia]

└·Myrtaceae [도금양과, 桃金孃科]

└-·Sweet verbena-tree [lemon myrtle, lemon scented myrtle, lemon scented ironwood; Backhousia citriodora]

•Verbenaceae [베르베나케아이, 마편초과, 馬鞭草科; verbena family, vervain family]: compathy, beginning of life

└·Aloysia [레몬버베나속, 알로이시아; beebrushes]: patience

└·Clerodendrum [누리장나무속; bagflower, bleeding-heart, glorybower]: Love, affection, pure love; glory

└·Lantana [란타나속; shrub verbenas, lantanas]: solemnity, dignity, I don't change

└·Verbena [버베나속, 마편초속; vervain]: family unity, happy home, brilliance, solidarity | 06/24

•Verbesina [나래가막사리속; crownbeard]: Fully ripened love

└·Verbesina alternifolia [나래가막사리]

•Veronica [개불알풀속, 눈꼬리풀속; speedwell, bird's eye, gypsyweed]: faithfulness, solidity, chastity

└·Veronica americana [American brooklime, American speedwell, 미국물칭개]: achievement, accomplishment

└·Veronica didyma [wayside speedwell, 봄까치꽃, 개불꽃, 개불알풀]: win and take me

└·Veronica linariifolia [speedwell, 꼬리풀]: achieve | 06/20

└·Veronica ovata [Jejudo spike speedwell, 넓은산꼬리풀]: achievement, achieve

└·Veronica rotunda [산꼬리풀]: achievement, achieve

└·Veronica schmidtiana [베로니카슈미트티아나]: longing for, desire for | 06/07

└·Veronica tenella [방패꽃, 개투구꽃, 눈꼬리풀]: shield, defense

└·Veronica undulata [물칭개나물]: achievement, accomplishment

​•Veronicastrum [냉초속]

└·Veronicastrum sibiricum [Siberian veronicastrum, 냉초, 冷草]: Purity, pure

•Viburnum [가막살나무속, 덜꿩나무속]: hesitation, indecision

└·Viburnum dilatatum [linden arrowwood, linden viburnum, 가막살나무]: Love is stronger than death | Florescence: June; white | Fruits: October; red | 06/22, 11/24

└·Viburnum erosum [leather-leaf viburnum, 덜꿩나무]

└·Viburnum opulus [양백당나무]

•Vicia [나비나물속; vetch]: Horse's veil; butterfly festival

└·Vicia chosenensis [yellow-flower vetch, 노랑갈퀴, 노랑말굴레풀]: passion, ardor, fervor, sorrow of love

└·Vicia unijuga [two-leaf vetch, 나비나물]

└·Vicia villosa [syn. Vicia dasycarpa Ten.; hairy vetch, fodder vetch, winter vetch, 각시갈퀴나물]

•Vigna [동부속]: happiness that is sure to come, destined happiness; fruitful love, small satisfaction

└·Vigna angularis [red bean, 팥] 

└·Vigna radiata [mung bean, 녹두, 綠豆] 

└·Vigna unguiculata [cowpea, 동부, 豇豆, 강두]: destined happiness

└·Vigna vexillata [zombi pea, wild cowpea]

└-·Vigna vexillata var. tsusimensis Matsum. [seashore black-eye cowpea, 돌동부]

•Vinca [periwinkle, 일일초; (Genus) Vinca]: Pleasant memory; friendship; I remember a good thing, I love you. | Florescence: July~September; white, red, purple | 02/24

•Viola [제비꽃속; violet, 바이올렛, 제비꽃]: Faithfulness, modesty, wisdom, hope; eternal friendship, love, faithful love | [UK] February

└·by Species

└-·Viola albida [Namsan violet, 남산제비꽃]: Refreshing smell of beauty | 03/11

└-·Viola biflora [alpine yellow-violet, arctic yellow violet, twoflower violet]: Shy love; happiness in the rural areas | Florescence: April~July | 01/09

└-·Viola diamantiaca [Geumgang violet, 금강제비꽃]: Fairy's handkerchief

└-·Viola lactiflora [milky-white violet, 흰젖제비꽃]: Modesty; innocent love; simplicity | Florescence: April~May | 01/06

└-·Viola orientalis [Oriental yellow violet, golden violet, 노랑제비꽃]: Shy love; happiness in the rural areas | Florescence: April~July | 01/09

└-·Viola patrinii [white-flower violet, stemless violet, 흰제비꽃]: Modesty; innocent love; simplicity | 01/06

└-·Viola tricolor [ Johnny Jump up, heartsease, heart's ease, heart's delight, tickle-my-fancy, Jack-jump-up-and-kiss-me, come-and-cuddle-me, three faces in a hood, love-in-idleness, wild pansy, pansy, 팬지, 삼색제비꽃]: Pure love, meditation, thought, lover's thoughts; cheerful mind, please remember me | 05/25

•Violaceae [제비꽃과]

└·Viola [제비꽃속; viola, violet, 바이올렛, 제비꽃]: Faithfulness, modesty, wisdom, hope; eternal friendship, love, faithful love | [UK] February

•Violet [바이올렛, 제비꽃; Viola]: Faithfulness, modesty, wisdom, hope; eternal friendship, love, faithful love | [UK] February

└·by Color

└-·Violet (blue): Faithfulness, fidelity

└-·Violet (purple) [제비꽃 (자주)]: Daydreaming, love between two women; love | Florescence: April~June | 01/08

└-·Violet (white) [하얀제비꽃, (Genus) Viola]: Modesty; innocent love; simplicity | Florescence: April~June | 01/06

└-·Violet (yellow): Shy love; happiness in the rural areas | Florescence: April~July | 01/09

•Viscaceae [겨우살이과; taxonomic family → Santalaceae]

└·Korthalsella [동백나무겨우살이속; korthal mistletoe]: patience, endurance

Viscaria (Lychnis viscaria)  Invitation to dance

•Vitaceae [포도과]

└·Cayratia [거지덩굴속]: pleasure, love for all people, charity

└·Parthenocissus [담쟁이덩굴속, creeper, Virginia creeper]: friendship; gorgeous magnetism; dependence, endurance, faithfulness | 01/21

└·Vitis [포도속]: delight, benevolence, delight, charity, trust; mercy, pleasure | 10/17

•Vitis [포도속]: delight, benevolence, delight, charity, trust; mercy, pleasure | 10/17

└·Vitis coignetiae [wild grapes, wild grapevines, Korean wild grapes, muscadine, scuppernong, crimson grapevine, 머루]: delight, charity, benevolence 

└·Vitis vinifera [(grape) vine, 포도]

•Vochysiaceae [보키시아과]: compathy, beginning of life

[Y]
•Yellow crocus [노란 크로커스, (Species) Crocus flavus]: joy of youth; believe me
•Ylang-Ylang: never-ending love
•Yucca [유카속]: delicacy, fineness; danger, risk, do not approach
└·Yucca aloifolia [aloe yucca, dagger plant, Spanish bayonet, 천수란]: delicacy, fineness
└-·Yucca aloifolia 'marginata' [무늬천수란]
└·Yucca gloriosa [Adam's needle, glorious yucca, lord's candlestick, mound lily, moundlily yucca, palm lily, Roman candle, Sea Islands yucca, soft-tipped yucca, Spanish bayonet, Spanish-dagger, tree lily, 유카]: danger, risk, do not approach